History of Management｜Classical Management Theory-Taylor's Scientific Management Theory

Taylor, at the beginning of the 20th century, pioneered a new system of business management based on traditional management, which was adopted by many enterprises in capitalist countries at that time and was called scientific management.

Taylor was obsessed with scientific investigation, research and experimentation, and he strongly wanted to follow the laws of objective facts to improve and reform.

Publications: Piecework Wages, Workshop Management, Principles of Scientific Management

Experiments: Experiments in handling iron blocks, shoveling iron sand and coal

Biography: Strong personality and active thinking, with a strong sense of responsibility, treating work as a pleasure, and believing that work is more meaningful than pleasure. Serious, but full of sympathy for people and sense of humor, his upright character, won the respect of workers, extreme enthusiasm also moved workers. But during his later years he lost friends and was misunderstood, and it was thought that the management methods he proposed were used to suppress the workers. This view was very unfair to him because his whole life was dedicated to serving the workers diligently.

1. The main reason for the growing conflict between employers and employees is the under-utilization of social resources

2. The basic assumption is that of an "economic man" who is willing to cooperate with managers in tapping the maximum potential of the workers themselves

3. Scientific management is an effective way of making individuals more efficient

1. Principle of Operations Research

2. Principle of Time Research

1. Efficiency is paramount

2. "Do whatever it takes" for efficiency

3.

2. Selection and training of workers (changing the situation in the past when workers chose the work)

3. Collaboration with workers to ensure that the work is done according to scientific principles

4. Division of labor (changing the phenomenon in the past when all the work and most of the duties were shifted to the workers)

1. Principle of work quota

2. New system of incentives

3. Functions Foreman System

4. Big Pie Principle

5. Principle of Exception

1. The core is to increase productivity

2. **** the same affluence

3. Scientific Knowledge Instead of Individual Experience

4. The Revolution in the Way of Thinking

1. Caused sharp contradiction between the labor and management

2. Small scope of research and Narrow content, focusing on production management, not widely applied

3. Use of the economic man assumption, that is, only concerned about improving their income, management does not take into account the characteristics of human nature, all the work is standardized, and people are trained to become physical machines.

Taylor's scientific management theory cases of application:

Ford Motor Company used the Gantt chart table for planning and control, created the world's first automobile production line, the realization of the mechanization of large-scale industrial production, a substantial increase in labor productivity, the emergence of a high-efficiency, low-cost, high-wage, high-profit situation.