History and Culture of Wu Chuan

After the reform and opening up, the development of market economy, cultural diversification, religious beliefs, relaxed environment, the original folk customs, ideals, religious beliefs were impacted, the formation of new ideas, new culture, new fashion. Foreign rituals and customs imported from abroad, and the original ideas, the original culture, the original fashion, intermingling, *** survival **** glory. People's clothing, food, housing, transportation, old age, marriage and funeral offerings, festivals and celebrations, social etiquette, production and living customs, bad habits and vices, both by the serious impact, but also with the new ideas, new culture, new fashions **** exist. People encounter the corresponding things, often both the old rituals, inherited the old customs, but also new rules, the creation of new fashions.

Wuchuan has a long history and a long history of culture. After the founding of New China, the county party committee and the county government attach importance to carry out cultural activities, forming a diversified pattern of cultural development, such as literary counseling, book reading, cable broadcasting, Cantonese opera performances, folk art parade. After the reform and opening up, the mass cultural activities are more colorful, forming a creative boom in art, calligraphy, photography, poetry, literature, folklore, etc., and creating a large number of literary and artistic works, which are published and exhibited at the provincial level and above.

The folk art has pushed the boundaries of the traditional clay sculpture exhibition, in addition to the exhibition in Meilac Tou, Jiefang Road, Yanjiang Road, Harbor Boulevard, and Jiangxin Island are on display. Every year, on the night of the 15th day of the first month of the lunar calendar, 10,000 people tour across the Flower Bridge, and on the 16th and 17th day of the first month of the lunar calendar, residents of Meyraxonthou, Meiling, Gatang, and Wayao decorate with colorful floats, lion dances, dragon dances, and bravado dances to go out on a tour.

Wu Chuan three great (floating color, clay sculpture, flower bridge), Wu Chuan Lantern Festival is famous at home and abroad. 1987 February, the United States, the University of Washington Department of Music, Dr. Sun Danli ethnomusicology to Wu Chuan to study the drama and folk art. 1988 March 8 evening, CCTV first broadcast Wu Chuan Lantern Festival folk art activities live special program. In 1990, Wuchuan's floating color, flower bridge, clay sculpture, activity color sculpture, flower pagoda was invited to Guangzhou to participate in the "China's First Tourism Art Festival". In Wuchuan, there are several accents such as Tu Baihua, Donghua (Lihua) and Haihua. There are several accents in Wuchuan, such as Donghua (Laihua), Haihua, etc. There is also a difference between Wuyang accent, Meilu accent, and Tangdian accent. Wu Chuan has the largest number of people speaking Wuyang accent, and the most authentic accent is in the area of Wuyang and Huangpo, which is close to Zhanjiang. Wuchuan dialect generally refers to the accent of Wuyang and Huangpo.

One of the most important features of Wuchuan dialect is its ancient flavor. It is a special hybrid language that combines Cantonese, Min, and Slang Bureaucratic Gu Yue from the Gaoyang area, and some of the pronunciation still retains the characteristics of Min. Later, due to the influence of the Gaozhou Prefecture's vernacular, it gradually became vernacularized, however, it has always maintained a huge gap with other vernaculars, and is unable to communicate with any other vernacular branches. Wuchuan dialect belongs to the Wuhua dialect of Cantonese and is one of the representative dialects of Wuhua Cantonese. It is also one of the representative dialects of Wuhua Cantonese. The pronunciation of Wuchuan dialect is extremely harmonized, which is rare in the whole country.

Wu Chuan dialect is quite ancient in terms of the titles of relatives. For example, call your father Dad or Lao Dou, but also uncle and brother; call your mother Mom, Niang or Na; call your father's elder sister (cup of milk), and call your elder sister (woman Fu). Addressing grandfather as Yadai, grandmother as Ya milk, great-grandparents as Gongzu and Brazu; daughter-in-law calling husband's father and mother as Jiajunji and Jiawu; calling daughter-in-law as Xinwu; calling maternal grandfather as maternal grandfather and maternal grandmother as maternal grandmother; calling mother's brother's wife as realtor, grandmother's brothers and wives as maternal uncle and realtor's wife; and calling son son as Zai'er or Maoyi Zai, and so on.

Wu Chuan territory, in addition to the local vernacular there are also Dongtonghua (i.e., Leihua), Haihua (Jizhaohua).

