What is the world's first combat art?

Some Simple Essentials of Sanshou

The modern sport of Sanshou refers to a sport in which two people use kicking, punching, wrestling and other techniques as basic materials to fight against each other in unarmed combat in accordance with the prescribed venues, time and conditions. Sanshou exercise is an intense program of strength, fighting intelligence and courage. The basic techniques of Sanda include five parts: fighting posture, footwork, offensive techniques, defensive techniques, and return techniques. On the basis of modern physical education, through the exercise can improve the overall quality of human body, while better guide the youth to strengthen the body and mind, cultivate sentiment, cultivate the youth with no fear of hardship, hard work spirit of struggle.

Sparring is also known as the characteristics of sparring.

Sparring sports is in certain conditions under certain competition rules for offensive and defensive combat exercises, that is to say, than the original set of sparring exercises and improve a step, belong to the actual combat exercises. Sanshou technology is the use of traditional sets of offensive and defensive technical movements to carry out confrontational performance, it is also one of the confrontational fighting sports. The combat offense and defense fighting includes the bare knuckle fighting and the equipment. The bare knuckle fighting is usually called sparring, and pushing, that is, taijiquan pushing, and equipment, equipment, the same short and long arms, due to the relationship between the time here to tell you about the sparring movement.

Sparring sports is the use of modern sports to promote the method, in the traditional martial arts under certain conditions to develop a certain competition rules to carry out offensive and defensive combat exercises, that is to say, more than the original set of exercises and improve a step, belonging to the actual combat exercises. Spread sports competition is in the high sixty centimeters, side length of eight meters on the square stage above the padded, athletes should wear protective gear, protective gear, including head protection, limb protection, leg protection, crotch protection, instep protection and hit the set, barefoot on the stage for the actual combat offensive and defensive drills, the competition is prohibited parts of the neck, crotch, the same into the elbows, knees, can not hit the back of the head, the game to score a number of winners and losers, but in the competition in practice there are A party was knocked down after 10 seconds if you can not stand up, the other side is an absolute victory.

There is another kind is in a game twice in a row was knocked out of the ring, the other side is the absolute victory. Some of the techniques used in the match are the best offensive and defensive moves in Chinese martial arts, which have punch defense, leg defense and wrestling defense.

In the role of wushu characteristics of wushu when talking about the content of wushu had said that wushu is mainly to kick, beat, wrestle and take the four skills-based, then in Sanshou less a take, Sanshou is kicking, wrestling, fighting, no take. Therefore, in the middle of the match, the players are wearing a fighting glove, like a boxing glove. The main method of taking is to subdue the opponent with the wrist joint in the opposite direction, which is not good for Sanda, so there is no action of taking. At the same time, it is also required in the middle of the game is not allowed to use the wrist action, so there is less of this.

Often hear the coach mouth: "hand is two doors, all depends on the foot pedal people", in sparring there is a special requirement of 3 points, is to use an external swinging leg method to the other side of the head after hitting the 3 points, this technique is quite difficult to do, but this action is done out of the effect is quite good; and then knocked down the other side, with the legs! Knocking down the opponent has two points, there is a point, are in accordance with the rules of the game; and mutual non-scoring two people embracing together to beat the fist or at the same time fell, at the same time fell out of the ring can not be scored.

The rules why this book, because now the sport of sparring is a competitive form of martial arts, its role in the end is not really to fight against the fight injury or the other side can not move, beat the disabled.

From the sports it is fitness, not to put the other side of the real death, after all, is still a sport can be said to be different from the prohibited strikes, these prohibited parts of the past martial arts world in terms of just to use, for example, the throat is a prohibited part of the fight, the past an action called "black eagle choke fight" is to catch each other's neck, "black tiger pulling out the neck", "black tiger pulling out the neck", "black tiger pulling out the neck", "black tiger pulling out the neck". Neck, "black tiger pulling out the heart" is to hit each other's heart, "black dog drilling crotch" is to hit each other's crotch, these places can not be hit, and the back of the head can not be used, because it is detrimental to the health of these places can not be used, why do we still need to carry out the sport of Sanda, because it is a sports program, and it is a real performance for the Chinese martial arts of offensive and defensive techniques and strikes. Chinese martial arts of offense and defense techniques fighting skills fully real performance, so that the sparring sports or to carry out.

Wushu basic kung fu is the basic kung fu for beginners, is to ensure that wushu sports physical fitness and skills continue to improve the playing section, but also to prevent injuries, prolonging the life of effective measures, at the same time, through the wushu basic exercise can be strong and wise, cultivate sentiment, but also to promote the overall development of physical fitness. Its content is wonderful comprehensive simple and easy to learn, suitable for large and medium-sized colleges and universities, small and medium-sized schools, wushu school and the majority of professional and amateur wushu enthusiasts to learn exercise, at the same time is the wushu sparring sport to improve the technology of the required courses.

