What are the types of agricultural insurance

What are the types of agricultural insurance

Do you know what agricultural insurance is? Do you know about the types of agricultural insurance? Here is my knowledge of the types of agricultural insurance, welcome to read.

First, plantation insurance

Plantation industry usually refers to the production industry that cultivates plants to obtain products. Broadly speaking, plantation industry includes both crop cultivation and forest fruit production. Cultivation production is the basic source of human means of subsistence, the production of food, oil, sugar, vegetables, as well as timber and fruit, some as a means of subsistence, some as industrial raw materials. Plantation production utilizes the natural conditions of light, heat, water and air on the land, and obtains products by converting energy through the plant growth function. Therefore, plantation production is y affected by meteorological hazards in nature, as well as the threat of pests and diseases and accidents such as fires. Plantation insurance, as a risk management tool that spreads risks and provides timely financial compensation after a disaster, is increasingly recognized and plays an increasingly important role. Plantation insurance generally includes two categories: crop insurance and forestry insurance.

(a) Crop insurance

Crops are plants cultivated artificially, including food crops, cash crops, green manure and feed crops. According to the different growth stages of the above crops, crop insurance can be specifically categorized into growing crop insurance and harvest crop insurance.

1. Growing crop insurance. Growing crop insurance is to the seedling to harvest before the crop in the growth process as the subject of insurance insurance. At present, China's growing crop insurance: wheat planting insurance, rice planting insurance, corn planting insurance, cotton planting insurance, tobacco planting insurance, sugarcane planting insurance.

2. Harvest crop insurance. Harvest crop insurance is to cover crops harvested in the process of drying, rolling, threshing and baking and processing, due to floods, floods, storms and other disasters caused by the loss of crop products of a kind of insurance, such as the wheat field summer grain fire insurance, baking tobacco flood insurance.

(ii) forest insurance

The subject matter of forest insurance mainly refers to artificial cultivation of artificial forests and artificial cultivation of fruit forests of two categories. The original forest or natural forest does not belong to the scope of the insurance subject.

1. forest insurance. The disasters encountered by forest trees during the growing period include fire, insect damage, wind, snow, floods, etc., of which fire is the main disaster of the forest. At present, China only insures a single fire liability, and will gradually expand the scope of insurance liability in the future. Forest insurance can be determined according to the future growth period, or it can be underwritten on a regular basis for one year and renewed upon expiration. There are two ways to determine the amount of insurance for forest insurance: one is to determine the cost of wood according to forestation; the second is divided into a number of grades to determine.

2. fruit tree insurance. Fruit tree insurance according to the natural disasters of the main tree species in the insured area to choose a single disaster or accompanying disasters as insurance liability, for fruit tree pests and diseases are generally not covered. Fruit tree insurance can be generally categorized into fruit tree yield insurance and fruit tree death insurance. Fruit tree yield insurance only insure fruit trees of the fruiting period, the beginning of the fruiting period and senescence is generally not covered; insurance period is from the time of fruit to the fruit to reach the harvest maturity of the end. Fruit tree death insurance insurance period is mostly limited to 1 year.

Second, farming insurance

Farming is the use of animal . Physiological functions, through artificial breeding to obtain livestock and poultry products and aquatic products of the production industry. Because the object of labor in the aquaculture industry is a living animal, they have the characteristics of displacement and swimming in the production process, therefore, in the use of natural forces, than the planting industry has greater flexibility. However, farming is also affected by natural disasters and accidents, and is particularly seriously threatened by death from disease. Farming insurance, with living animals as the subject matter of insurance, compensates the insured for losses caused by natural disasters and accidents within the scope of insurance liability during the period of rearing after the policyholder pays a certain amount of insurance premium. This is one of the best forms of scientific management of farming risks. Generally, the farming industry insurance is divided into two categories: livestock and poultry farming insurance and aquaculture insurance.

(a) Livestock and poultry farming insurance

Livestock and poultry farming insurance is to artificial breeding of livestock and poultry as the object of insurance farming insurance. In livestock and poultry farming insurance, according to the characteristics of the insurance subject, can be divided into livestock insurance and poultry insurance.

1. Livestock insurance. Livestock in the breeding process, facing a greater risk of disaster, such as disease, natural disasters or accidents caused by death or disability. Livestock insurance is generally based on different livestock rearing risks, select several major infectious diseases, plus some natural disasters and accidents as insurance liability. But try to avoid underwriting risks closely related to human factors.

2. Poultry insurance. Poultry insurance refers to a kind of insurance for birds that have been domesticated and bred by people for a long time and can provide products such as meat, eggs, down or other uses. As poultry is generally raised in a high-density scale, the underwriting liability is based on comprehensive liability for diseases, natural disasters and accidents.

(ii) aquaculture insurance

Aquaculture insurance refers to the use of waters for artificial aquaculture of aquatic products due to natural disasters and accidents caused by economic losses, to provide financial compensation for a kind of insurance. From the aquatic environment conditions of aquaculture, there are two main categories of freshwater aquaculture insurance and marine aquaculture insurance.

1. freshwater aquaculture insurance. Freshwater aquaculture insurance mainly covers fish, mussels, pearls and so on. Freshwater aquaculture insurance mainly covers the death of the subject matter of the insurance due to natural disasters or accidents caused by non-human factors, and generally does not cover the death caused by disease.

2. Mariculture insurance. Mariculture insurance refers to the use of seawater resources for artificial culture to provide a kind of insurance. At present, the start of the seawater aquaculture insurance shrimp aquaculture insurance, scallop aquaculture insurance. Mariculture is mainly concentrated in the shallow sea and mudflats in coastal areas, and therefore faces risks mainly caused by typhoons, tsunamis, abnormal tides, desalination or seawater pollution, etc., resulting in the loss of the subject matter of the insurance or death. Marine aquaculture insurance liability is mainly caused by natural disasters, loss of oxygen, floating head death, etc., on the disease, death risk generally need special coverage.