One, the soil vernacular is divided into two categories:

One is the soil vernacular represented by Meilu language, there are Meilu accent, Tongdu accent, Changqi accent. Meilu accent mainly passes through the Meilu street; Tangdu accent mainly passes through the northwestern Tangdu district; Changqi accent mainly passes through the northern Shanshui district and Changqi district, and the neighboring Maoming, Huazhou vernacular accent close. Another category is represented by the Wuyang dialect, "local vernacular" (also known as the local black dialect). It prevails in Wuyang, Huangpo, Tangwei, Zhenwen and other towns. According to statistics, people speaking Wuyang dialect (black dialect) accounted for more than 60% of the city's total population; today's Potou District belongs to Zhanjiang City, which used to be under the jurisdiction of Wuchuan County, and 90% of the residents also speak Wuchuan dialect. Meilu dialect and Wuyang dialect are both vernaculars, with the same characteristics of vernaculars, and can generally communicate with each other. In comparison, Meilu dialect is slightly closer to "Guangfu dialect", and Wuyang dialect is significantly different from "Guangfu dialect", which is called "earth".

Second, the East language

The East language is the Li language, also called Lei language, and Leizhou, Xuwen Lei language is very close to the area, are belong to the Min dialect. It is mainly distributed in the towns of Lan Shi, Wang Cun Gang and Qin Ba. It is estimated that the number of people who speak Dong dialect is nearly 100,000 people. These towns are geographically located in the eastern part of Wuchuan City, and neighboring Dianbai County, Shuidong Township connected to Dianbai County, Shuidong Township, the words called "Dongtong", Wuchuan's Dongtong language is also named.

Three, the sea language

The sea language is also called Jizhao language, distributed in the Jizhao area, which is an endangered language. Lantern Festival Customs

Fourteenth to seventeenth day of the first month of the lunar calendar, Wuchuan Lantern Festival is a lively event, the streets and alleys of Meiluac street, decorated with lanterns, visitors such as the tide, a joyful scene. Lantern Festival activities are rich and colorful, there are lifelike clay sculpture and electric color sculpture, there are bamboo and wood made of towering five-stage pagodas and flower towers, there are colorful flower bridge, there is a huge parade. During the parade, there were noisy gongs and drums, fire dragon dances, lion dances, bravery dances, two real dances, six generals dances, ten-fold stomps, flute playing, ceramic drums, various kinds of colorful cars, "ground color" and wonderful and ingenious "floating color", as well as colorful flower clusters, colorful banners, honor guards and martial arts teams, and the whole city was engrossed in the procession. The whole city is immersed in joy. Especially the floating color, clay sculpture, flower bridge, known as "Wuchuan three great", attracting thousands of people at home and abroad to come to see.

According to the statistics of the relevant departments, during the Lantern Festival every year, the number of people directly involved in the artistic activities amounted to 100,000, and the number of tourists who came to watch the Lantern Festival amounted to 1 million. CCTV and Guangdong TV have broadcast "Guangdong Wuchuan three great" and "Wuchuan Lantern Festival Parade" feature films to the world, won a high reputation. 2000, Wuchuan City was named by the Ministry of Culture of China as "China Folk Art Township". 2002, Wuchuan City, the Lantern Festival is officially designated as "Wuchuan Lantern Festival Folk Art Township". In 2002, Wuchuan City officially designated the Lantern Festival as the "Wuchuan Lantern Folk Art Festival".

Wuchuan three best

Wuchuan City, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, the floating color, clay sculpture, flower bridge is known as "Wuchuan three best", Wuchuan floating color in 1992 and 1997 twice to Beijing to participate in the CCTV Spring Festival Gala, in 2003, Wuchuan floating color modeling works in Beijing to participate in the China's first cultural relics imitations both Folk crafts exhibition, won the gold medal; in 2000, the State Ministry of Culture named Wuchuan City, Meilac as "China's folk art township (floating color, clay sculpture)", the Guangdong Provincial Department of Culture named Huangpo Township "Guangdong Province, the township of folk art (floating color)"; in 2006, the Guangdong Provincial People's Government in May, "the township of floating color". In May 2006, the People's Government of Guangdong Province listed "Wuchuan Piao Si" as the first batch of provincial intangible cultural heritage; in 2007, Wuchuan Piao Si was listed as "the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage", and Wuchuan Clay Sculpture was listed as "Guangdong Intangible Cultural Heritage List" in November 2007 Wuchuan mud sculpture was listed as "Guangdong Province Intangible Cultural Heritage List" in November 2007.