Basic technical requirements

Posture

Shaolin Wushu language, the first three years of staking, practicing boxing without staking, houses without columns. In traditional wushu, it is called staking, and in this section we will talk about the actual combat stance. The combat stance is often called the preparatory stance or fighting stance, which is the posture used before a fight. It not only puts the body in a strong state, but also has the best quick reaction ability, facilitates rapid movement to launch an attack and defense, and the exposure surface is small, can effectively protect their vital parts.

The combat posture is divided into left combat style and right combat style according to personal preference. Here's an example of a left combat stance: Both feet are open front and back, with the distance between the heel of the front foot and the toe of the back foot about shoulder width apart. The left foot is on the ground with the palm of the foot, the right heel is slightly raised, the forefoot is on the ground, both knees are slightly bent and naturally buckled, the center of gravity of the body is shifted to the right, the upper body contains the chest, the abdomen and hips are twisted, the left arm is curved inward by about 90 degrees, and the eye of the fist is parallel to the tip of the nose. The right arm is bent about 45 degrees, the fist is placed in front of the neck, the two elbows are naturally down and slightly inward, the lower jaw is inwardly closed, and the eyes are on the other side's face.

Steps

The second part of the steps. First look at a step, and then look at a hand, hand to step is not equal to the empty gun, footwork is the body to the front and back of the fighting to move around the method. Flexible and agile footwork is not only the key to adjust the center of gravity to maintain body balance, but also the attack and defense to occupy a favorable position, play the optimal attack on the basis of footwork, careful study and practice is to improve the ability to improve the important aspects of the actual combat. The following steps are all based on the left actual combat position as an example.

Progress: Lift the left foot and move forward, the right foot quickly stirs the ground and follows the same distance.

Retreat: Step backward with the right foot, stomp the ground with the left foot, and quickly retreat the same distance.

Side Step: Left foot steps across to the left side, right foot stomps the ground on the inside of the neck, and quickly steps across to the left side to follow up the same distance.

Inside step: twist the forefoot of the left foot in place or step to the left, then the body is left, the right foot quickly follows a step to the left front, the body turns about 90 degrees to the right.

Gai step: the right foot steps up through the left foot, the toes swing outward, the two legs form a cross shape, then the left foot steps forward, reverting to the actual combat style.

Plugging step: the right foot steps forward through the left foot, the heel is off the ground, the two legs are slightly crossed, then the left foot steps forward, reverting to the actual combat style.

Pad step: the right foot stomps to the left foot and together, at the same time, the left foot bends the knee and lifts up the step forward, restored to the actual combat style.

Strike step: jump with both feet on the ground, then land on the left foot, and drop the right foot with the knee a little later, and return to the actual combat style.

Switching step: the front foot and the back foot stir the ground at the same time and switch back and forth, at the same time the two fists also switch back and forth into the right combat stance.

Individual practice of footwork. After learning a kind of footwork, you have to practice it through your own repeated speculation in order to find the essentials, familiarize yourself with the technique and gradually go from a single exercise to a continuous exercise. The combination of various footwork can be practiced after the individual footwork has been practiced skillfully and several kinds of footwork can be combined for comprehensive practice.

Combined with signaling exercises, the trainer applies the direction of the palm or the back of the palm or a prescribed signal, and asks the practitioner to signal the corresponding footwork, which can not only consolidate the footwork technique, but also improve the ability to react. Two people with the practice, the provisions of a party to use multi-steps, move step flashback, etc., while the other party to make the corresponding movement, so that the distance between the two sides to try to maintain the same.

Combination of offensive and defensive maneuvers: 1, the footwork and a variety of offensive and defensive maneuvers combined with practice, improve the overall coordination and cooperation to adapt to the needs of the actual battle; 2, paired practice, the provisions of one side of a single move or a combination of moves to attack, the other party to move to get rid of, and look for an opportunity to be counterattacked, to improve the effectiveness of the footwork.

Fist

Fist techniques are commonly used in sparring sports, such as straight, swing, hook, chop, whip and other five. In the actual combat with fast speed and flexible and versatile characteristics, it can be the shortest distance, the fastest speed to hit the sparring. Boxing is beneficial to the combination of training, and can be used arbitrarily with other techniques. Good mastery and skillful utilization can create a great threat to the sparring.

