Idioms and their stories

In the usual study, work and life, composition is the most unfamiliar thing for everyone. According to different genres, composition can be divided into narrative, expository, practical and argumentative. Have no clue when writing a composition? The following is a practical idiom and allusion composition (selected 10) compiled by me, for your reference only, and I hope it will help you.

On one occasion, twelve countries, including Song and Qi, jointly attacked Zheng. Seeing that their country was short of troops, Zheng Guojun quickly sought mediation from the State of Jin, which readily agreed, so he quickly consulted with the twelve countries and asked them to stop attacking Zheng. The twelve countries were afraid of the powerful state of Jin, and though they were reluctant, they had to retreat.

In order to thank the State of Jin, the monarch of Zheng sent messengers to the State of Jin with many beautiful women, musical instruments and musicians. Jin Wengong was very happy to receive these gifts, and gave half of the beautiful women to the hero Jiang Wei. Unexpectedly, Jiang Wei not only refused, but also advised Jin Wengong not to be careless when the country was strong, but to forget that he was in danger. He should think of the difficulties and dangers that the country may encounter when enjoying himself, so as to be ready to deal with them at any time. Duke Xiang of Jin felt very reasonable and accepted his suggestion.

The idiom allusion 2 "gushing" is also called "gushing". This idiom comes from Wang Renyu's "Kaiyuan Tianbao Legacy" in the late Five Dynasties.

When Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was in Li Longji, there was a prime minister named Zhang Jiuling, who was famous for his eloquence. Seeing that Tang Xuanzong neglected to govern the country, he advised him many times. Zhang Jiuling advocates appointing people on their merits and recruiting talents, and has set up a special organization to select talents.

Whenever he talks about the scriptures with his guests, he always "gushes", which means that his words are like rolling water. Later, Zhang Jiuling was removed from the post of prime minister because he offended powerful Li.

Idiom Allusions 3 In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a man named Chen Mao. Every time someone encounters any dispute, they will ask Chen Ya to come out to uphold justice, because everyone knows that Chen Ya is an honest and sincere person, and everyone likes him and listens to him! One year, there was a famine in Chen Ya's hometown, and many people could not find jobs. Some people go to work elsewhere, and some people become thieves because they have no work to do, stealing other people's things!

One night, a thief sneaked into Chen Ya's house to steal something after sleeping in Chen Ya. The thief didn't know that Chen Ya found him hiding on the roof beam, but Chen Ya pretended not to see him and sat quietly in the living room drinking tea. After a while, Chen Ya called the whole family to the living room and said to them, "You know, people have only lived for decades. If you don't grasp the time of hard work, it will be too late to try again when you are old. Therefore, we should form a good habit of hard work from an early age, and only when we grow up can we make good contributions to society, family and ourselves! Of course, there are also some people who don't work hard and just like to entertain themselves. These people are not bad in nature, but they will do some bad things that endanger society only if they don't develop good habits. Now you look up, the gentleman on our roof is a living example. 」

Hearing this, the thief climbed down from the beam and knelt in front of Chen Ya: "Master Chen, I'm sorry! I know I was wrong, please forgive me! Instead of scolding the thief, Chen Ya said to the thief very kindly, "I don't think you are a bad person, maybe you are forced by the hardships of life. I will give you some money now. Stop stealing. Work hard. As long as you can correct your mistakes, you will still be a useful person! The thief was moved and cried and said to Chen Ya, "Thank you, Master Chen! I will definitely work hard! Later, the thief really got rid of his bad habits and tried to become a good young man praised by everyone! Later, people turned Chen Ya's words into the idiom "fish begins to stink at the head" to describe a thief who steals from others.

The idiom "magnanimous" means that people simplify "honesty and justice" into the idiom "frankness and openness" to express sincerity, frankness and selflessness.

This idiom comes from the reflection, Shu Shu, ZhuGeLiangChuan, and Zhuge Liang's Guo Xiang. Sincere and fair.

