What are the advantages and disadvantages of railway transportation? Thanks for telling the answer.

1 The advantages of railway transportation are:

(1) runs very fast, usually at 80 to 120 kilometers per hour.

(2) Large transportation capacity. Generally, each passenger train can carry about 1.800 passengers, freight trains can carry 2,000 ~ 3,500 tons, and heavy-duty trains can carry more than 20,000 tons. The annual maximum cargo transport capacity of single track and one-way track is 6.5438+0.8 million tons, and that of double track is 55 million tons; In countries with good operation organization, the maximum annual cargo transportation capacity of single-track one-way is 40 million tons, and the maximum annual cargo transportation capacity of double-track one-way is more than1000 million tons.

(3) The railway transportation process is less limited by natural conditions and has strong continuity, which can ensure the annual operation.

(4) Good comprehensive performance, which can transport passengers and different kinds of goods.

(5) The arrival and departure time of train passenger and freight transportation is accurate.

(6) The train runs smoothly, safely and reliably.

(7) The average transportation distance is 25 times that of highway transportation, 1. 15 times that of pipeline transportation, but less than half of that of waterway transportation and 1/3 of that of civil aviation transportation.

(8) The railway transportation cost is relatively low, 198 1. China's railway transportation cost is11~117 of automobile transportation cost and 1/97 ~ 65438 of civil aviation transportation cost respectively.

(9) The energy consumption is relatively low. The standard fuel consumption per thousand tons/km of automobile transportation is11~115, and that of civil aviation transportation is1174, but these two indicators are higher than those of coastal and inland transportation.

2 The disadvantages of railway transportation are:

(1) The investment is too high. The cost per kilometer of single-track railway is between1-3 million yuan, and that of double-track railway is between 4 million yuan and 5 million yuan.

(2) The construction period is long, and a trunk line will be built in 5 ~ 10 years. Moreover, occupying too much land will increase the burden on society with the growth of population. Therefore, considering comprehensively, the railway is suitable for transporting general goods and special goods with long distance, large capacity, strong timeliness and high reliability requirements in inland areas; Judging from the investment effect, it is more reasonable to build railways between areas with relatively large traffic volume.

Extended data:

Railway transportation safety can control the loss of people or things in the process of railway transportation production at an acceptable level, that is, the possibility of people or things suffering losses is acceptable. If this possibility is beyond the acceptable range, it is unsafe.

Railway transportation safety is accompanied by the production process. As long as there are transportation and production activities, there will be safety problems. However, safety is the premise and guarantee of production, and normal and orderly production is inseparable from the safe operation and management of the system. Therefore, in the process of railway transportation production, we must correctly handle the contradiction between safety, efficiency and benefit.

The key to railway transportation safety is management. Railway is like a large-scale linkage machine, and its transportation production process is a multi-link operation process composed of vehicles, machinery, engineering, electricity, vehicles and other types of work, involving a large number and variety of equipment, deepening equipment layout, and independent dispersion of operators, which makes the coordination of each type of work and each link inseparable from strict and effective management. In addition, although the unsafe behavior of people and the unsafe state of things are often the direct causes of accidents, management seems to be an indirect cause, but tracing back to the source is indeed the fundamental and essential reason.

In the case of abnormal equipment or human error, the time available for correcting and avoiding accidents is very short, and the available emergency modes are limited. In addition, the cost of railway lines, rolling stock and other hard equipment is very high, and trains carry a large number of passengers and goods. Accidents not only cause huge property losses, casualties and environmental damage, but also affect the road network, disrupt the transportation order and affect the overall situation of social production and transportation due to traffic interruption.

More importantly, the railway has no ownership and control over its transport objects-passengers and goods, but only provides necessary transport services, so the accident losses involve a wide range of social factors, which will greatly damage the image of the railway and even the prestige of the government, and its social impact is immeasurable.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-railway transportation