Who are the four famous roles of Shenyang Pingju?

When "Fengtian Luozi" was performed in Shanghai in 1935, the name "Pingju" was officially used, which means "commenting on the past and discussing the present".

After the founding of New China, Pingju entered a new period of prosperity and developed into a major national drama. With the development of society, Pingju has also been reformed, and the expansion of the scope of drama performance and the rapid rise of actors are remarkable signs of change.

The artistic features of Pingju are more and more distinct: good singing, clear articulation, simple and easy singing and clear singing. It shows a strong flavor of life in the times, with a cordial folk flavor, lively and free form, and is deeply loved by the masses.

Han Shaoyun plays Yang Xiangcao (first from left) in the Pingju Little Son-in-law.

The development stage of "Fengtian Luozi" occupies a place in the history of Pingju, and its birthplace, Shenyang, naturally has a deep foundation. In the early days of the founding of New China, Han Shaoyun, Hua Shulan, Xiao Junting and Xin Yanling jumped from Shenyang and became popular all over the country. They are called "the four storytellers in Shenyang", and even the three storytelling schools of "Han, Hua and Xiao Yu" have naturally formed.

Han Shaoyun and her Han Shaoyun (1931-2003) were originally named Wang Shouzhen. Shanhaiguan people in Hebei Province. At the age of nine, he joined the "three-in-one class" (Beijing, Pingyi and Bangyi), specializing in drama criticism. 195 1, and became the director of the experimental drama evaluation group of Northeast Opera Research Institute. Learn from the predecessors of Pingju, Jin, etc. When I first entered the Taoist temple, I was deeply influenced by Bai He's artistic style of picking lotus, and I also highly praised Lian Junhe's art. Since 1950s, it has gradually formed its own unique singing style. The drama Little Son-in-law starring her is popular all over the country.

Hua Shulan plays Chunhong in the pingju Tea Bottle Project.

Han Shaoyun's voice is colorful. On the basis of inheriting the traditional opera singing programs, she created the classic aria of Ju Ping's music in Little Son-in-law-the first aria, "Is the river flowing or ringing?" She borrowed from the traditional drama "Flowers as Media" and transformed it. The first half of the sentence has the feeling of wavelet, and the second half has the ups and downs of melody, which is very beautiful. In the second sentence, "The willow by the river is still (still) so curved", two "or" are used, and then a small cavity is decorated after the word "curved", which shows that the vanilla has both the feeling of shadow and the painful and complicated mood of "the scenery is still there". The third sentence, "It was very late when the grass came back that day", has a simple tune and profound meaning. This feeling reminds her of the happy meeting with Brother Tian in the same place a few days ago. The fourth sentence, "The sky is full of rosy clouds and the sun goes down", is also borrowed from singing. It not only has the local charm of northeast folk tunes, but also forms a new set of vocals.

Han Shaoyun's singing has three unique skills: clear articulation and straight articulation, plus sweet timbre, clear articulation and distinctive "delicate" jaw sound, which makes his singing "a knot in one's heart" unique. Performance and singing are integrated to form an overall artistic style, which is called "Korean School". In 1960s, Han Shaoyun's art reached a new peak, and many modern plays were staged. In her 60-year stage career, she has staged more than 200 plays. The main representative plays are Little Son-in-law, Yang Sanjie's Complaints, Red Guards in Honghu Lake, Jiang Jie, Rhododendron Mountain and Peach Blossoms with Faces. Han Shaoyun's descendants mainly include: famous actors Song Li, Yang Xiaoyan, Liu Hong, Hu Guiqiu and Zhou Dan.

