What is the content and influence of Westernization Movement?

1, 19 In the 1960s, the Westernization School established military enterprises with the goal of "self-improvement", including Anqing Inner Ordnance Institute, Jiangnan Manufacturing General Administration and Fujian Shipping Bureau.

2. Since 1970s, the Westernization School has set up private enterprises, such as Kaiping Mining Bureau, China Merchants Bureau and Hanyang Iron Works, for the purpose of "seeking money".

3. The Westernization School equipped the army with new guns and ships, reformed the army and established a new navy while holding modern industries.

In addition, the Westernization School translated a large number of books in western languages and introduced western culture. It has also established many new schools to train translators, military and industrial talents, and sent people abroad to study.

Second, the impact:

1. Influence on modern culture: Westernization Movement is the beginning of modern education. To launch the Westernization Movement, talents who are proficient in Westernization are needed, but the traditional education of imperial examination system in China is far from meeting the demand for talents.

2. Influence on modern politics: The feudal decay of the founder of the Westernization Movement led to the failure of the Westernization Movement, which made other people with lofty ideals see the defects of the Westernization Movement in the process of modernization in China and stimulated the process of modernization in China.

3. Impact on modern economy: In the process of establishing military industry by Westernization Movement, the most difficult problems are capital, raw materials and transportation. Therefore, after establishing military industry under the slogan of "self-improvement", the Westernization School began to establish civilian enterprises under the slogan of "seeking wealth", focusing on a series of projects supporting military industry, such as mining, smelting, shipping and railways.

The most fundamental guiding ideology of the Westernization Movement is "self-improvement" and "seeking wealth", and its classification ideas are "learning from foreigners to control foreigners" and "using Chinese style and western style". The first four words "learning from foreigners to control foreigners" show the relationship between the Westernization Movement and foreign capitalist aggressors, that is, learning western skills to resist western aggression.

The last four words, "Chinese style and westernization", show the relationship between the Westernization Movement and China's traditional feudal culture, and show the respective positions of middle school and western learning in the Westernization Movement, that is, middle school is the mainstay and western learning is the supplement. "Learning from foreigners and mastering their skills to control foreigners" and "adapting Chinese style to the west" are also the basic principles of the Westernization School in dealing with the relationship between Chinese and Western nationalities and cultural exchanges between China and the West in the Westernization Movement.

In the Westernization Movement, from Feng Guifen's "China ethics as the foundation, supplemented by the skills of making the country rich and strong" to Xue Fucheng's "learning from foreigners and keeping the way of Yao, Shun, Yu, Tang, Wen, Wu, Zhou and Kong", all served as a theory for the leading thought of the Westernization Movement.

In the Westernization Movement, the central representative of the Westernization School is Prince Gong, and the local representatives are Li Hongzhang, Zhang Zhidong, Zeng Guofan, Zuo and other Hunan-Huai groups, as well as Chonghou, Shen Baozhen, Liu Kunyi, Tang and Zhang Jian. They advocate learning from western sounds, light, electricity, culture, ships, trains, machines, guns, newspapers and schools, under the banner of "self-improvement" and "seeking wealth".

People think that if China wants to be rich and strong, it must learn from the natural science and even social politics of the western bourgeoisie. Therefore, we advocate the development of "western learning", the promotion of "westernization", the establishment of military factories, the production of new weapons, and the establishment of a new army in order to achieve the goal of "self-improvement."

Baidu encyclopedia-westernization movement