The Literati Spirit of Traditional Chinese Art

The traditional Chinese culture has a long history and is profound. Humanism is the basic spirit of traditional Chinese culture. Chinese culture in the "Wen" people-oriented, "people" to "Wen" for the nature or self-nature, it is through the relationship between man and nature, society, interpersonal and personal mind in line with the mediocre and peaceful coordination, in order to educate the world, and thus gave birth to the culture of rituals and music, humanistic culture, and the spirit of humanism. Through the coordination of man and nature, society, interpersonal and spiritual relationships, it educates the world and gives birth to the culture of rituals and music, the culture of humanism, the culture of love, the culture of man and God, the culture of nature and the culture of life. The so-called humanistic spirit is the eternal pursuit of human nature - human beings for truth, goodness and beauty, and the manifestation of the free nature in this pursuit. ...... Humanistic spirit is essentially a free spirit, conscious spirit, and transcendental spirit. The basic content of traditional culture is "the unity of heaven and mankind", which is characterized by "the combination of the inner and the transcendent, the combination of nature and humanity, and the combination of morality and religion". It emphasizes a people-oriented culture, which is different from the nature-oriented Greek culture in that it emphasizes humanism over ghosts and gods; it affirms that the individual is good at heart, and places the human being in an ethical interpersonal relationship. However, traditional Chinese culture does not respect the value and free development of the individual, but rather integrates the individual into the group and emphasizes the obligation of the individual to the clan and the state. Confucianism has been the ruling ideology of the feudal ruling class that has ruled China for thousands of years, and is in fact the mainstream ideology of Chinese society for thousands of years. Confucianism has never been centered on the human being, and China has its own particular tradition of humanism. Putting people at the center and tirelessly working on the construction of a realistic humanistic and ideal society has always been at the core of Confucian doctrine.

It should be noted that the humanism of traditional Chinese culture is not exactly the same as what is now called "humanism" or "humanism". In traditional Chinese culture, the term "humanism" was first used in the Tuan of the Zhou Yi (周易-彖传). "The Tuan of Ben Gua says: "The interplay of rigidity and softness is the same as astronomy; civilization is the same as humanism. Observe astronomy to observe the changes of the times; observe humanity to transform the world." "Astronomy is the reasoning of heaven; humanism is the way of man. Astronomy, that is, the sun, moon and stars of the wrong column, cold, summer and yin and yang of the generation of change, to observe its operation, in order to observe the four times of the speed of change. Humanities, the humanities of the order, view the humanities to teach the world, the world into its rituals and customs, is the saint with Ben's way." From the above explanation, the term "humanities" in traditional Chinese culture was originally used in conjunction with the term "astronomy". "Astronomy" refers to the laws of nature, "humanities" refers to the laws of human society. Specifically, the main connotation of "humanism" refers to a kind of civilized society that takes ritual and music as the basis for educating the world, and establishes an ideal civilized society with orderly human relationships as a result.

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