About the history of the Li surname

During the pre-Qin period, the activities of the Li surname started from Henan Province, and by the end of the Warring States period, the Li surname had expanded to Shanxi, Hebei, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Hubei and other places.

The period of Qin and Han was an important stage for the Li surname to migrate to different places. When Emperor Qin Shihuang pacified South Vietnam and Xioou, the Li surname began to enter the two Guangdong areas. The descendants of Li Er entered Gansu and developed into the prestigious family of Li surname in Longxi, and those who lived in Hebei became the famous family of Li surname in Zhao County.

East to Shandong, southeast to Gan, Zhejiang and Suzhou, south of the South China Sea and the Gulf of Tonkin. Tang Dynasty is the heyday of the Li surname, Longxi Li dynasty passed 19 emperors, lasted 289 years, the Li surname noble as the national surname, all over the Li's royal relatives, the Li surname population rapidly expanding.

The Tang Dynasty, the Li family name began to enter a large number of Fujian and Hainan. During the Ming Dynasty, the Li family name entered into Taiwan. 600 years, the degree and direction of the Li family name population flow with the Song, Yuan, Ming period has a great difference.

In particular, the return migration from the east to central and northern China has been greater than the migration from the north to the southeast, while the migration to the southwest and northeast has become an important direction of flow.

The Tang Dynasty was a period of dramatic expansion of the Li community, Zhao County Li, Longxi Li, given the surname Li, the descendants of the Tang royal family, many dignitaries, polygamous life, so that the Li thrived, at that time has become the country's major surnames.

But with the change of government, in the Tang Dynasty, that is, there are many Li characters deported to the south, and many people fled to the country to save from the scourge, so that the Li surname throughout the country.

After the Tang Dynasty, for a variety of reasons, the Li family name is more frequent, more widely distributed. Among them, the larger number of migrants was the southward migration in the Song Dynasty during the "Jingkang Rebellion".

The regime change at the end of the Yuan and early Ming Dynasty, as well as the Ming Dynasty's "war of pacification", the main battlefield in western Shandong, Hebei, Henan, part of the northern part of the region, the migration of decades, the people are not satisfied, resulting in the people to flow on the food, scattered to escape, resulting in the nine empty rooms.

After the Ming court stabilized its power, it carried out a large-scale migration of people from the Pingyang and Taiyuan areas of Shanxi (the genealogy of the Li family compound, the richest of the Jin merchants, confirms the affluence and stability of the area) to the barren areas of northern China (as evidenced by the "Record of Ming Scholarships," and the genealogy of the Li family in Yangquan).

Li's migration to overseas, began in the early Ming Dynasty, went to the Ryukyu Kingdom are Fujian people, settled in the present-day Okinawa Island, Naha City, near the outskirts of the Kume Village area. At the end of the Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, Sichuan after years of war, Kangxi seven years (1668), Sichuan governor Zhang De petitioned the court.

Requested the court to mobilize the national migration to Sichuan, Sichuan Li surname more from the Lake Canton Baoqingfu and other places to move, the formation of the "Lake Canton fill Sichuan". Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China period, the Li clan migrated overseas more.

Extended information:

Historical celebrities with the surname of Li:

1, Li Shi

Li Si (ca. 284 BC - 208 BC), was a member of the Li family. -208 B.C.), Li, the name of the Li family, the name of Si, the word Tonggu. At the end of the Warring States period, he was a native of Shangcai in the State of Chu (present-day Li Si Lou Village, Lugang Township, Shangcai County, Zhumadian City, Henan Province). He was a famous politician, writer and calligrapher in the Qin Dynasty.

Li Si was a petty official of the county in his early years, then he learned the art of empire from Xunzi, and entered the Qin Dynasty upon completion of his studies. At first, he was appointed by Lu Buwei as a minister. Afterwards, he persuaded the king of Qin to destroy the lords and become an emperor, and was appointed as the chief historian. The king of Qin adopted Xunzi's plan and sent his strategists to travel to the six eastern states of China with gold and jade.