In July 2009, as the only invited team in Guangdong Province, Wuchuan Piusi participated in the Chengdu International Intangible Cultural Heritage Festival, and in October 2009, Wuchuan Clay Sculpture was invited to participate in the Wuxi National Clay Figures Exhibition, and its works were collected by the China Clay Figures Museum, and in June 2010, the Intangible Cultural Heritage Heritage Inheritance Base of Wuchuan was set up. In June 2010, Wuchuan City Intangible Cultural Heritage Inheritance Base was established.

Piu Sai

Wuchuan Piu Sai began in the Qing Dynasty, with children disguised as various characters, standing or sitting on top of the "color plate", dancing in the parade, floating like an immortal, thrilling and wonderful, known as "hidden art" and "Oriental Floating Art". "In September 2003, Wuchuan Piusi went to Beijing to participate in China's first cultural relics replica and folk crafts exhibition, won the gold medal, and was praised by experts and scholars as "unique Chinese Lingnan folk art style". 2005, Wuchuan Piusi became one of the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage. In June 2006, at the invitation of the Liaison Office of the Central People's Government in Hong Kong, Wuchuan Piao Si participated in the parade held in Hong Kong on July 1 to celebrate the return of Hong Kong to China and the ninth anniversary of the founding of the SAR Government, which was highly praised by people from all walks of life, and was featured in Hong Kong's major newspapers, magazines, and television stations.In 2006, Wuchuan hosted the first "Dinglong Cup" in the National Lantern Festival, and was awarded the gold medal. The first "Dinglong Cup" floating color show, Wuchuan floating color 3 sets of gold medals, 4 sets of silver medals, 1 set of bronze medals.

Mud sculpture

Mud sculpture originated in the Tang Dynasty. Clay figures in a variety of forms, realistic and moving, ideological art is very high. Wuchuan Folk Sculpture Garden is China's first folk sculpture garden. China's famous sculpture artist, deputy director of the National City Sculpture Art Committee Pan He, for the sculpture garden inscribed "Wuchuan Folk Sculpture Garden" garden name, the garden has been shaped a number of clay works of art, for visitors to enjoy. The street of Meilac has been known as the "hometown of clay sculpture". It is rumored that the mud sculpture in Meilac has a history of several hundred years. The rise and development of mud sculpture is related to the developed pottery and brick industry in Meilac. According to legend, at the end of the Tang Dynasty, one year during the Lantern Festival, a potter in Wayao Village of Meyrakodi had nothing to do, and casually pinched up human figures with clay, which attracted many people to watch. This attracted many people to watch. As a result, other potters also came to make clay figures, which inadvertently led to the formation of an exhibition of clay figures at the Lantern Festival. From then on, the people of Wayao Village made clay figures to celebrate the Lantern Festival, which gradually became a local custom and multiplied, and the art of clay sculpture spread to the surrounding villages, such as Meraktori Tou and Yodi, and other villages were y affected. Every Lantern Festival, in the streets and lanes of Meiratha and nearby villages will display life-size mud sculptures. 2000, Wuchuan Meiratha Township was named by the Ministry of Culture as the "Hometown of Chinese Folk Art", and Wuchuan mud sculpture is a great contribution to the award, and as long as mud sculpture is talked about, people will think of Wuchuan, and mud sculpture has increased the popularity of Wuchuan. popularity.

Flower Bridge

Wuchuan Huaqiao began in the Ming Dynasty. It spans both sides of the river, the bridge above the high cover cloth shed, hanging full of colorful lanterns, flags, ribbons, balloons; bridge on both sides of a variety of flowers, poetry and paintings; the bridge has a large clay sculpture "Fairy Scattered Flowers", carving fine, ingenious workmanship. Flower Bridge at night, colorful lights flashing, clear waves flow Hua, like a rainbow across the sky, extremely magnificent. Cuisine System

