Confucius was a great man in China. What are his great deeds? 20 words

Confucius initiated the atmosphere of private lectures and advocated benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom and faith. He led some disciples around the world for thirteen years, and revised the six classics of Poetry, Calligraphy, Rites and Music, Book of Changes and Spring and Autumn Annals in his later years. Lu, who was born in the late Spring and Autumn Period, was an ancient thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism in China.

In ancient times, Confucius was regarded as a "saint of heaven" and a "muduo of heaven". He was one of the most learned scholars in the society at that time, and was respected by later rulers as Confucius' sage, the most holy, the most holy teacher, the most holy teacher, the teacher of kings and the teacher of generations. His thoughts have a far-reaching influence on China and the world, and he is listed as the first of the "Top Ten Cultural Celebrities in the World".

Contract:

1, set up a private school

Before Confucius, "learning is an official", the school was designed for the children of slave owners and nobles, and civilians did not have the right to education. In the late Spring and Autumn Period, with the transformation from slavery to feudalism and the development of social productive forces, the landlord class needed a large number of intellectuals to serve it, and the atmosphere of gathering disciples to give lectures became increasingly prosperous. Confucius also began to set up private schools to recruit disciples.

He advocates that "there is no class in education", and as long as "self-restraint" is adopted, it will be accepted as a disciple. In this way, poor civilians can receive education as long as they can afford it, thus breaking through the restriction of "learning in the government". Confucius taught more than 3,000 disciples in his life, of which 72 were famous.

2. Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude

Confucius was the first educator in China who advocated "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude". He acknowledged the differences and degrees of students' personalities and advocated paying attention to teaching students in accordance with their aptitude under the unified training goal. Usually, Confucius pays great attention to observation, understands each student's hobbies, personality and degree, memorizes them by heart, and gives different guidance in teaching.

3. Learning attitude

Confucius taught students to have an honest learning attitude. "What you know is what you know, and what you don't know is what you know." Chinese students have learned ten articles of The Analects of Confucius, which inspires them to think: What kind of learning attitude should they adopt? On the basis of discussion, the students come to the conclusion that they should have a cautious and modest learning attitude and not blindly exaggerate their skills and knowledge.

The teacher concluded: "See the sage Si Qi Yan, see the sage Si Qi introspection." "In a threesome, there will be words from my teacher; Choose good and follow it, but change it if it is not good. "

Confucius' remarks are mainly recorded in The Analects of Confucius. The Analects of Confucius is one of the classic works of Confucian school, which was compiled by Confucius' disciples and their descendants. It mainly records the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples, and embodies Confucius' political opinions, ethical thoughts, moral concepts and educational principles.

The Analects of Confucius, Daxue, The Doctrine of the Mean and Mencius were called "Four Books" after the Southern Song Dynasty. There are twenty popular Analects of Confucius. The language of The Analects is concise and profound, and many of its remarks are still regarded by the world as "small words with great righteousness". ?

Extended data:

achievement

1, moral thought

Confucius constructed a complete ideological system of "virtue and virtue": he advocated the virtue and virtue of "benevolence and courtesy" at the individual level. ? [28]? The ideological system of Tao Te Ching is a complete ideological system based on the theory of good nature, with the purpose of educating people, connecting human nature with heaven, and transforming the golden mean into methodology in due course.

The highest ideal of Confucius in his later years is called "Great Harmony". In the world of great harmony, people in the world love each other and all the people in the world, not only their families, but also their parents and children.

2. Political thoughts

The core content of Confucius' political thought is "courtesy" and "benevolence". In the general plan of governing the country, he advocated "governing the country by virtue", which is the noblest way to govern the country.

The intensification of social contradictions has hindered the development of productive forces, and people's spirit and beliefs have also been destroyed as never before. These isomorphisms have become the historical origin and social conditions of Confucius' political thought, and "benevolence" and "courtesy" are the basic spirits of his political thought.

3, economic thought

The most important economic thoughts of Confucius are "emphasizing righteousness over profit" and "enriching the people". This is also the main content of Confucian economic thought, which has a great influence on later generations.

Confucius said in "The Analects of Confucius in Liren" that "a gentleman is righteous and a villain is beneficial". Some people think that since Confucius emphasized "righteousness", he must despise manual labor. This view is wrong. According to the Analects of Confucius, he was very dissatisfied with Fan Chi, a disciple who wanted to study agriculture, and called him a "villain" because Confucius believed that people should have greater ideals and pursuits and shoulder greater responsibilities.

4. Educational thoughts

Confucius put forward for the first time in the history of China that people's natural qualities are similar, and the differences in personality are mainly influenced by acquired education and social environment. Therefore, everyone can be educated and everyone should be educated. He advocated "no education for all", founded private schools and enrolled more students, which broke the monopoly of slave owners and nobles on school education and expanded the scope of education to civilians, conforming to the trend of social development at that time.

He advocated "learning officials" and became an official after his studies. The purpose of his education is to cultivate political gentlemen, and gentlemen must have high moral quality, so Confucius emphasized that school education must put moral education first.

Baidu encyclopedia-Confucius