The king of Qin adopted his plan and sent his strategist to travel to the six countries in the east of Guan Dong with gold and jade, and then he was appointed as a guest minister. In the 10th year of Qin's reign (237 BC), the king ordered the expulsion of the ministers of the six kingdoms due to the entry of the Korean spy Zheng into Qin. Li Si's "Letter of Remonstrance against the Expulsion of the Guests" prevented the expulsion, which was accepted by the king of Qin, and he was soon made a court captain.

Li Si played a large role in the Qin king's destruction of the six kingdoms. After the unification of Qin, he agreed with Wang ò and Feng Jiá to honor Qin Wangzheng as emperor and formulated the relevant ceremonial system. He was appointed prime minister. He suggested dismantling the walls of counties and destroying civilian weapons.

Against the feudal system, he insisted on the county system; he also advocated the burning of the private collection of Poetry, the Book and other hundred languages, and the banning of private schools, in order to strengthen the centralized rule.

He also participated in the formulation of laws to unify the system of carriages, writing, weights and measures. The implementation of Li Si's political ideas had a profound impact on China and the world, laying down the basic pattern of China's political system for more than 2,000 years.

2. Li Guang

Li Guang (李广? -119 BC), ethnic Chinese, native of Chengji, Longxi (present-day Qin'an County, Tianshui, Gansu Province), was a famous general during the Western Han Dynasty of China, whose ancestor was Li Xin, a famous general of the Qin Dynasty. In the 14th year of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty (166 BC), he was awarded the title of Zhonglang (中郎) for his achievements in fighting against the Xiong Nu (匈奴).

During the reign of Emperor Jingdi, he served as governor of seven counties in the northern border area. When Emperor Wu ascended to the throne, he was summoned to be the captain of the Weiyang Palace. In the sixth year of Yuan Guang's reign (129 years ago), he was appointed General of the Snapdragon, and led more than 10,000 riders to attack the Xiong Nu in Yanmen (now south of Yuyu, Shanxi Province), but he was wounded and captured because of the huge gap between the two sides.

The Xiongnu soldiers laid him down between two horses, and Li Guang feigned death, then took advantage of the gap to jump up on the way and galloped back. Later, he became the governor of Beiping County (Pinggang County, southwest of Ningcheng, Inner Mongolia). The Xiong Nu was afraid to obey, and called him the Flying General, and did not dare to come to attack for several years.

In the fourth year of Yuanhari (119 years ago), in the battle of Desert North, Li Guang served as a former general, but because he lost his way and failed to participate in the battle, he committed suicide in anger and shame. Sima Qian commented that he was a peach and a plum.

The Tang Emperor Dezong enshrined Li Guang and 64 other famous generals with outstanding martial arts achievements in the Temple of King Wucheng, which was called the Temple of King Wucheng, 64 Generals. During the reign of Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty, Li Guang was honored as Huairou Bo, one of the seventy-two generals in the Temple of King Wucheng of Song Dynasty.

3, Li Mi

Li Mi (224-287), the word Lingbo, a Piety, Gandhara Wuyang (now Sichuan Pengshan). He lost his father at an early age, and his mother, He, remarried and was raised by his grandmother. Later, Li Mi became famous for his filial piety and respect for his grandmother.

Li Mi studied under the famous scholar Qiao Zhou and learned the Five Classics, especially the Spring and Autumn Period and the Left Biography. He was first appointed as a minister in Shu Han. After the death of Shu Han, Emperor Wu of Jin called for the Crown Prince to wash the horse, Li Mi resigned because of his grandmother's old age and illness, and no one to support him. He served as a magistrate of Wen County and a governor of Hanzhong. Later, he was removed from his post and died at home.

4, Li Shimin

Li Shimin (January 28, 598 - July 10, 649), or Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty (reigned 626-649), born in Wugong Bieguan (present-day Wugong, Shaanxi Province), was the second son of Li Yuan, the first emperor of the Tang Dynasty, and Empress Dou Huang, the second emperor of the Tang Dynasty.

Outstanding statesman, strategist, militarist, and poet. Li Shimin joined the army as a young man and once went to Yanmen Pass to rescue Emperor Yang of Sui. After the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, he served as the Minister of the Shangshu and the Right Wuhu General, and was appointed as the Duke of Qin, and later promoted to be the King of Qin.

