1950 and 1953 respectively, what reforms did China carry out in agriculture?

1950 to 1952 is the period of land reform. 1950 In June, the Central People's Government Committee passed and promulgated the Land Reform Law of the People's Republic of China, which was formulated under the auspices of Liu Shaoqi and submitted to the government after discussion at the Third Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. It clearly stated: "Abolish the land ownership exploited by the landlord class and implement the land ownership of farmers, so as to liberate rural productive forces, develop agricultural production and open the way for the industrialization of new China. The general line of land reform is to rely on poor peasants and farm labourers, unite with middle peasants and be neutral with rich peasants, gradually eliminate the feudal exploitation system and develop agricultural production. " The land reform law is a new policy based on summing up the experience and lessons of previous land reforms and adapting to the new situation after the founding of New China. It has become the basic legal basis for guiding land reform. Since then, a vigorous land reform movement has begun in the newly liberated areas with a population of 310 million. From the winter of 1950 to the end of 1952, about 700 million mu of land was distributed to 300 million farmers nationwide, which exempted them from paying 70 billion Jin of land rent to landlords every year in the past, and basically completed the land reform task except Xinjiang, Tibet and other ethnic minority areas and Taiwan Province Province.

1953 began agricultural cooperation. 1953 65438+February, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made the Resolution on Developing Agricultural Production Cooperatives, which pointed out: "After simple temporary mutual aid groups with the same work and perennial mutual aid groups with a certain division of labor and a small amount of public property on the basis of the same work, there will be more. This development path from the seeds of socialism to more socialist factors to the completion of socialist cooperation is the road pointed out by our party to gradually realize the socialist transformation of agriculture. " By the end of 1956, China had completed the socialist transformation of agriculture, and 500 million farmers embarked on the socialist road.