Common bronze decorative patterns

Bronze ware is a variety of utensils made of bronze (alloy of red copper and tin), which was born in the bronze age of human civilization. Below I have sorted out the common bronze patterns, hoping to help you!

The main categories of bronze ornamentation are common bronze ornamentation 1 and gluttonous ornamentation.

According to legend, gluttony is the fifth son of the dragon, with sheep's body, eyes under his arm, Tiger Claw's tiger teeth and a big head and mouth. Very greedy, eat whatever you see. The main feature of gluttonous pattern is that its main part is the positive image of animal head, with prominent eyes, big mouth crack, horns and ears. Some sides have claws and tails, and some sides are long and curly. In fact, they are composed of two dragon-shaped lines with the bridge of the nose as the center and opposite sides. The nose, horn and mouth of the gluttonous pattern change greatly. From the different shapes of horns and ears, we can know that its life prototype is mostly cattle, sheep, tigers and other animals. Cattle and sheep are the main sacrifices in sacrificial activities. Gluttony patterns are mostly used in the main decorative parts of utensils, engraved with flexible negative lines or raised positive lines. The composition is full, and the two sides of the main pattern are filled with varied Yun Leiwen, which has the beauty of complementary yin and yang. Gluttony patterns were mainly popular in the Shang Dynasty and the early Western Zhou Dynasty, and became popular again after the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, but they have lost their original dominant position and ugly colors and become gorgeous decorations.

Common bronzes II. Solanum nigrum porcelain

Kui is a kind of dragon, mostly with horns and feet, and its mouth is open and its tail is curled. One of the decorative patterns on the bronzes of Solanum nigrum is that the body is divided into two parts, or the body is diagonal, with a leader at each end, which prevailed in Shang Dynasty and early Western Zhou Dynasty. It has changed a lot and is flexible to use. Sometimes it can be used as an auxiliary pattern to fill the blank on both sides of the gluttonous pattern, and it can also be used to form a continuous decorative belt. The two-way continuous pattern with dragon pattern and circular vortex pattern alternately arranged is called fire dragon pattern.

Common bronze ornaments 3. Dragon pattern

It is one of the decorative patterns on bronzes. Generally, the frontal image is centered on the nose, with eyes on both sides and the body extending to both sides. If its side is taken as an image, it forms a long body and a claw. The image of dragon originated very early, but as a bronze decoration, it was first seen in Erligang period of Shang Dynasty, and then there were different forms of dragon patterns in the late Shang Dynasty, Western Zhou Dynasty, Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period. In Shang dynasty, it was mostly in the form of buckling; In the Western Zhou Dynasty, several dragons were intertwined, or their heads were in the middle and their tails were separated. Legend has it that the appearance of dragons is related to water, so the image of dragons appears more in bronze water vessels.

According to the structure of dragon pattern, it can be roughly divided into crawling dragon pattern, rolling dragon pattern, dragon pattern, double-headed dragon pattern and double-body dragon pattern. Crawling dragon pattern, usually in the shape of a dragon's profile, is crawling, the faucet is opened, the upper lip is rolled up, the lower lip is rolled down or up into the mouth, the forehead is angular, the middle part is the trunk, and there is one foot, two feet or only fin feet below. Simple or not, the tail is usually bent and rolled up. Most of them are symmetrically arranged. Prevalent in the late Shang Dynasty and the Western Zhou Dynasty; Dragon pattern, the dragon's trunk is curled, end to end, or spirally coiled, often decorated in the center of the plate. In ancient times, people thought that dragons and snakes were the same kind, so dragons were painted in a coiled shape. This kind of decoration is found in bronzes from Yin Ruins to Warring States, but the image structure is different. Catamaran dragon pattern, also known as? Double-tailed dragon pattern. Its shape is centered on the faucet, and the trunk is spread to both sides. This kind of decoration is band-shaped, so the body has enough space to expand, which is actually a symmetrical figure of the whole dragon. Prevalent in the late Shang and early Zhou Dynasties. Most of them are applied to Fang Yi or Fang Ding's mouth; Dragon pattern is a pattern in which the trunks of two or more dragons are intertwined. There are many different structures, such as single connection, the trunk of the dragon is regularly wound in the same direction, and many dragon bodies are intertwined to form multiple stacks. It prevailed from the late Spring and Autumn Period to the early Warring States Period.

Common bronze ornaments 4. Serpentine pattern

Decorative patterns on bronzes. It has a triangular or round triangular head, a pair of prominent big round eyes, a scaly body and curly strips. The characteristics of snakes are obvious. The snake patterns in the late Shang Dynasty and early Zhou Dynasty were mostly arranged in a single line. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, most of the snake patterns were small and twisted. Plain grain? .

Common bronze ornaments. Bird pattern

One of the decorative patterns on bronzes. A bird's long feathers hang down or its long tail rolls up to look forward or backward. Most of them are symmetrically arranged on bronzes. The jade cong unearthed from Liangzhu culture has clear bird patterns. The earliest appearance on bronzes was the deformed bird pattern in Erligang period. Bird pattern has always been the main decorative pattern of Yin Ruins. From the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period, bird patterns appeared in large numbers. There were many short tails in Shang Dynasty and many long tails and high crowns in Western Zhou Dynasty. Bird patterns include Feng Huangwen, Owl, Feng Huangwen and Goose.

Common bronze ornaments. Feng Niaowen

There were some decorative patterns on bronzes in Shang and Zhou dynasties, and their development and evolution had dating significance. As a kind of Feng Niaowen, it has a crown on its head, some horns and a tangled tail feather, and is often used as the main decorative surface. From the late Shang Dynasty to the Western Zhou Dynasty, bird patterns and long tail bird patterns were popular, which were mostly used to decorate belts or as auxiliary ornamentation.

Common bronze ornaments. Ripple (ring pattern)

It is a broad and smooth curve decoration with lively and smooth image. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, the dragon pattern decorated with pot belly was used with ripples. The dragon pattern made by relief technique winds into a big wave shape, which fluctuates according to the front and width of the pot body.

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