During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang, the prime minister of Shu Han, won the trust of Liu Bei. Before he died, Liu Bei entrusted his son Liu Chan to him and asked him to help Liu Chan govern the world. He said sincerely that if you can help him, help him. If he does not listen to you and does something harmful to the country, you can take his place. After Liu Bei's death, Zhuge Liang tried his best to help Liu Chan, the mediocre queen, govern the country.

He was advised to be king, but he refused sternly, thinking that he had already held such a high position entrusted by the late emperor. Now the crusade against Cao Wei has not achieved any results, but has increased the rank and rank, which is unfair. Zhuge Liang treats people fairly and reasonably, without favoritism. Sue is a general whom he highly values. He was a striker when he attacked Cao Wei. Because he violated temperance and lost the street pavilion, Zhuge Liang strictly abided by the provisions of the written pledge to fulfill a military order and reluctantly killed him. Ma Su wrote to Zhuge Liang before his execution, saying that although he was dead, he had no complaints under his grave. Zhuge Liang himself took responsibility for the fall of Jieting and asked the latter to approve his demotion from prime minister to right general. He also ordered his subordinates to criticize his shortcomings and mistakes. This was rare at that time. In 234 AD, Zhuge Liang died of illness in the army. He was poor all his life and left nothing to his descendants.

The fifth idiom in the idiom story is "the city fox rat", which means a bad person who relies on the strength of others to do evil.

This idiom comes from the Book of Jin. Xie rolled around and said to him, "Honesty is the beginning of disaster, and the city foxes and rats are also."

There was a left general named Wang Dun in the Jin Dynasty, and his chief historian was Xie Juan. They often talk about things in court together. One day, Wang Dun said to Xie Bao, "Liu Kun is a wicked man who does many evils and endangers the country. I want to drive this wicked man away from the king and let him serve the court. Do you think so? "

Xie Kun thought for a moment, shook his head and said, "Impossible, Liu Kun is really a bad man, but he is also a city fox and mouse! If you want to dig a fox, I'm afraid you will break the wall; Rats should be smoked with fire, or drowned with water, for fear of destroying shrines and temples. Now this Liu Kun is like a fox in the city and a mouse in a social temple. He is a trusted minister around the king and has considerable influence. I'm afraid it's not easy to get rid of the king with his backing. "

Wang Dun listened to Xie Lola, although unhappy, but also had to forget about it.

At the turn of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, China changed from a slave society to a feudal society. The development of productive forces, the change of economic base and political turmoil have caused changes and progress in academic culture, and private lectures have also begun to rise. Private lectures impart knowledge to the lower classes of the ruling class and even the people, breaking the monopoly of knowledge by nobles and historians, which is a great progress in China's cultural history. Followed by the emergence of private books. Confucius, who was the first to devote himself to private lectures, had books there, such as poems, books, rituals, music, changes, spring and autumn, etc. During the Warring States period, the academic atmosphere was very active, forming a situation of "a hundred schools of thought contend", and new works appeared constantly. According to legend, there are dozens of books in Su Qin, and the famous philosopher Hui Shi said that "books have five cars", which is the origin of the idiom "learning to be rich and having five cars".

Bamboo slips began in the Zhou Dynasty in 1 1 century BC and were popular in the Eastern Jin Dynasty in the 3rd century A.D..

It is the earliest real book in China. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, a hundred schools of thought contended, and bamboo slips became the main writing form and got great development.

Such as: Laozi, Zhuangzi, Mencius, Confucius, Sun Tzu, etc.

The five cars in the idiom "learning to be rich with five cars" actually refers to the bamboo slips with five cars.

Both "knowledgeable" and "talented people" are considered knowledgeable. Know how to use the on-board quantity? Here are two allusions.

The ancients in China have begun to use bamboo or wood chips as information carriers. Bamboo used for writing is called "Jane" or "strategy"; Wood chips used for writing are called "squares" and "calves".

