What are the customs of Tujia people? What are the unique customs?

Tujia people are hospitable. "A passerby stays at home with no food and no shortage of people." . In the past, when distinguished guests arrived, they were greeted by iron cannons. The firecracker-sized iron cannon stood on the iron box and shook the earth. If there is no iron cannon at the moment, you can also launch a shotgun to welcome. Hearing the gunshots, the old people, young people and children in the village came out to meet the distinguished guests. The host immediately made tea, wrapped cigarettes and made camellia soup. At the dinner table, drink a big bowl of wine and eat large pieces of meat. At the same time, please ask the old people or leading figures in the village to accompany the guests with lanterns. Tujia oil tea soup is very delicate. First, stir-fry tea leaves, vermicelli, soybeans and other things, and add cooked bacon, tofu and corn. Then add seasonings such as chopped green onion and ginger rice, and add boiled oil soup. The taste is fragrant and refreshing: tea soup can warm the body in winter, relieve summer heat, refresh the mind, relieve hunger and sober up. Many people drink it every day. It is a traditional national drink for Tujia people to entertain guests. The fire in Tujia fireplace will not go out in four seasons. In winter, around the pond to keep warm, cooking generally uses pots and pans. Tujia people in the Cape of Good Hope in Tianfu are hardworking and simple, and have the habit of going out early and returning late from spring to late autumn. They are generous, honest and trustworthy, and they have good morals. Relatives and neighbors, in case of marriage and funeral, building houses, natural disasters and man-made disasters, take care of each other and help each other. When it comes to getting married, the whole village can congratulate each other for three days, help pay homage, give gifts, decorate the new house, cook and take care of the guests. Meeting for nothing, listening to the funeral report, the whole village came to help arrange during the day, jumping around at the funeral vigil at night, until the funeral went to dig a grave and bury it, all of which should be their own business. When the house was built, beams and columns were put on, and the village was dispatched. No one collected a penny. During the busy farming season, we cut wheat, plant seedlings, thresh grains and improve fields. For poor households, everyone actively helps each other, and the host family only provides food and drink. When we collect the grain, we will finish one and then go to two. We will help each other for free. We have been used to each other for thousands of years. When hunting in the mountains, the prey is distributed according to the principle of "whoever sees it has a share". When distributing, first count the number of people present, then cut the animal meat into several pieces according to the number of people, put on the brown rope, put it in the basket, cover it, and the brown rope end will be exposed. A man carries a basket on his back and turns it around several times. Everyone present grabbed a palm rope and put forward animal meat, good or bad, with no opinion. When the fruit is ripe, passers-by can also pick it at will. These all retain the traces of the original distribution. Qianjiang is a multi-ethnic community, with 13 ethnic minorities. Tujia and Miao people living here account for more than half of the total population. Due to the mutual blending of various ethnic groups, long-term economic and cultural exchanges, customs, language learning, * * * progress and * * * development, the unique history of civilization here has been created. Walking into Tujia Miao Village, under Cuizhuling and among the ancient trees, you can see the stockade, which is quiet and mysterious. After entering the diaojiao building, the host warmly presented the fragrant and refreshing oil tea soup, which was warm in winter and cool in summer, making people feel tired. If you encounter "mourning" and "mourning", you can appreciate the love, marriage and life and death views of Tujia and Miao people. Tujia festivals such as "Catch the New Year" and "April 8th", and Miao festivals such as "Catch the Autumn" are even more spectacular, with a warm atmosphere and quite archaic. Tujia and Miao villages are rich in folk culture and folk art, and Tujia's waving dance, bell dance, Miao's Lusheng and wooden drum dance have long enjoyed a good reputation. Tujia embroidery and Miao batik are necessary. Tujia and Miao villages are a sea of songs. Everyone can sing anywhere, and the ocean of songs and folk songs is full of feelings. There are "Errenzhuan", "folk songs" and "grass gongs and drums", which are vivid in image, harmonious in sound and rhyme, sincere in feelings, beautiful and pleasant, and smell as sweet as spring breeze. On the wedding day when a man marries a woman and marries a Tujia girl, he is greeted with crying. The bride cried for more than half a month before the wedding, and some cried for more than a month. Tujia people also regard whether they can sing wedding songs as a sign to measure women's intelligence and virtue. The bride sings a song to every relative in the family, and one relative sings another; When you meet a stranger, you have to sing. You have to sing everything. Weeping songs include Weeping to Marry Parents, Weeping to Marry Brothers and Sisters, Weeping to Marry Uncle, Weeping to Marry Sister, Weeping to Marry Matchmaker, Weeping to Wear Flowers, Weeping to Marry to Leave Mom and Dad, Weeping to Marry to Leave Ancestors, Weeping to Marry to a Sedan, etc. Weeping marriage stems from women's lack of freedom in marriage. In the past, Tujia people had several marriage customs: First, "any aunt's daughter should marry her uncle's son", which was called "bonesetting". "No matter the size of the place, there are girls who are more than ten years old. They must wait for their uncle's son to get married." "Brother dies and picks up his sister-in-law, which is called" sitting on the bed ". The second is purely male choice. No matter which woman, as long as the man takes a fancy to it, buying a string of firecrackers at her door is an engagement, and no one can object to it. If a woman is engaged by several men, she will be at a loss. On the other hand, the man tried his best to deny marriage, and even destroyed his marriage enemies, thus endangering the safety of female guests. The third is to rob relatives, so-called "robbed". The fourth is the child bride, so-called "attracted". In the past, the fate of Tujia girls was tragic. They accused the evil marriage system with the song of weeping marriage. They "scold the matchmaker": if you want to wear shoes as a matchmaker, birds in the tree can fool you. You, the matchmaker, wanted to drink, and all the monkeys on the mountain were coaxed away. ..... a few sweet words, don't worry about money. Like my greedy dog, the master ate the west and left. ..... "Weeping Wedding Song" has both traditional lyrics and improvisation. Mainly expressed the following emotions: First, thanks to my parents' kindness, red flowers are blooming, and my parents' concern for me is in vain. One foot and five inches tall, I have carried many mountains and depressions. The second is to express the feelings of parting for relatives, such as expressing the expectation of elder sister-in-law, putting on a wedding dress and leaving elder sister-in-law, falling like a fallen leaf, like the wind breaking the line, like an oil lamp wick. Flowers are red, Ye Er is green, and only elder brother and sister-in-law are most worried. Brother and sister parted ways today, and you honor your parents in front of the court. The third is the resistance to feudal marriage and the pursuit of freedom of marriage. The thumb was pointed, and the mother took her daughter out. The thumb was neat and neat, and the father kicked her out. When a jar is full of human heads, the living carry it to the pit of the dead, step into the palace of hell with their left feet and step into the mud pit with their right feet. The closer we get to the wedding day, the sadder we cry. I cried myself hoarse before getting on the sedan chair. When her brother carried her out of the door, she slapped him on the back with her other hand: Brother, brother, why are you so cruel and carry me to the fire pit? Why do you want to help others? You put me on the back of the rock and turned me into a bird, flying to the endless horizon; You took me to the deep pool and threw me down. Let me become a fish and swim to the boundless sea! How strong and sincere the feelings are! They are crying to express their pursuit of free marriage and yearning for happiness! Today, marriage is free. Tujia girls in the Cape of Good Hope in Tianfu still have to cry when they get married. Now the crying wedding is just a ceremony.

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