Straight punch: left straight punch, for example, left standing, the right foot slightly stirrups the ground, the center of gravity of the body slightly to the left foot, at the same time, turn the waist to send the shoulder, the left fist straight line forward, the force reaches the surface of the fist, the right fist naturally recovered in front of the jaw. Example of combat: Right and left straight fists attack the opponent's head. When the other side of the leg attack, the left hit outside the defense, at the same time, the right straight fist counterattack on the head of the other side.

Swinging Fist: Take the left swinging fist as an example, stand in the left position, the upper body slightly twisted to the right, at the same time, when the left arm is slightly raised, the forearm rotates inwardly to the front in an arc, the force reaches the surface of the fist, the angle of the big and small arms is about 130 degrees, and the right fist naturally recovers in front of the jaw. Example of combat: left fist wobbling, right swinging fist attack on the opponent's head. When the other side of the right stirrup leg attack me in the middle of the plate, the left hit in the hanging defense, and then counterattack the other side of the head with the right swinging fist.

Hook: left uppercut, for example, left standing, slightly to the left side of the upper body tilt, the center of gravity is slightly sunken, the left fist slightly down, then the left foot stirrups the ground, the upper body right turn, belly forward to send the left hip, the left fist from the bottom upward arm hook, the force reaches the surface of the fist, the angle of the size of the arm about 90 degrees or so, the right fist naturally recovered in front of the jaw. Example of actual combat: Fake action, suddenly the upper part of the false sway, leaning into the other side with an uppercut punch to the lower jaw. When the opponent is holding down the front, quickly back up and counterattack his head with a left hook.

Whip fist: take the right whip fist as an example, left stand, left foot forefoot as an axis, the body backward 180 degrees, the right foot through the left leg after the step, the body continues to right backward, at the same time to the waist with the movement of the right arm to the right side of the lateral whip, the force reaches the wheel of the fist, the left fist naturally in front of the jaw. Example of combat: left straight fist pretend attack, then suddenly attack its head with the right whip, sparring with the left side of the leg attack on my middle plate, left hit the hanging defense at the same time with the right whip counterattack on its head.

Legs

Legs are rich in content, divided into flexion and extension, straight swing, sweeping and turning three major parts. Fighting legs flexible and mobile, changeable, attack distance, strength, but also has a hidden, prominent attack part of the characteristics. In the use of the leg attack, the requirements to do fast and powerful, accurate hit point.

Lateral leg flick: the left side of the leg flick as an example, the left standing, the upper body slightly tilted to the right side, the center of gravity back, while the left leg bent knee hip, the size of the leg naturally folded, the back of the foot taut, and then by the curved to the extension of the thigh to drive the calf to the right in front of the cross-bouncing, the force reaches the back of the foot. Example of combat: the left side of the leg feinted attack on the opponent's lower plate, followed by the right side of the leg to hit the opponent's upper plate.

Positive Stomping Leg: Take the left positive stomping leg as an example, stand on the left side, move the center of gravity back a little, and at the same time lift the left leg by bending the knee and bending the shoulder forward, hooking the toes upwards, then stomping out from the heel leading forward, reaching the heel with force. Example: Attack the opponent's upper plate with the front stomping leg, and when the opponent attacks with the side stomping leg, suddenly attack the upper plate with the right stomping leg.

Side Kick: Take the left side kick as an example: stand on the left side, shift the center of gravity back, turn the upper body to the right, and at the same time, bend the knee on the left side to lift the toe and hook it up, and then spread the hips, so that the palm of the foot is facing the direction of the attack, and then kick the foot out from curving to stretching, and then kick the foot out, and the force will be up to the heel. Example of combat: kicking the left side of the leg, pretending to attack the opponent's lower plate, then use the city kicking the leg to attack the opponent's upper plate, the left side of the leg pretending to attack the opponent's lower plate, and then turn around and kick the leg to attack the opponent's upper plate.

Sweeping the leg after supporting the ground: the upper body is bent forward, the left leg bends the knee and squats in front, the forefoot is the axis, turn the body to the right rear and drive the right leg to the left rear arc to wipe the ground after sweeping, and the force reaches the root of the foot. Example: When the opponent attacks my upper plate with the left leg, he will defend himself and then attack the supporting leg with the backward leg sweep.

Sweeping leg: Take the right sweeping leg as an example, stand on the left side, shift the center of gravity to the left foot and then turn the upper body 360 degrees to the right, then drive the right leg and sweep the straight leg in an arc from the back to the front, and the force reaches the back of the foot. Practical example: when the opponent with the right side of the leg attack on my upper plate, pat blocking defense followed by the right back sweeping leg attack on the enemy upper plate.