"Learning to be rich with five cars" comes from the article "Zhuangzi's Miscellaneous Articles in the World": "Learning from teachers is good, and books are five cars." Hui Shi was a philosopher in the Warring States Period. He was brilliant and knowledgeable, and he was a representative of a noble family. It is said here that Hui Shi is a learned man, with a lot of Taoism, and it takes five carts to read books. Later, people praised learned people with "Five Cars", "Five Cars Books", "Five Cars Books", "Five Cars Bamboo Slips" and "Emblem Cars". Wang Anshi's Gift to the Sun: "I loved pears and chestnuts when I was young. I have to read five books when I grow up. " Use "learning five cars" to mean reading more or studying more.

The allusion of "learning to be rich with five cars" reflects the means of communication used in quite a historical period. So many books in simplified Chinese characters are very troublesome to transport and store, and people often describe them as "great achievements" and "filling the building" So the idiom "sweating like a pig" came into being.

"Eight fights" is a metaphor used by Xie Lingyun in the Southern Dynasties to praise Cao Zhi, a poet of Wei in the Three Kingdoms. He said, "There is only one stone in the world, and Cao Zijian (Cao Zhi) monopolizes eight fights. I have to fight, and the world is divided into one battle. " (See Anonymous Stone) It seems that Xie Lingyun is also quite conceited about his talent. Since then, people have used the idiom "gifted scholar and beautiful woman" to describe a person's strong writing ability. Li Shangyin, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote in the poem "Alas": "Fu Fei worried about sitting in the sky and exhausted Wang Chen's eight talents.

There was a scholar named Jia Huangzhong in the Song Dynasty. He has studied with his father since he was five years old.

Due to his father's strict requirements, Jia Huangzhong was admitted to Jinshi at the age of fifteen and became a school bookkeeper. Jia Huangzhong is an honest and clean official. He was punctual in Xuanzhou, and one year there was a famine and many people starved to death. Jia Huangzhong cooked with his own rice and saved thousands of people. When he was working in Jinling, he found dozens of boxes of gold and silver treasures hidden in the vault, which were priceless. He immediately cleaned them up and reported them to the court. Song Taizong was very happy and praised him, saying that if he was dishonest, these treasures of the previous dynasty would be gone; He also summoned Jia Huangzhong's mother and praised her adopted son for his meritorious service, which can be compared with Mencius' mother.

Jia Huangzhong, on the other hand, is too serious and cautious to make decisive decisions when encountering major events. Later, he was sent to work in other places. When bidding farewell to Emperor Taizong, Emperor Taizong warned him: "No matter whether you are a monarch or a minister, you should be humble and cautious, but if you score too much, you will lose your position as a minister."

When Jia Huangzhong died, his family was poor. The emperor gave his old mother 300,000 yuan and 320 taels of silver in recognition of his incorruptible and selfless way of being an official and his mother's good upbringing.

Idiom Allusions 8 At the end of the Han Dynasty (Eastern Han Dynasty), there was a learned man named Kong Rong, the twentieth grandson of Confucius. He has been very clever since he was a child, especially good at rhetoric. In his early years, he has gained a good reputation in society. When he was ten, he went to Luoyang with his father. Luoyang is the capital of emperors in past dynasties, because it is located to the east of Chang 'an, so it is called the East Capital. At that time, he was the prefect of Luoyang, Henan Province, and a very famous Li Yuanli. Because Li's talent is very important, all the people who came and went in your house at that time were talented people except his relatives. Unless a celebrity visits, the doorman will not report it as usual.

Kong Rong, only ten years old, boldly went to see the satrap. He went to the door of the mansion and said to the doorman, "I am a relative of Li Taishou. Please let me know. "

Li Taishou received him after the gatekeeper informed him. Li Yuanli asked him, "What is your relationship with me?" Kong Rong replied: "In the past, my ancestor Zhong Ni (Confucius) and your ancestor Bo Yang (referring to Laozi, whose surname is Li Minger and the word Bo Yang) both had the respect of teachers (Confucius once asked Laozi for etiquette), so you and I are also family friends!" At that time, many guests were present, and Li and his guests were surprised by Kong Rong's words.

