Container development trend on the impact of modern logistics

Container development trend on the impact of modern logistics

International container transport market after half a century of development has matured, with the initial formation of the pattern of economic globalization, the future of container transport market will be the following development trend.

The volume of freight will still grow at a high rate

At present, the proportion of bulk and general cargo containerization on the main international routes has reached a considerable height, 1.5 to 20,000 tons of bulk and general cargo ships have basically been eliminated, while the full container fleet is growing rapidly. Although now the proportion of containerization has been very high, limited space for upward mobility, and the future development trend of commodities are light, thin, small will make the volume of the elasticity coefficient is reduced, but with the growth of international trade, the growth rate of trade volume will be higher than the growth rate of the economy, so the total amount of suitable for the box of goods will not be reduced. In addition, the use of containers is rapidly expanding, such as in refrigerated cargo transportation, refrigerated containers have replaced the dominant position of the refrigerated ship, and the proportion is still expanding; liquid chemical raw materials, the proportion of tank containers are rising; some of the traditional bulk or bare cargo, food, square wood, etc. has begun to use container transportation; car special containers have also been launched. These will stimulate the rapid growth of containerized traffic.

Ships large-scale capacity to further growth

Currently, the international container transport market capacity supply the biggest feature, is many large container liner companies competing to order super-Panamax container ships. From the delivery of new ships in recent years, in 2000 reached 52.4 million TEU, in 2001 about 55.8 million TEU (for the highest level in history), this year will still be in the peak delivery. In these new shipbuilding, there are 69 *** count 39.4 million TEU of ultra-Panamax ships in 2000 to 2002 delivery, such as Maersk Sea and Land and Ironbound Jagdish more than 6,000 TEU of the full container ship has begun to put into operation, these new ships are more than 24 knots of speed, before and after the 80's container ship speed increased by about 5 knots. The current construction of 1.2 million ~ 1.5 million TEU full container ship design program has been launched, the construction of technical barriers are basically eliminated, "giant" type container ship is about to come out.

Liner companies will enter a new phase of the joint

In the late 20th century swept the global liner industry, the joint wave in the new century will continue to develop. There are two types of liner company alliances, one of which does not involve capital, such as joint routes, box space mutual rental, terminal **** use. The other is a capital-based union, such as mergers and acquisitions. Although the former type of joint more, but by

Involving no capital, but will be due to the product **** strengthened to a certain extent, intensified competition, and this kind of joint and can not reduce the institutions and personnel, it is difficult to obtain the scale advantage, and capital as a link to the joint can be overcome the above drawbacks.

More attention is paid to the parent company of Denmark Maersk - Muller Group contributed 800 million U.S. dollars to the acquisition of the United States SeaLand, the acquisition of the formation of the Maersk SeaLand, is a container ship with 250, the box as high as 550,000 TEU (accounting for 11% of the global container fleet) of the giant shipping company. Maersk and sea and land company after years of practice to realize that the capital as a link between the joint is the real joint. Based on this, some experts even believe that the near future, the international container shipping market will be monopolized by a few oligopolies.

Liner companies involved in port development logistics

In the new century, the liner companies will continue to third-party logistics provider transformation, and accelerate the transformation process. As large liner companies are almost all global carriers with branches on several continents, it is very convenient to organize logistics operations locally. Moreover, liner transportation is the link in the logistics chain in the circulation of the longest time, the highest cost of a link, its investment is also the largest, which are liner companies engaged in logistics operations advantages. Liner companies engaged in logistics operations often start from operating ports, because liner companies have the closest relationship with ports, and it is more convenient for them to unite with other links through ports. At the same time, engaging in the development and operation of the port industry can improve the quality of liner services and reduce port charges, thus enhancing their competitiveness.

In addition, the port is the best choice for the construction of logistics centers, liner companies can start from the development and operation of the port industry, so that the port to the transformation of logistics centers. And the liner companies after the union, its strength has been strengthened, the source of goods is more secure, operating port industry more supportive. Container transportation market oversupply, the market risk is relatively large, in order to diversify the risk, improve efficiency, liner companies are engaged in a variety of operations, and engaged in a variety of operations are often extended from the main industry to start

Port industry is the beginning of the extension of the liner companies.

International shipping will enter the electronic information age

With the rapid development of network technology, the shipping information technology revolution has also entered a new stage. Due to the rapid development of the network economy, customer demand with the development of e-commerce is shifting from physical transactions to virtual transactions, i.e., through online transactions to complete the fulfillment of physical needs. Based on the global Internet, integrating the logistics and information flow of each link in the customer supply chain and constructing a virtual comprehensive network for customers will become one of the important means for shipping enterprises to obtain management <s value-added benefits in the new century.

Development of China's container transport: the road underfoot

1. China's government should improve the transport laws and regulations, for the shipping market to establish a legalized environment.

The world's market economy is perfect, shipping developed countries, its shipping management system is aimed at a unified market. Such as the United States in international shipping in addition to its Department of Transportation as a shipping strategy research, decision-making bodies, but also set up a very high level of the Federal Maritime Investigators Association (FMC), is specifically responsible for the shipping market in the violation of laws, violations of the law, investigation, supervision and punishment, in order to protect the interests of the country's shipping is a strong law enforcement agencies. Another example is the Kingdom of the Netherlands and some European countries in charge of government transportation, in addition to the establishment of industry policy research and decision-making departments, at the same time set up a relatively large number of inspection and supervision agencies to ensure that the implementation of relevant shipping laws and regulations. This is well worth consideration by our government to set up a strong law enforcement agency in due course.