Turning and sweeping the leg: Take the right turning and sweeping the leg as an example, stand on the left side, shift the center of gravity to the left foot, and then turn the upper body 360 degrees from the right back to drive the right leg straight from back to front in an arc sweeping, the surface of the foot is taut and flat, and the force reaches the palm of the foot. Example: Use the right side of the leg to pretend to attack the opponent's lower disk, and then use the left turn to sweep the leg to attack the upper disk.

Intercepting the leg: Take the right intercepting leg as an example, stand on the left side, shift the center of gravity to the left leg, turn the upper body to the left, and at the same time, raise the right pendulum, hook up the toes and turn them over, and then intercept the opponent in front of the lower part of the body. Example of combat: when attacking with the raised leg with the leg method, the first out of the leg to intercept the calf.

Wrestling

Wrestling is a clever technique in competitive fighting to make the pair hit the ground, in the fight, with wrestling must be fast and decisive because it is competitive fighting, so do not give the pair to leave a point of respite, in order to protect their own effective measures.

Holding the legs before the top of the fall: when holding on to the legs of the other side of the downward pressure, quickly bend the elbow, the two fight hard back to pull back, and at the same time with the left shoulder before the top of the other side of the hip and abdomen, will be on the fall.

Holding the legs over the chest drop: go forward and quickly step on the left, bend the knee and bow the waist, two dozen from the outside to the inside to hold the root of the opponent's legs, the left front top of its hip and abdomen, and then go forward and step on the right, stomping the waist and legs to raise the head will be the other side of the back drop.

Holding a single leg and pulling the leg to fall: when holding the other side of a single leg, the other side of the downward pressure to defend the rapid right hit the elbow, back to pull the other side of the lower calf, and at the same time with the left shoulder downward pressure on the root of its leg, to fall out of it.

Holding a single leg drop: hold the opponent's front leg, the left hit quickly forward, don't have its rear support leg, at the same time, the right hit back to pull the left side of the front top of the opponent will be on the pull down.

Pinching the neck over the back drop: right arm pinch each other's neck, back to the other side, both legs bend the knee with the right side of the hip close to each other's front body, and then both legs crouch deep down, bowed waist and low head, will be the other side of the back up after the fall.

Holding the waist over the back drop: right arm hold each other's waist back to the other side, both legs bend the knee, with the right side of the hip close to each other's predecessor, then both legs squat deep downward, bowed waist and low head, will be the other side of the back up and then fell down.

Receiving leg turn pressure wrestling: when the other side with the right side of the leg kick on the left step. The left hit copied the bow of the knee, the right hit grabbed the lower end of the calf, then withdrew the right step, the upper body forward and right turn, at the same time, the right hit inward to move the pressure will be dropped.

Receiving leg drop: when the right side of the leg kicks, the right side of the bow, the left side of the leg, the lower end of the lower leg, then on the right foot, to the left leg, turn to the right, the right leg, not the support leg to drop it.

Receiving Leg Hook Leg Drop: When the opponent kicks with the right side of the leg, the left hit copes and holds the calf, the right hit passes over the opponent's right shoulder and presses down on the neck, at the same time, the left hit lifts up, and the right foot kicks the supporting leg in the forward direction, and the opponent is thrown down.

Catch Leg Shabu Shabu: When the opponent kicks with the right side of the leg, the opponent's right foot is grasped by the doubles, the opponent's right foot is pulled to the left by the doubles, and the opponent's right foot is then pulled downward, and the opponent's right foot is swung in an arc to the right to throw him/her out of the ring.

Receiving the leg upturn: when the opponent kicks with the right leg, the two fighters grasp the lower end of the lower leg, and then bend the arm up. The two beaters hold its foot, and at the same time, step up to the right, forward and above the exhibition will fall down.

Cutting: The left arm passes over the opponent's right shoulder, presses forward and down, cuts and presses the opponent's neck, and drops the opponent.

Defense

Defense is a method that can restrain and weaken the opponent's attack, protect oneself and be in a position to counterattack, with the ultimate goal of defending against and counterattacking. Accurate and skillful defense not only protects yourself, but also creates better conditions for attack.

Blocking defense: take the left block as an example, left hit the palm inward sticking, inward horizontal slap and slightly right turn body.

Hanging Block Defense: Left and right hit the arm to the same side of the head or shoulder hanging block.

Inward copy defense: the left and right hitting arms are slightly flexed and released outward, close to the front of the abdomen, with the heart of the hitting upward, and at the same time the left and right hitting arms are flexed, close to the front of the chest, with the palms facing outward.