He successively led his troops to pacify warlords such as Xue Rengao, Liu Wuzhou, Dou Jiande and Wang Shichong. On the fourth day of the sixth month of the ninth year of the Wude era (July 2, 626), Li Shimin launched the "Xuanwumen Incident" and was made the crown prince. After the abdication of Tang Emperor Li Yuan, Li Shimin assumed the throne and changed his name to Zhengguan (贞观).

During his reign, Li Shimin actively listened to the opinions of his ministers, and internally he ruled the world through the written word, accepting advice with an open mind, practicing economy, and advising on agriculture and mulberry cultivation, so as to enable the people to rest and recuperate, and the country prospered and the people were at peace, thus creating the reign of Zhenguan (贞观).

Externally, he opened up new territories, conquered East Turkestan and Xueyantuo, conquered Gaochang, Guzi and Tuguhun, created Goguryeo, and set up the four towns of Anxi, so that all ethnic groups could live together in harmony, and he was honored by the people of all ethnic groups as "Tiankang Khan", laying an important foundation for the Tang Dynasty.

The twenty-third year of Zhenguan May Fifth (July 10, 649), Li Shimin died of illness in the Hall of the Wind at the age of fifty-two years old, reigned for twenty-three years, the temple name of Emperor Taizong, buried in the mausoleum of the Zhaoling. Li Shimin loved literature and calligraphy, and his poems and ink treasures have been handed down to the world.

5, Li Longji

Tang Xuanzong Li Longji (September 8, 685 - May 3, 762), the grandson of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty and Wu Zetian, the third son of Emperor Ruizong of the Tang Dynasty, also known as Li Sanlang, his mother, Dou De Fei.?

Reigning from the first year of the First Emperor's reign (712) to the fifteenth year of Tianbao's reign (756), he abdicated as Emperor Taishang as a result of the Anshi Rebellion, making him the longest-reigning emperor of the Tang Dynasty, and also the emperor of the Tang Dynasty during its most prosperous period.

Li Longji was born in Luoyang, the eastern capital of the Tang Dynasty, in August of the first year of his reign (685). He was a wise and resolute man, and a man of many talents. He was well versed in music and had a majestic and handsome instrument. He was first crowned King of Chu, then crowned King of Linzi, and was successively appointed as the junior secretary of the Weiwei, and the Buyei of Luzhou (present-day Changzhi, Shanxi Province).

Tang Longyuan year (710 years) June gengzi day shen time, Li Longji and Princess Taiping launched a "Tang Long coup", killing Wei group. In the first year of the Xiantian era (712), Li Dan was succeeded by Li Longji, who ascended to the throne in Chang'an's Taiji Palace.

Tang Xuanzong was politically active in the early part of his reign. He was diligent in politics and took measures in all aspects to consolidate and develop the power of the Tang Dynasty. Tang Xuanzong paid attention to rectifying the situation, appointed Yao Chong, Song Jing and other wise ministers, and tried to govern with vigor.

The Tang Dynasty was in its prime - the Kaiyuan period (开元盛世). However, in the latter part of his reign, he gradually neglected the government, favored the treacherous ministers Li Linfu and Yang Guozhong, and favored Yang Guifei, coupled with policy blunders and the reuse of An Lushan and other ethnic groups from outside the country in an attempt to stabilize the Tang dynasty's borders.

The result was the eight-year-long Anshi Rebellion, which set the stage for the decline of the Tang Dynasty. In the fifteenth year of Tianbao (756), Crown Prince Li Heng assumed the throne and was honored as the Supreme Emperor. In the first year of Baoying (762), he died at the age of 78 at the Palace of the Dragon in Chang'an, and was buried at Jinsu Mountain, named Taileung.

Temple name Xuanzong, but also because of his posthumous title to the Dao Da Sheng Da Ming Xiao Emperor, the Qing Dynasty to avoid the name of the Kangxi Emperor Xuan Ye, more known as Tang Ming Huang, and another honorary title of the Kaiyuan Shengwen Shenwu Emperor.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Li Surname