Hua Shulan implemented the tea bottle strategy, and Hua Shulan (1929—2005) was originally named Ge Shulan. People from Tangshan, Hebei. At the age of eight, he studied drama with his mother Liu Yufang, a drama critic. At the age of twelve, he began to perform in Tangshan, Qinhuangdao and Tianjin. At the age of fourteen, he became a teacher, deeply influenced by the singing styles of Bai, Cai Lian, Ai Lianjun and so on, and gradually formed his own singing characteristics. 65438-0945 participated in the performances of modern dramas such as Revenge of Blood and Tears, White-haired Girl, Couple Literacy, and Brother and Sister Land Reclamation in Zhangjiakou. 1954 transferred to Shenyang with Jinzhou Pingju Theatre, served as the second regiment of Liaoning Pingju Theatre, and later became the founder and vice president of Shenyang Pingju Theatre. She has acted in many plays in her life, some of which are reserved plays, among which "Tea Bottle Project" has been played for 50 years, which makes her absolutely. The curtain opened and Hua Shulan appeared as a spring red. This pretty, lively, innocent and kind maid suddenly made people shine. Hua Shulan sang and danced in the two scenes of Wenxi and Peeking at My Husband, and made full use of her singing skills, rounded and graceful figure performance to show the character's personality to the fullest. Hua Shulan once introduced before her death: when she practiced running rounders, she first ran between her knees and legs with a broom, and then ran with a thin bamboo pole. Don't drop the broom and bamboo pole you caught in the small step. If you run too fast, the broom or bamboo pole will fall off. Run faster and faster, and practice better. Like air floating in the air, like fish swimming in the water, like birds flying in the clouds.

According to her own voice conditions, on the one hand, Hua Shulan inherited the traditional art of her predecessors and used it for reference; On the other hand, he absorbed the artistic nutrition of Beijing Opera, Bangzi, Dagu and other operas and schools extensively, integrated, developed and innovated, and created the "Flower School Singing Method". Her voice is crisp and sweet, her voice is pure and her singing is high and straight. People praised her singing skills as "three highs", that is, "high chord, high cavity and high pitch" She enjoys the reputation of "Golden Voice", "Bel Canto of China Opera" and "coloratura soprano". During more than 60 years of stage practice, he has performed more than 200 plays, including White-haired Girl, Teapot Project, Qionghua, Xie Yaohuan, Mulan Joining the Army and the Fiancee of the Volunteers. She is keen on teaching skills and has more than 40 disciples from all over the world, mainly including,, Wu Danyang, Xu, Zhang Lihua and Zheng Guifang. It can be said that "a generation of pillars, peaches and plums are all over the world."

Xiao Junting created a new song for Lao Dan. Xiao Junting was originally named Zhang, 192 1 Tianjin, and his ancestral home was Laoling, Shandong. At the age of eight, she studied under Yang Yi and sang in the street. After studying under Zhu, he joined Tianjin White Troupe at the age of ten. He left the White Troupe at the age of fourteen and performed in Tianjin and Tangshan successively. After 1952, she successively served as the head of the third troupe of Jinzhou Pingju Theatre, the captain of the second troupe of Liaoning Pingju Theatre and the vice president of Shenyang Pingju Theatre.

1956, Xiao Junting was thirty-six, with a steady voice, rich and pure, sweet and mellow, and combining rigidity with softness. Her figure has become fatter, and she is more suitable for some plays featuring elderly women. In traditional drama, there has never been a drama featuring Lao Dan. However, Xiao Junting practiced boldly, successfully created many images of Lao Dan and created a brand-new singing method of Lao Dan. Her Eight Sisters of Yang Youchun is resolute, loud, bold and ingenious. In the compromise of "asking for a bride price", she presented She Taijun's frank and humorous character to the audience layer by layer with delicate and vivid performances. She Taijun's "gift of several colors" is: "I want you to have one or two stars in February, three or two breezes and four or two clouds, five or two flames and six or two gases, seven or two black smoke and eight or two notes, three or two six for burning a dragon, three thick cow hairs, eight eggs laid by a rooster, and two pounds for snowflakes when they are dry." "A cash cow at a time, two cornucopias in two steps, and a golden horse tied to the cash cow. The old lady's sonorous words almost made the emperor faint. "Taishan cannot but marry his daughter, and the Yellow River cannot but marry his daughter. Long live, choose Sister Yang until she is eighty-eight. " Hook up the old prime minister and go with the flow; Song Renzong was dumbfounded and furious.