Outside copy defense: the left and right hitting arms are externally rotated and bent, and the upper arms are close to the ribs.

Knee lifting defense: shift the center of gravity to the right, bend the knee of the front leg to rise, support the back leg, and keep the posture of the upper body unchanged.

Interception defense; when the opponent is ready to attack, make the hitting interception leg to block the opponent's attack. No contact defense.

Backward Dodge Defense: Shift the center of gravity backward and slightly tilt the upper body back to dodge.

Side flash defense: the upper body dodges to the left or right side or defends with left and right flash steps.

Diving defense: Bend the knees to lower the center of gravity, and at the same time, lower the head and neck to dodge downward with two strikes to protect the head.

Upward jump defense: two feet stomp on the ground, so that the body upward jump flash.

Combination Strike

Combination Strike is the use of two or more movements to attack the opponent in succession. Combo method **** is divided into boxing combo, leg combo, boxing leg combo, boxing wrestling combo, leg wrestling combo, boxing leg wrestling combo and other six kinds. It can be both a single move continuous attack and a multi-move chain of strikes.

Because of the technical action of the many, so the method of combining a variety of variations, but the combination is not blind according to the reasonableness of the action of the conversion and the feasibility of the use of real combat, the timeliness of the combination to achieve the purpose of the chain of strikes to hit the heavy damage. In the use of attention to the combination of true and false, virtual and real, so that the fight is in the top and bottom, left and right multi-point attack, defenseless. In addition, attention should be paid to the articulation between the movements. Generally speaking, the structure of the first level is the best position for the second level of power point strikes.

Technical training

Lightly know that people don't know how to fight, fight a fist to get a kick, all kinds of preparations once nothing, a thousand strokes will be as good as a familiar move. Technical training is the core content of the whole training of sparring. The level of technology determines the performance of the sport. Good physical quality is the foundation for mastering and improving the skills of Sanda. Only after mastering the technique can we give full play to the physical training water and the two are not conditional on each other. Sanshou basic training refers to the training of hitting, wrestling, attacking and defending movements. The purpose is to make athletes skillfully master these movements and can be applied flexibly and freely in the actual battle.

In-situ practice: the use of in-situ practice method focuses on experiencing the essentials, and constantly trying to figure out the line of action sequence force points and body posture. Practice should be natural relaxation, do not require fast its excessive force, complex movements can be broken down to practice, from slow to fast, and gradually master the correct method of action, and constantly improve the quality of action.

Integrated footwork exercises: after in situ practice, basically mastered the action specification should be based on the needs of the battle combined with the corresponding footwork exercises to improve the attack distance, as well as defensive maneuverability so that the technology and the actual combat closely linked to the technical action gradually to achieve the coordinated and accurate, and on the offensive and defensive confrontation to use the technology to lay a good foundation.

Hypothetical exercises: through the hypothesis of imagining the opponent's offensive and defensive actions or the state of the corresponding offense or defensive counterattack hitting method. Do hypothetical apprentice fight practice, hypothetical practice has a kind of immersive face the enemy to fight the actual state and can improve the ability to react to the speed of action to cultivate the will to fight, to master a variety of combat specific fighting methods.

Hitting fixed target practice: hitting fixed target practice is a use of chest target, hitting foot target, sandbags and other auxiliary equipment as a hit target practice, is to improve the technical movement and improve the speed of movement of the power of the important hit section. Requirements for accurate and fast action and full force toward the target strike.

Hitting the movable target practice: the movable target practice is played by the coach or companion to hold a small target constantly changing angle position and direction. Require practitioners to respond quickly and flexibly, using a variety of techniques to hit a practice method.

Through the practice can effectively improve the quality of the practitioner's offensive and defensive counterattack movements, improve the offensive speed, accuracy and distance sense as well as the ability to react and strain. The establishment of stable conditioned reflex action gradually reach automation.

Offensive and defensive exercises. Conditional attack and defense is to stipulate that one side with boxing attack another side of the defense or leg attack, the other side to use the leg wrestling and so on.

Conditional attack and defense exercises: targeted to effectively train and improve the ability of the practitioner of certain abilities and the ability to use certain methods. Arbitrary attack and defense, such as stipulating the strength and speed or competing with big level athletes, is used to improve the practical ability of the technique, cultivate the ability to use the technique under difficult conditions and the good quality of the courage to fight and fight, which can effectively improve the practitioner's technical level as well as physical fitness to sharpen the spirit of fighting, and at the same time, it is a summary of the accumulation of experience in combat and an effective measure.

Through the study can master the basic principles and technical methods of sparring, and through the popularization of training can have a certain foundation of martial arts sparring and can be strong key body!