One of them, Yang Chen, a doctor from China, arrived in time. After the guests present told him what Kong Rong said, he casually said, "It's time, but it's not necessarily good." The clever Kong Rong immediately retorted, "I think Dr. Chen must be very clever when he was young." Chen Wei stumped Kong Rong with a word, and he was speechless for a long time.

Later, people quoted two sentences from this story and introduced "it's time for an hour" into idioms, indicating that children are born smart and know a lot from an early age. However, because there is a saying below that "big is not necessarily good", the meaning of this idiom becomes: Although you are smart when you are young, you may not be able to become a useful person when you grow up.

So although it is a compliment on the surface, it is a sneer and contempt in the bones. Therefore, when we use it, we should not praise others, otherwise it will be misunderstood that you have a heart of mocking and despising others.

In addition to the above story, the idiom story 9 "Southern History" also records a similar story of "Suojin", which happened between Zhang Xiehe and Jiang Yan.

Jiangyan in the Southern Dynasties was literate. When he was young, he became a famous writer and his poems and articles were highly praised at that time. However, with the growth of age, his articles are not as good as before, and they have also regressed a lot. His poems are plain; And I have been holding the pen for a long time, but I still can't write a word, and occasionally inspiration comes; The poem has been written, but the sentences are dry and the content is too dull to be desirable. Therefore, it is said that Jiang Yan once stopped by the river of Zen Ling Temple by boat and dreamed of a man who called himself Zhang Jingyang. Ask him for a silk horse, and he will take out a few feet of silk from his arms and return it to him. Therefore, his articles are not wonderful in the future. Another legend; Once Jiang Yan took a nap in Yeting; I dreamed that a man who claimed to be Guo Pu came up to him, asked him for a pen, and said to him, "Brother Wentong, I already have a pen. I should be able to give it back to me now! " Hearing this, Jiang Yan conveniently took out a five-color pen from her pocket and returned it to him. It is said that since then, Jiang Yan's literary thoughts have dried up and he can't write any good articles.

In fact, it's not that Jiang Yan ran out of talent, but that after he became an official, on the one hand, he was busy with government affairs, on the other hand, he was proud of his official career and didn't need to write by himself, so he didn't write again. Over time, the article will naturally become inferior and lack talent.

Idiom allusion 10 In ancient times, the land was vast and the population was sparse. At that time, people made a living by fishing and hunting besides farming. Whenever the north wind blows and heavy snow falls, people go hunting in the mountains. This time, they gained a lot by going into the mountains. They even trapped two tigers, a male and a female. Everyone tied two tigers, and a hunter followed the trail of the tiger and found a little tiger cub in a cave in the deep mountain. This little tiger cub just opened his eyes and didn't even break his milk. He looked at the hunter with his eyes open and was not afraid at all. The hunter saw the cub furry and chubby. Naive, especially fond of it. As soon as the hunter was happy, he took Xiaohu home with him. When the hunter's wife and children saw the hunter bring back a little tiger cub, they thought it was not funny. The child touched the little tiger cub, and the little tiger cub was more afraid of him and played with him.

Under the care of the hunter's family, the little tiger cub grew up slowly and became a big tiger over time. But it doesn't hurt. When you are full, you will wander around the village. When you are tired, find a shady place to lie down and sleep. In this way, people get along well with tigers and get used to them. The spring breeze blows, the ice melts and the river thaws. People put away their hunting gear and began to fish in the river.

The hunter fished by the river and didn't go home for more than ten days. He was surprised when he got home. He found that the tiger at home had blood on his mouth, but his wife and children were gone. The hunter felt an ominous premonition approaching him, and he was shrouded in a great fear. Before he recovered, the tiger pounced on him and killed him with only a few bites.