Traditional cultural skills in classical Chinese reading

1. How to infiltrate traditional culture in classical Chinese teaching? China's traditional culture has a long history and is profound.

However, in recent years, with the acceleration of internationalization and the infiltration of foreign cultures, traditional culture has been neglected. This phenomenon has attracted the attention of experts, and the voice of "returning to tradition" in China's education circle is getting higher and higher.

The Chinese Curriculum Standard emphasizes that in the process of Chinese teaching, students should "know the richness and broadness of Chinese culture and absorb the wisdom of national traditional culture". As the carrier of culture, Chinese determines the particularity of Chinese subject different from other material tools.

The inheritance, development and innovation of national culture depend on Chinese to a great extent. Standing on the platform of the times, Chinese teachers should be duty-bound to undertake this mission-give full play to the special function of Chinese subject in implementing humanistic quality education, and let students bloom the most beautiful flowers in their hearts under the nourishment of the splendid and excellent traditional culture of the motherland.

1. The necessity of permeating traditional culture in Chinese teaching: China's social economy is booming and it is in the process of modernization. The influx of foreign cultures has attracted the attention of children in China.

They like to eat foreign fast food, watch Japanese and Korean cartoons and grab Christmas and Valentine's Day, but they ignore the traditional culture with China characteristics. Living in the land of China, the heart is far from the local culture, and the lack of broken culture makes the students' hearts wander.

On the other hand, parents' unconditional material satisfaction has cultivated the rudeness and selfishness of the only child, and talented people abound. They have long forgotten the virtues of pursuing materialistic enjoyment, arrogance, "saving themselves in three provinces" and "repaying evil with good".

We see that they live happily, but they seek all kinds of * * * to fill their empty and boring hearts. The rich humanistic accumulation of China's traditional culture is conducive to cultivating people's aesthetic taste and shaping healthy personality.

In ancient poetry, there are "don't care about poverty, don't care about wealth" and "don't be good at the world, don't pity others". There is the ambition to "climb to the sky to capture the bright moon", the ambition to ride an old horse and aim at a thousand miles, the beauty of "there is moonlight in the pine forest and crystal stone in the stream", and the desolation of "the desert is lonely and the long river sets the yen" ... Excellent literary works infect people with strong personality, beautify people with fresh and beautiful artistic conception, and can change people unconsciously. In the history of our country, there are many people with lofty ideals who attach importance to self-cultivation, integrity and personality independence. They are closely related to the edification, cultivation and encouragement of traditional cultural spirit.

To make these excellent traditional cultures work, the inheritance of Chinese teaching is the most important way. Chinese curriculum involves a wide range of traditional cultural contents, including architecture, music, art, dance, folk customs and so on, in addition to the humanistic connotation mentioned above.

Chinese teachers should not only regard Chinese class as a skill exercise of "pure knowledge", but also let students get more indispensable spiritual nutrients in the process of life growth-excellent traditional culture. 2. Ways and methods of infiltrating traditional culture in ancient poetry teaching. The survival of mankind is inseparable from nature.

A mountain, a water, a grass and a tree in nature have become the carriers of their thoughts and feelings in the eyes of literati. The lotus in Zhou Dunyi's works is the embodiment of noble sentiment, and the grass in Bai Juyi's heart "the wildfire is still burning, and the spring breeze is blowing high" is the embodiment of tenacious vitality. In Ma Zhiyuan's eyes, "old vines are faint, bridges are flowing" is a homesick heartbroken thing. In Gong Zizhen's poems, "falling red is not a heartless thing, but turning into spring mud to protect flowers" is the spiritual confession of selfless devotees ... "Petals flow down like tears.

Guiding students to appreciate nature and taste everything with poetic eyes and eyes full of * * * is a way to infiltrate traditional culture in Chinese teaching. The teaching of this kind of text can enrich its connotation with the help of multimedia and help students feel comfortable.

Music can be used to create a learning atmosphere and lead students into the artistic conception of poetry: for example, the teaching of Spring Tour in Qiantang River can choose the lively and smooth pipa music Spring and Snow; A note to a friend in the north on a rainy night can be accompanied by a soothing guzheng song "Three Lane of Plum Blossoms". Accompanied by beautiful classical music, students can feel the author's feelings naturally and easily.

You can also vividly reproduce the picture depicted in the poem through video: watching the sea can choose stormy waves as the background, and watching Yue can show the majestic Qinshan Mountain on the screen, so that students can understand the poem on the spot. With the application of multimedia, students can feel the author's emotion in "sound" and "color", and understand that nature is not only nature, but also can carry the literati's emotion, and become human emotion, culture and everyone's inner nature.

Then, the teacher can let the students know about the places of interest in their hometown, study the remains of historical celebrities in their hometown, explore the traditional culture behind the mountains and rivers in their hometown, and extend the textbook knowledge to their lives. The more students know about traditional culture, the richer the cultural connotation of nature in their eyes and the stronger their interest in nature.

Poetic landscapes will naturally enrich their empty hearts. 3. Excavate the essence of traditional culture in the works and build students' spiritual home. A good work must have excellent ideological content, which is the essence of traditional culture.