Wuchuan cuisine belongs to the Cantonese cuisine system, which is in the same lineage with Guangzhou cuisine. Wu Chuan Cuisine inherits the tradition of Cantonese Cuisine and draws the essence of Cantonese Cuisine. What is the popular flavor of modern Cantonese cuisine? It can be summarized by the six words "clear, fresh, tender, smooth, crisp and fragrant", which can also be used to summarize the characteristics of Wu Chuan Cuisine. Wu Chuan's street food is characterized by a strong flavor and a strong wok. Wu Chuan street food is heavily flavored, but only a small amount of ginger, green onion, garlic as the "head" of the explosion, and less use of chili peppers, peppercorns, star anise, fennel and other spicy spices with a strong flavor as a condiment, so the flavor will not be too strong. Wu Chuan cuisine is fragrant but not strong, is a refreshing fragrance; wok qi refers to the use of martial arts fire wok (stir-frying large iron pot) hot, add oil, the oil boiled, put down a small amount of ginger, green onion, garlic puree burst incense, and then stir-frying, stir-frying out of the dish is particularly fragrant. This is called "wok qi", which means the fire is just right.

Wuchuan wedding banquet dishes rich, neighboring counties and cities of the wedding banquet for the general thirteen dishes, which a soup a sugar water, and Wuchuan wedding banquet has sixteen to eighteen dishes, generally eighteen dishes are the most common, because the Wuchuan people like to "eighteen" resonance for the "real hair! "

No matter what you are looking for, you can't go wrong with it.

Whether in the past or now, Wuchuan people wine and treats, many people like to set up in the house, some even temporarily borrowed the street, the street next to the scaffolding base up stove, wine and meat full of street fragrance. Neighbors and grandparents came together to help, subdividing chickens and killing ducks, washing pots and pans, moving tables and setting up stools, and they were very busy. Now with a professional family banquet team, the host family only needs to order the food, and the rest of the work and chores are all contracted to the professional team. Than in the hotel banquet, at home to do banquets both save money, dishes are rich, the home can also be lively, friends and relatives a joyful.

Wu Chuan people for others to invite themselves to the banquet, is generally invited to, this is the respect for the person who invited, unless very special circumstances not to, but even if people do not gift must be.

Famous specialties

Wu Chuan, the material wealth, rich in resources. It has a mild climate, beautiful mountains and fertile land. It is rich in agricultural products such as rice, sugar cane, peanuts, jute, watermelon, citrus oranges, longan and northern transport vegetables. The 10,000-mu ecological reserve is a paradise for various kinds of rare birds and migratory birds, and the Grosbeak, known as "ginseng in the sky", gathers here. Aquatic products are famous for jellyfish, sand snails and rice crabs. Mineral resources include graphite ore, ilmenite, gold ore, as well as quartz, granite, kaolin, glass sand and so on.

Wuchuan food is famous all over the world, tourism culture and food festival is Wuchuan's characteristics and brand. Wuchuan food culture is developed, the famous sand snail, one of the four famous crabs in China Zhiliao cream crab and so on have long been famous. In addition to large hotels and restaurants, small food stalls all over the streets and alleys, a variety of flavorful snacks open all night. Wuchuan cuisine is too numerous to list, but the following is a list of some of the more common food. Rotten wok fried noodles

Wu Chuan fried noodles to "Po Mei fried noodles" is the most famous. Instead of using a full wok, the woks of the Po Mei people are called "rotten woks" because they remove the two ears of the wok and then cut the edge of the wok to a smaller size. It is said that the fire of the wok is even, the fire is strong, the noodles are fragrant, and there is "wok qi". When stir-frying the vermicelli, the wok is heated up, peanut oil is added, then lard, garlic is added, the vermicelli is stir-fried, soy sauce, sugar, and monosodium glutamate (MSG) are added, stirred well, and then stir-fried over slow fire until it turns yellow, and then green onions or coriander are sprinkled on top, and then it is ready to be served on a plate. In Meilac, wok fried noodles are sold on the streets, at the end of alleys, in small restaurants and even in high-class hotels. Wok fried noodles is the first big business card of Wuchuan cuisine, enjoying the reputation of "Wuchuan first fried".

Wuyang sand snail

Wu Chuan is located in the seaside, aquatic products are extremely rich, of which sand snail, jellyfish and Zhiliao crab famous. Sand snail, the scientific name for the tip of the purple clam, also known as Xishi tongue, Wuyang sand snail in the Qing Dynasty for the tribute, because produced in the Jianjiang River and seawater confluence place, salt and fresh water, its meat snow white crisp, its soup sweet and delicious, Wuyang sand snail porridge is particularly delicious.

