What kind of children are cultivated with pastoral characteristics?

The relationship between 1' s "pastoral education" concept and the cultivation of children's behavior habits

The author believes that the concept of "pastoral education" refers to nature, self-help and freedom. Pastoral education has a very unique educational advantage. It skillfully "sows" the beneficial heritage of traditional culture in the soil of modern education, so that the traditional labor culture can be passed on and children can move freely and naturally from the vast and natural activity space. Pastoral education can be said to be an exploration and attempt of a new educational model and an effective way to implement comprehensive quality education in kindergartens, which is worth popularizing.

Lush pastoral kindergartens often appear in my mind, which may be the best kindergarten picture we can imagine. The joy of planting in spring and harvesting in autumn, in nature, hard-working and simple work like a farmer's uncle, brings children a good habit of cherishing the fruits of labor and goods, and also brings them a healthy psychology of "giving is rewarded". Pastoral education resources have their unique advantages, so we should pay attention to the development and utilization of pastoral education resources, so that children can have a broad and natural activity space and move independently, freely and confidently.

As a new preschool education model, pastoral education can not only help children develop good behavior habits, but also let them get close to and enjoy nature. We should understand nature and regard it as the source of education.

2 "pastoral education" feasibility analysis

Tao Xingzhi, a famous educator, once pointed out in his "The Fundamental Change of Rural Education in China" that "the rural education of life needs the living environment; What he wants to use is not an immortal book, but a living force in the environment to develop children's survival skills, conquer nature and transform society. " Because there is no unified kindergarten curriculum in the development of kindergarten curriculum at present, many kindergartens have created kindergarten-based curriculum to keep some educational contents close to nature.

There are many successful experiences in "pastoral education" that we can learn from. Many children have done research on rural education. For example, the "natural comprehensive education course" in the kindergarten of Qingdao Huangdao Economic Development Zone, where preschool education is developed, makes full use of local natural resources and fully develops children's daily activities, and some good habits of children are constantly formed during the activities; In the aspect of forming a systematic curriculum, Taiping Lane Kindergarten in Nanjing is in the forefront, and the research on "field curriculum" in the kindergarten has formed a certain scale. The meaning of "field" includes: original meaning, nature and authenticity, providing children with a real and natural environment, sprouting children's positive emotional attitude of loving nature and life, and letting children learn in real scenes and life situations. Only in this way can the behavior habits developed in this environment affect children for a long time. These existing studies have good practical significance for us to carry out pastoral education.

The author believes that pastoral refers to "fields and gardens", and pastoral is a kind of natural scenery, full of green and vitality. Pastoral education refers to the use of "pastoral" resources to educate children. From the aspect of behavior habits, we can cultivate children's nine habits: eating, sleeping, dressing, speaking, listening, walking, doing things, being polite and filial.

3 How to cultivate children's behavior habits through "pastoral education"

Parents of young children once discussed with the author: "Pastoral education is a good aspect of children's learning. I advocate that parents can take their children to feel it, which is very beneficial to their growth. But there is too little pastoral education now. " There are relatively few opportunities to take children to experience the countryside, such as picking strawberries in the field during a spring outing ... Then in our kindergarten, our teachers can also cultivate children's good behavior habits by creating an "idyllic education" environment. For example, we can start from the following aspects:

Let the children grow their own rice, and they can open up a paddy field in the kindergarten. Driven by curiosity, children will devote great enthusiasm to let them learn simple rice planting work, feel the patient management of farmers' uncles and their desire to harvest food, and inspire them to cherish food, not be picky about food, not waste it, and develop good eating habits. Moreover, they can sing the joy of the countryside through poetry. "It is noon when weeding, and sweat drips down the soil. Who knows that every meal is hard? By taking part in labor, children can not only form good eating habits, but also learn poetry, which can kill two birds with one stone. Some Parthenocissus can be planted on the bedroom wall of kindergarten. Parthenocissus tricuspidata has strong vitality and can spread to the roof. Summer is a natural shade. Therefore, in summer, the air conditioner can be turned off in the bedroom of kindergarten, because the natural Parthenocissus can make the indoor temperature at least 7℃ ~ 8℃ lower than the outdoor temperature. In such a natural "air-conditioned room", children can often form good sleep habits naturally. First of all, seeing green eyes, children's eyes can get a good rest and sleep naturally and comfortably. In addition, green can make people quiet, but children should not be too excited and play before going to bed. Green can make children quiet soon, and the cultivation of children's good sleep habits should try to ensure that children sleep in a quiet environment. This invisibly develops children's good sleep habits through "pastoral education".

Teachers can also set aside a small area in the kindergarten for children to grow their favorite vegetables, such as tomatoes and Chinese cabbage. These vegetables are relatively easy to grow and are widely planted in China. According to the determination, Chinese cabbage is the most abundant vegetable in minerals and vitamins. Vegetables for lunch in kindergarten can be picked from vegetable fields in kindergarten. However, in the process of growing some vegetables, children often need to pay some hard work. Let them feel the hard work of vegetable farmers' uncles, and feel the joy of labor in the process of harvesting, especially the fruits of their own labor. The understanding of labor can go deep into children's minds and let children develop a good habit of loving labor.