What are the financial institutions?

Financial institutions, including banks, securities companies, insurance companies, trust and investment companies and fund management companies, also refer to lending institutions and companies that provide loans to customers for capital turnover.

1, divided into four categories according to status and function:

First, the central bank. The central bank in China is the People's Bank of China.

The second category is banks. Including policy banks, commercial banks and village banks.

The third category is non-bank financial institutions. It mainly includes state-owned and joint-stock insurance companies, urban credit cooperatives, securities companies (investment banks), finance companies and third-party wealth management companies.

The fourth category is foreign-funded, overseas Chinese-funded and Sino-foreign joint venture financial institutions established in China.

2. According to the operating conditions of financial institutions, they can be divided into financial supervision institutions and supervised financial enterprises. For example, the People's Bank of China, China Banking Regulatory Commission, China Insurance Regulatory Commission and China Securities Regulatory Commission are institutions that exercise financial supervision power on behalf of the state, and all other financial enterprises such as banks, securities companies and insurance companies must accept their supervision and management.

3. According to whether it can accept public deposits, it can be divided into deposit financial institutions and non-deposit financial institutions. Deposit financial institutions mainly borrow from the public in the form of deposits, such as commercial banks, savings and loan associations, cooperative savings banks and credit cooperatives. Insurance companies, trust financial institutions, policy banks, securities companies, finance companies and other non-deposit financial institutions are not allowed to absorb public savings deposits.

4. According to whether it undertakes the national policy financing task, it can be divided into policy financial institutions and non-policy financial institutions. Policy financial institutions refer to

An institution invested by the government and engaged in financial activities according to the government's intentions and plans. Non-policy financial institutions do not undertake national policy financing tasks.

5, according to whether it belongs to the banking system, it can be divided into bank financial institutions and non-bank financial institutions; According to the national nature of capital contribution, it can be divided into domestic financial institutions, foreign financial institutions and joint venture financial institutions; It can also be divided into domestic financial institutions, foreign financial institutions and international financial institutions by country.

Extended data:

Functions of financial institutions:

1, through dredging and guiding the flow of funds, promote the distribution of resources in the economy and society, and improve the efficiency of the whole social and economic operation. There are many forms of financial institutions.

2. As an intermediary, effective financing funds flow from surplus units to deficit units to realize resource transfer, and as a credit intermediary financing fund, effectively transfer social resources; Create credit currency and expand credit; Provide a wide range of financial services.

3. Provide payment and settlement services; Financing funds; Reduce transaction costs and provide financial services; Improve the information asymmetry in investment and financing activities; Risk transfer and management.

Baidu encyclopedia-financial institutions