Xiao Junting gave full play to the advantages of rich alto and steady bass, and created a set of vocals four degrees lower than ordinary Pingju, which started the career of Pingju in Lao Dan. Shinohara School's singing is rough and bold, deep and vigorous, combining rigidity with softness, and full of charm. He is good at using the techniques of "Tao, Flash, Top, Overlap, Rush, Dun, Rub and Lun", and his rhythm changes in a variety of ways. Representative repertoires include: Beating Golden Branches, Handing Firearms, Mothers and Daughters, The Great Wall of the South China Sea, Eight Sisters Yang Youchun, Mu Commanding Guiying and so on. Xiao Junting enthusiastically teaches art, and his disciples are Cao, Liu, Teng Wenxiu, Xin, Li Dongmei and Zheng Xiaodi. Gao Zhanxiang, then Minister of Culture, praised her voice as "mellow, deep and euphemistic, combining rigidity with softness". The fans watched her game with rapt attention and held their breath.

At the end of 2006 and the beginning of 2007, Xiao Junting, who is over 85 years old, participated in the "National Opera Master Concert" in Beijing, causing a sensation. Xiao Junting is the only surviving founder among the six major critics of traditional Chinese opera (Bai, Xin, Xian, Han, Hua and Xiao Yu). In his later years, Xiao Lao devoted himself to revitalizing Pingju, giving dozens of performances every year. This time, accompanied by her daughter Xiao Xiaojun Ting, she sang wonderful aria of her masterpieces "Storm in the Yard" and "Eight Sisters of Yang Youchun" for the audience in the capital.

Xiao Junting plays the Queen in Ju Ping's Golden Branch (second from left).

Xin Yanling Xin Yanling (1926— 1988), one of the three largest in Tsing Yi, is from Shandong. When I was a child, I was poor and sold to others by my parents. She doesn't know who her parents are. At the age of eleven, she was taken to Hailun County, Jilin Province (now Heilongjiang Province) by her adoptive mother and sent to a troupe to study Zhang Zhendong (stage name Four Seasons Red). At the age of sixteen, he officially stepped onto the stage and wandered the rivers and lakes. She often sings plays such as Liu Cuiping Crys Well and Pearl Shirt. 1949 joined Tangshan Pingju Troupe (later changed to Pingju Experimental Troupe of Northeast Traditional Opera Research Institute). After the founding of New China. She actively performed new plays, such as Wang Gui and Li Xiangxiang, Revenge of Blood and Tears and Divide Britain. 1949 During the performance of Shenyang Opera, her performance "Tears of the New Greedy Woman" won a special performance award; 1952 won the first performance award for his performance of "New Dog Beating to Persuade Husband" at the national opera viewing conference. 1953 Co-performed "She Garden in Yang Er" with Wu Baosheng (directed by Yan Yong) and won the Northeast Opera Performance Award; 1963 Shenyang Modern Opera Show, in which "Sentinel under Neon Lights" starring her won the outstanding performance award; 196 1 year, her performance "Sister Xianglin" was well received.

Xin Yanling's Pingju "Sister Xianglin"

Xin Yanling looks beautiful, has a sweet voice, sings beautifully, is good at expressing feelings, and is especially good at playing tragic characters, which is really touching. She is also known as "the three beauties of Pingju" with,, and Xian. During the Cultural Revolution, he was sent to the countryside. After returning to the city, he left the stage prematurely because of poor health.

"Han, Hua, Xiao Yu" is a representative of the artistic style of a cultural region, and it is also the pride and pride of Liaoshen people. The young son-in-law of Han school, the tea bottle plan of Hua school and the fireworks of Hua school laid the foundation of the three schools of art and became the basic characteristics of Shenyang Pingju and the main composition of Northeast Pingju. "Han, Hua and Xiao", which have been listed in the national intangible cultural heritage list, are three major operas. In addition, Xin Yanling of Shenyang Pingju Theatre (which has been listed in the intangible cultural heritage list of Liaoning Province) is also as famous as the "Four Famous Danes in Denmark" in Northeast Pingju, and occupies an important position in the national Pingju art world. 196 1 year, Shenyang Pingju Theater was designated as a national key theater.