Science, Technology and Culture in Han Dynasty

The science and technology culture of the Han Dynasty includes the invention of papermaking, medicine, astronomy, mathematics, literature, art and architecture.

1, papermaking:

Cai Lun invented papermaking in the Eastern Han Dynasty, using bark, rags, hemp and other raw materials to make plant fiber paper suitable for writing. The invention changes the situation that the previous writing materials mainly rely on traditional materials such as bamboo slips, silk and sheepskin, and makes paper a more popular and convenient writing material. At the same time, Cai Lun's papermaking technology also influenced later European papermaking technology.

2. Medicine:

Zhang Zhongjing and Hua Tuo were famous physicians in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Zhang Zhongjing's Treatise on Febrile Diseases is the first clinical medical monograph in China, which has a far-reaching impact on the development of TCM theory and treatment methods.

Huatuo's Five Animals Play is a bionic medical gymnastics, which imitates the movements of animals to achieve the purpose of exercising and preventing diseases. Hua Tuo also invented Mafeisan, which is an anesthetic used in surgery and plays an important role in promoting the development of surgery.

3. astronomy:

In Han Dynasty, astronomy got great development. Zhang Heng and others invented astronomical instruments such as the armillary sphere, which played an important role in observing and studying astronomical phenomena. At the same time, astronomers in the Han dynasty also put forward cosmology such as "Huntian Theory", which had an impact on the later development of astronomy.

4. Mathematics:

During the Han Dynasty, mathematics also made great progress. Liu Hui and others have made important contributions in the fields of arithmetic and geometry. For example, Liu Hui's Nine Chapters Arithmetic is China's first mathematical monograph, which contains a large number of mathematical problems and solutions, and has a far-reaching impact on the later development of mathematics.

5, literature:

The literature of Han Dynasty is mainly composed of prose and fu, among which Jia Yi's Fu of Hanging Qu Yuan and Sima Xiangru's Fu of Changmen are classic works. These works not only have literary value, but also reflect the ideological and cultural situation of the society at that time.

6. Art:

The arts of Han Dynasty are mainly painting, sculpture and pottery. In painting, silk painting Evening Dress and other works show the artistic style and technical level of painting in Han Dynasty. In terms of sculpture, the works of stone que and stone beast in Han Dynasty have unique styles and exquisite skills. In terms of pottery, palace lanterns and other works in the Han Dynasty show the production technology and aesthetic value of pottery in the Han Dynasty.

7. Architecture:

The architectural style of Han Dynasty is unique, represented by stone que and stone beast. These architectural works not only have ornamental value, but also reflect the cultural and technical level of the society at that time. At the same time, the architectural technology of Han dynasty also influenced the later architectural development.