When explaining these articles, teachers should be good at excavating the ideological connotation of the works from the following aspects: 3. 1 Pay attention to the promotion of traditional virtues in ancient poetry. "Kong Rong Lirang Pear" teaches us how to be humble. "A threesome requires a teacher" and "I am humble, but I am virtuous" is the embodiment of Liu Yuxi's spiritual realm of pursuing spiritual enrichment rather than material enjoyment. In Chen Taiqiu and friendship, everyone knows how to be a trustworthy and polite person. ...

Dig into the virtues of characters in textbooks at any time, and unconsciously, they will be injected into students' hearts. 3.2 "Image" as an example to motivate students.

There are many excellent images in ancient poetry: Li Bai in Difficult Walk firmly believes that "one day, I will ride the wind and break the waves, and set my cloudy sail straight and bridge the deep, deep sea", and "An" in Autumn Wind Breaking the Cottage.

2. Classical Chinese and traditional culture First of all, learning classical Chinese is an important way to inherit the traditional culture of the motherland, which can help us understand some historical knowledge, literary knowledge and social life knowledge and enhance our ability to understand society and things.

Secondly, ancient Chinese is the basis of modern Chinese and the "source"; Modern Chinese is the inheritance and development of ancient Chinese, and it is a kind of "flow". They are different stages of the development of the same language, not two languages. Many words in classical Chinese are still preserved in modern Chinese. For example, Shen Fu, a writer in Qing Dynasty, is still using modern Chinese. Therefore, learning classical Chinese can enrich our language warehouse and improve our language level.

Classical Chinese is an ancient written language, but it comes from ancient spoken language, and modern Chinese also comes from ancient spoken language. The similarities between the two are primary and the differences are secondary, so it is not difficult to learn. We should have confidence in learning classical Chinese well.

How to learn classical Chinese well? The key to learning classical Chinese well is to cultivate a sense of language. There are "three elements" to cultivate a sense of language:

First of all, you must be familiar with reciting texts before you can be familiar with the expressions and language habits of classical Chinese. Reading aloud is a traditional learning method in China. As the saying goes, "read a book a hundred times and you will understand its meaning." Classical Chinese is concise and elegant, which is a good material for learning a language. Many great writers have profound language skills, which is due to their familiar reading and reciting of ancient Chinese. For example, when Ba Jin was 12 or 13 years old, he could recite China's ancient literary classics by heart, and Wu Han had already recited the Three Character Classics before he was 13 years old.

Second, we should use our own heart to understand, with the aim of integrating "speech" and "meaning" and knowing "meaning" by looking at "speech". How to do this? As mentioned above, classical Chinese and modern Chinese are in the same strain, and many words and meanings are interlinked. For example, the "period" in Chen Taiqiu and his friends means "agreement", which is consistent with the meaning of "period" in modern Chinese. For another example, the word "name" in "Can't tell a place" ("Kouji") is similar to the meaning of "name" in modern Chinese, and both mean "speaking". Only by understanding with your heart can you know what you are saying and what you mean, which is very important for learning classical Chinese.

Third, we should actively accumulate vocabulary in order to master the expression tools of classical Chinese. For example, the understanding of generic words, the understanding of the usage of function words such as "zhi", "qi" and "yi", and the ancient and modern changes in the meaning of words.

Learn and summarize, accumulate constantly, and you can master the law. Mastering the rules will make it much easier to learn classical Chinese well.

It is not difficult to learn classical Chinese. As long as we build up confidence, master the rules and step by step, we can achieve the goal stipulated in the curriculum standard, that is, we can read simple and easy classical Chinese.

3. Inherit traditional culture. Do you want to learn classical Chinese? Don't study blindly. Classical Chinese is the essence of Chinese. Classical Chinese is full of poetry, including rich and colorful emotional content and patriotic poems. At the same time, classical Chinese records many historical stories, and only by learning classical Chinese well can we be optimistic about traditional history. Make the past serve the present and take its essence.

Historically, people from generation to generation have tried to preserve traditional culture. Learning classical Chinese is a manifestation of inheriting traditional culture and enriching our cultural knowledge.

From the learning level, we accept classical Chinese and recite ancient poems in learning Chinese to learn the traditional culture of the ancients. While studying history, I also studied traditional culture. From the learning level, learning traditional culture is an indispensable part. I think learning traditional culture is something that every Chinese son and daughter must do. Our ancestors tried to pass on these ancient cultures from generation to generation. Every time we see the crystallization of these cultures, we will inevitably think of the ethos and strong customs of that era.

