What are the scientific and technological achievements in China?

Important scientific and technological achievements in ancient China include painting, jade carving, sericulture, silk reeling, block molding, bamboo cultivation, tea tree cultivation, pig iron-based iron and steel smelting technology, branch cultivation (ridge cultivation), bronze crossbow machine, stacking casting, acupuncture, papermaking, chest belt transmission, greenhouse cultivation, jacquard machine, compass and water chestnut. Compass (compass), well drilling (deep well drilling and salt pumping), movable type printing, water transport instrument, double-acting piston bellows, windmill, rocket, utensils (tubular firearms), human pox inoculation, etc.

1, iron and steel smelting technology based on pig iron

The artificial iron products originally used in China were also ironmaking products, but the pig iron smelting technology was invented very early and immediately occupied the mainstream position. The earliest known pig iron products are white cast iron fragments unearthed in Tianma-Qucun, Yuanqu, Shanxi Province in the early and middle Spring and Autumn Period (about 8th-7th century BC). At the latest in the 6th century BC, pig iron smelting technology had developed on a large scale, and more pig iron products appeared in Shanxi, Shaanxi and Henan in the middle reaches of the Yellow River and Wu Chu in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

Step 2 make paper

China had papermaking in the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC), and Cai Lun improved papermaking in the first year of Yuan Xing in the Eastern Han Dynasty (105). Paper made from bark, hemp head, cloth, fishing net and other raw materials through crushing, mashing, frying and baking is the origin of modern paper.

3. Compass car

Also known as South Locomotive, it is a device used to indicate the direction in ancient China. It is different from a compass in that it uses geomagnetic effect, and it does not use magnetic force. The compass is a simple mechanical device that uses gear transmission to indicate the direction.

4. Seismograph

Seismograph is a masterpiece created by Zhang Heng, a scientist of Han and Eastern Han Dynasties in China. Seismographs have eight directions, namely, east, south, west, north, southeast, southwest, northeast and northwest. There is a faucet with a dragon ball in each direction, and there is a toad under each faucet. If there is an earthquake on both sides, the dragon ball in the longkou in that direction will fall into the toad's mouth, so that the direction of the earthquake can be measured.

5. Rollover (Dragon Bone Car)

Dragon bone car, that is, rollover, is a mechanical water lifting tool created by working people in Han Dynasty. This is a wooden waterwheel. The wooden boards with water are connected with wooden tenons or circled to scoop water, which is mostly rotated by human or animal power. It was first recorded in the biography of Zhang Rang in the Later Han Dynasty: When the Emperor was offered by the Han Dynasty, Bilan "overturned his car, thirsty for Wu, applied it to the west of the bridge and sprinkled it on the road in the southern suburbs and northern suburbs". Many people think it is the improvement of the three kingdoms horse army.