China's shipping management system must speed up the reform. The state should strengthen macro-control, the use of credit, finance, subsidies and other economic means to focus on supporting the country's large-scale port and shipping enterprises, so that as soon as possible to form a large-scale operation, and enhance its international competitiveness; at the same time as soon as possible to introduce such as the "Port Law," "Shipping Law," "Ship Law," "Crew Law", "International Maritime Transportation Regulations" and a number of important laws and regulations to regulate the shipping market, and to improve the traffic law enforcement and supervision system? Reduce the interference of subjective arbitrariness and improve the industry's awareness of compliance with the law. Strict market access system, to prevent local duplication of investment, through legislation to prohibit any regional, industry, sectoral interference, as soon as possible to eliminate the local "cut-off" situation, the establishment of a nationwide, unified, fair competition in the big market.

Government authorities should strengthen the service function, to serve the port and shipping enterprises to think and deal with the problem, and strive to do practical things for the enterprise, and from the macro-guidance and auxiliary services to provide assistance, such as dynamic balance and moderate forward-looking as a strategic orientation, scientific forecasting of the total supply and demand of the shipping market and the structural changes in the distribution of supply and demand changes in the medium and long term development trend, and through the appropriate channels to openly It will be released through appropriate channels to provide scientific decision-making support for China's port and shipping enterprises.

2. China's container transportation enterprises should adjust the business strategy.

In the face of the container transportation market is booming and global competition is getting more and more intense trend, first of all, China's large-scale container transportation enterprises should take the road of scale operation. Shipping enterprises tend to concentrate internally, and externally towards the joint development trend of the international shipping industry, so China's shipping enterprises should also actively participate in the shipping alliance, in order to adapt to this trend, the establishment of container liner shipping fleet covering the world, and to establish the status of global carriers. And at home, the domestic transportation network should be further improved to better serve the cargo owners. Since the road to scale, may as well put forward a bold idea,

From the state, first of all, some of the local operating container transport business of small enterprises by the merger of large container transport enterprises, and then use these small enterprises in the local network engaged in the operation. This on the one hand can increase the source of goods, increase the coverage of the transportation network, on the other hand, can also resist foreign liner companies in China's inland penetration, increase market share. And then COSCO, China Shipping, Sinotrans, three of China's largest shipping companies for the merger of capital as a link to form the shipping industry, a Chinese aircraft carrier, so that you can make comprehensive use of the advantages of the company's resources, to avoid infighting, so as to achieve profit maximization. At the same time, due to the scale of the reduced costs can be part of the profit to the cargo owners, thus further enhancing the competitive advantage.

Secondly, China's shipping enterprises should be accelerated to the direction of the transformation of integrated logistics services, diversified operations. Increasingly competitive international shipping market to us, shipping companies rely on a single maritime business has been difficult to develop. Therefore, adjust and expand the scope of services of shipping enterprises has become an inevitable choice. As the third source of profit, the logistics service industry has become a new economic growth point for shipping enterprises by virtue of value-added services. Realizing the transformation of state-owned shipping enterprises into modern large-scale global logistics service enterprises is a huge project, and it is necessary to formulate strategies according to its own situation. We can try to start from the development of logistics business in the distribution center of goods around the world, increase the development of domestic and foreign trade logistics services, and at the same time, actively cooperate with the port, and even inject capital into the port construction, because the port is an important node in the logistics supply chain, in order to lay the foundation for the provision of the entire logistics supply chain services in the future, and at the same time, we seek to establish a logistics alliance with domestic and foreign large and medium-sized enterprises. Initially, foreign capital can be introduced to cooperate with foreign logistics companies with advanced experience to learn advanced logistics concepts and experience, in order to lay the foundation for future development alone. Only in this way can our shipping enterprises seize the opportunity, meet the challenge, and gradually move towards the development of the general trend of integrated logistics services. As we all know, the shipping industry is a risky industry. It is indeed a good way to diversify risks if we engage in land-based industries while developing our fleet. COSCO is a very good example, COSCO put forward the slogan of "sea, land, sky", and actively develop sea transportation, but also operate land transportation and air transport, in addition to the IT industry and real estate, have achieved great success.

Again, the development of e-commerce should be accelerated. Internet-based development of e-commerce applications have become a powerful enabler of economic growth, so China's shipping companies must now build an international transportation system based on Internet technology, service flexibility, integrated and diverse modes of transportation, and coordinated development with the environment, to provide fast, safe, efficient, accessible, convenient logistics and transportation information service network, to form an accessible, integrated, efficient, The company will provide fast, safe, efficient, accessible and convenient logistics and transportation information service network to form an accessible, integrated, efficient, flexible and mobile transportation system to improve the international competitiveness of enterprises.

Finally, the importance of talent. State-owned shipping enterprises should be around the retention of talent, attracting talent, training talent, use of talent and develop appropriate strategies. On this basis, to further improve the cultivation of talent, the use of links, and thoroughly establish a state-owned shipping enterprise talent strategy system.