4. What are the main points of classical Chinese writing? As the carrier of traditional culture, classical Chinese has played an important role in promoting national inheritance and carrying forward traditional culture. However, at present, there is a single and passive phenomenon in the way of Chinese students learning classical Chinese. Students lack the opportunity and ability of independent exploration, cooperative learning and independent acquisition of knowledge, which leads to difficulties in the learning process. How can we talk about the beauty of reading classical Chinese? At present, the new curriculum puts forward higher requirements for students' reading of classical Chinese, emphasizing that in the process of Chinese teaching, students should "know the richness and broadness of Chinese culture and absorb the wisdom of national culture". Therefore, it is really urgent to let students contact classical Chinese from junior high school, stimulate their interest in learning classical Chinese and improve their enthusiasm and autonomy in learning. Faced with this situation, what strategies can be adopted to meet the needs of "autonomous" learning? \x0d 1。 Pay attention to reading aloud, perceive the text, and change passive acceptance into active learning. \x0d "Chinese Curriculum Standard" requires that reading teaching in each learning period should attach importance to reading aloud: through reading aloud, students can directly and truly perceive the content of the text and understand the author's thoughts and feelings, which is an effective way to change students' learning from passive acceptance to active discovery. The seventh grade students first came into contact with classical Chinese in the first unit. They have some difficulties in implementing the meaning of words, phrases and sentences in the text, so it is particularly important for students to perceive the whole content of the text without literary translation and understand classical Chinese through repeated reading. In teaching design, teachers' analysis and explanation are no longer used to replace students' independent perception of the text, but reading aloud is regarded as an important means for students to learn and understand. According to the students' situation, the teaching level of classical Chinese reading is designed, and different requirements are put forward for each reading, so that the main problems such as emotional theme can be solved through reading, thus improving students' overall perception of the article. \x0d For example, Teaching Children Fun (the first volume of the seventh grade of People's Education Edition) can be designed as follows: \x0d 1 Reading: students are required to read the text freely, and they are required to know the glyphs and pronounce correctly. For example, the events are (Wei), (Jiang) and (He). X0d3 Reading: Students read the text together and think about the author's childlike interest. Students look for sentences that express childlike interest, and then the teacher guides them to implement the meaning of classical Chinese. \x0d4 Reading: Retell the contents of two pictures in the text in your own words. \x0d5 Reading: Look at the blackboard and try to describe the contents of these two pictures with sentences from the text. At this time, students can recite in class. It can be said that the most basic way to learn classical Chinese is reading. The emphasis is on reading, but the difficulty is also reading. However, we should pay attention to the changes in reading, so that students can use the strategy of group reading through initial perception, aesthetic reading comprehension, reading evaluation and learning comprehension, and finally achieve the effect of "seeing what they mean". Take reading as the starting point of learning classical Chinese, understand the text through reading, combine your own experience and background, and the openness of the reading materials themselves, so that students are interested in reading. Different students will make different interpretations of the text. Because they read the text clearly and think deeply, they will have the impulse to talk and communicate with others, and autonomous learning will naturally come. \x0d Second, provide a platform for interaction and cooperation, so that the awareness of autonomous learning can be maintained for a long time. \x0d The new syllabus and new curriculum reform require respect for students' individual differences, attention to students' personality development and permission to learn. Therefore, in the teaching process, teachers must avoid "concentrated learning" and carefully organize learning activities to provide students with an interactive learning platform. Through student-student cooperation, teacher-student cooperation, deskmate cooperation, group cooperation and class cooperation, every student's interest in learning and active participation can be maintained for a long time. In the specific classroom operation, we can use questioning-independent thinking-group discussion-representative speech to achieve *. X0d Third, expand reading and strengthen students' interest in reading extracurricular classical Chinese. \x0d 1。 Accumulate some ancient literary phenomena and historical knowledge. \x0d Ancient cultural phenomena refer to ancient etiquette (utensils, tools, customs, names, place names, etc. ), such as "looking at history" (debate) in "looking at history". These words are ancient cultural phenomena. For example, the story of Yueyang Tower can understand why Fan Zhongyan wrote the words "Let the government be harmonious and let everything prosper" before rebuilding Yueyang Tower. If students don't have basic historical knowledge, it is difficult to understand Fan Zhongyan's "difficulties", so it is particularly important to supplement this knowledge in class. \x0d2。 Pay attention to the effective cohesion of ancient and modern meanings. X0d We can use modern Chinese to help students better grasp the meaning of classical Chinese. For example, we can talk about ancient Chinese knowledge in combination with students' favorite idioms: the word "fake" in "Preface to Dongyang" is translated into "borrow", and we can contact "Smith" to deepen students' impression. \x0d3。 Pay attention to the cultivation of knowledge transfer ability. \ x0d3 Students should get. It is far from enough to rely on a few classical Chinese exercises in the textbook in class, so teachers should encourage students to read classical Chinese after class on the one hand, and let them do some classical Chinese exercises with appropriate difficulty related to the text on the other hand, so as to get twice the result with half the effort. \x0d4。 There are many ways to improve the reading level of classical Chinese through writing. \ X0d can guide students to write "classical Chinese", give them certain materials, and let them express themselves in the form of classical Chinese. They don't pay attention to how clever the writing is, but only ask them to use the classical Chinese vocabulary they learned at school as much as possible. For another example, students are required to graft the artistic conception of ancient Chinese into the familiar reality in modern language, and organically link ancient Chinese with modern Chinese to realize the transformation of life.