Crab Zhiliao

Crab Zhiliao, because it is produced in the Zhiliao sea and named, Zhiliao Village is located in the sea of the Jianjiang River, more plankton in the water, the crab meat tender and beautiful, the top of the cream knot such as a child, there is a "rice crab," the name of the annual lunar calendar for the best in February, there is a "first month of the sand snail in February, crab! The famous phrase "not envious of mountain treasures envy seafood". Wuyang jellyfish

Jellyfish, formerly known as jellyfish, Wuchuan people commonly known as jellyfish for "fishing", Wuyang coastal jellyfish is the most famous. Jellyfish is extremely nutritious, processed products, called the umbrella part of the jellyfish skin, called the wrist part of the jellyfish head.

Tangwei powder skin

Powder skin economy, delicious, but with the deepening of reform and opening up, the accelerated process of urbanization, this purely handmade workshop skills almost lost. Nowadays, the food has become the majority of people's first choice for breakfast and favorite night. Because of the cohesion of the local customs, also contains a heavy food culture.

Wu Chuan noodles skin production is extremely simple: remove impurities from the rice, soaked in water for 1 hour, ground into thin powder, take the appropriate amount of powder covered with a thin cloth in the bamboo skips, into the cauldron on the boiling water, covered with a high flame steaming. After taking out, inverted on the prepared wooden board, remove the thin cloth into.

Wu Chuan vermicelli is thin, tough and smooth. Therefore, it is eaten in a variety of ways: can be fishing, can be boiled in soup, can be fried. Fishing vermicelli is a simple and affordable way to eat. Vermicelli is rarely seen in the rural areas of Wuchuan, but there are quite a lot of them in the markets of Meilacrae, Tangwei, Wuyang, Huangpo and so on. Wuchuan's vermicelli, when counting Tangwei market vermicelli has the most history, the pieces of vermicelli rolled into a rolled strip, cut into sections, pouring soy sauce, sesame and so on can be eaten.

Wedelus grapsus juice

Wuchuan wedelus grapsus juice is fragrant and delicious, stagnation and stagnation, is the local people's favorite meal sauce snacks, but also gifts to distant relatives and friends of the rich local flavor of the rare gifts. Wuchuan wedelia mainly breeding in Wuyang Zhiliao, limit mouth and Huangpo, Zhongshan coastal area of the mudflat or adjacent to the rice tide field. Wuchuan Tian Amy B is especially famous for Huang Po. There are also sweet potato cakes and shrimp cakes which are very delicious.

Wu Chuan Eight Treasures Rice

Wu Chuan Eight Treasures Rice was created in 1922 in the town of Meilac, Wu Chuan. With reference to the palace eight treasures rice, according to the conditions of Wuchuan's products, combined with the local people's taste habits, created the Wuchuan flavor of eight treasures rice, according to the customs of Wuchuan, most of the banquets on the eight treasures rice.

Huangpo Garlic

Huangpo Town is located in the plain of Jianjiang River, with the production of garlic special thick weather. Pickled garlic selection of Huangpo town produced high-quality white garlic, remove the roots, placed in a large jar, pouring thick vinegar, salt, soak for three or four days, and then pick up the other jar to put light vinegar, brown sugar, white sugar soaked for ten or twenty days. The finished product is gray-green, glossy, garlic and vinegar aroma.

Wu Chuan hemp through

Wu Chuan candy production in the unique and famous products, finished products as thick as sugar cane, 7 to 8 centimeters long, hollow and full of foam, the mouth crunchy and sweet, is a candy in the best. The production of Ma-Tong has a history of more than one hundred years in Wuchuan, but its production technology has been secretly transmitted for a long time until the 60s before it was made public. Wuchuan Dog Meat in Tile Pot

Dog meat is a famous flavor food in western Guangdong, and Wuchuan's dog meat in tile kiln pot overwhelms its peers with its unique aroma, smoothness and flavor. Wuchuan Wajao boiled dog meat has a long history. As the saying goes, "Dog meat rolled three rolls, the immortal enterprise is not stable."

Sucun sweet potatoes

"Wuchuan sweet potatoes more expensive than rice." This is a saying familiar to many people. Wuchuan Changqi Town Su village planted sweet potatoes are particularly famous, is one of the specialties of Wuchuan. The geography of Su village is unique, the soil here is clay soil, containing a variety of trace elements, including a variety of calcium compounds in the soil is very high, coupled with light, rainfall, high yield and unique flavor of sweet potatoes.