Seek some simple knowledge of Japanese geography, history, culture and customs.

Japan, the full name of Japan, is located in the east of Asia and the northwest of the Pacific Ocean. The country name means "the country of sunrise", and the territory consists of Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Hokkaido and more than 7,200 small islands, with a total area of 378,000 square kilometers. The main ethnic group is Hezhe who speaks Japanese, with a total population of about 1.26 billion.

In the middle of the 3rd century AD, a big country "Yamato State" appeared in its territory. In 645 AD, the Japanese learned the practices of the Tang Dynasty in China and made great changes. /kloc-entered the shogunate era in the late 20th century.

From 65438 to 0868, Japan learned from the European and American powers, carried out the Meiji Restoration, quickly joined the ranks of capitalist powers, gradually embarked on the path of militaristic aggression and expansion, and invaded China, North Korea and other Asian countries many times. After Japan surrendered in World War II, the United States sent troops to occupy Japan. 1947 promulgated a new constitution, which changed from an imperial country to a parliamentary cabinet country with the emperor as the national symbol. Japan pursued the route of "emphasizing economy over armament" after the war, and became the largest economic power in the Far East in the late 1960s. Since 1990s, its economy has been in a long-term downturn, facing serious social problems such as aging and declining birthrate, but it is still the third largest economy in the world after the United States and China.

Japan is a highly developed capitalist country. Lack of resources, extreme dependence on imports, highly developed manufacturing industry is the main pillar of the national economy. Its research and development ability is very strong, with a large number of multinational companies and scientific research institutions. The annual scientific research expenditure accounts for about 3. 1% of the national GDP, ranking first in developed countries. In addition, the cultural industry dominated by animation and game industry and the developed tourism industry are also important symbols. Japan is a model in many aspects, such as environmental protection and resource utilization. Its citizens have a good general education level, a high living standard and a high quality. Up to now, Japanese traditional culture represented by tea ceremony, flower path and book path is still preserved.

I. Place

Japan is located in the east of Eurasia and the northwest of the Pacific Ocean. Its territory consists of Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu and more than 7,200 other small islands, so it is also known as the "country of thousands of islands". Japan has a land area of about 377,900 square kilometers. The eastern and southern parts of Japan are the endless Pacific Ocean, bordering the Sea of Japan and the East China Sea in the west, the Sea of Okhotsk in the north, and facing North Korea, South Korea, China, Russia, the Philippines and other countries across the sea. Hokkaido, Japan has one of the most famous fishing grounds in the world-Hokkaido Fishing Ground, which is formed by the confluence of Thousand Island Cold Current and Japanese Warm Current.

Second, climate.

Japan is dominated by temperate and subtropical monsoon climate, with hot and rainy summer, cold and dry winter and distinct four seasons. The national latitude is 25, and the temperature difference between north and south is very significant.

The precipitation in Japan is the highest in the world. The main reasons include winter snowfall in Japan's coastal areas; Continuous plum rains in June-July (May-June in Okinawa and Amami); And typhoons that landed in or near Japan from summer to autumn. The highest recorded temperature in Japan is 40.9℃, which was measured on August 16, 2007 in Kumagu City, saitama and Dongdao City, Gifu County. The lowest recorded temperature is -4 1℃,1measured in Asahikawa, Hokkaido on October 25th, and it is 1902 65438+.

Third, the terrain

Japan is a mountainous island country. Mountains are distributed in the center of Japan in the form of ridges, which divide Japan's territory into one side of the Pacific Ocean and one side of the Sea of Japan. Mountains and hills account for 765,438+0% of the total area, and most of them are volcanoes. The forest coverage rate is as high as 67%. Mount Fuji is the highest mountain in Japan, with an altitude of 3776 meters. It is the highest peak in Japan and is honored as "Shengyue" by the Japanese.

The Japanese archipelago is located at the junction of the Asia-Europe plate and the Pacific plate, that is, the volcanic seismic belt around the Pacific Ocean. Volcanic and seismic activities are frequent, and the more harmful earthquakes will occur 1 time on average within three years.

The plains of Japan are mainly distributed in the coastal areas of the lower reaches of rivers, mostly alluvial plains, with a small scale. The larger plains are Shikai Plain, Yuehou Plain, Houwei Plain and Shi Sheng Plain, the largest of which is Kanto Plain. Japan's plain area is small, the cultivated land is very limited, and the population physiological density is as high as 2924 people/square kilometer, ranking 26th in the world.

Four. geology

Japan is located at the extinction boundary between the Asia-Europe plate and the Pacific plate, and it is a part of the combination of island arc, coastal mountains and trenches in the western Pacific. 68% of this country is mountainous. The highest mountain in Japan is the famous Mount Fuji, with an altitude of 3776 meters. Japan is located in the volcanic seismic belt around the Pacific Ocean. One tenth of the world's volcanoes are located in Japan, and volcanic activities often occur all over the country. According to statistics, more than 20% of all earthquakes of magnitude 6 or above in the world occurred in Japan.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) river

Japan has short rivers and abundant water resources, and the longest Shinano River is about 367 kilometers long. The largest lake is Lake Biwa, with an area of 672.8 "? .

Ocean of intransitive verbs

Japan's coastline is 33,889 kilometers long. As Japan is an island country, its coastline is very complicated. There are many cliffs in the Sea of Japan in the west, few ports, and many estuaries in the Pacific Ocean in the east, forming many natural ports.

In the East Pacific Ocean, it is surrounded by the Japanese warm current (Kuroshio) from south to north, and the Kuroshio cold current (pro-tide) forms in the northeast. In the West Sea of Japan, there are warm currents and Riemann cold currents flowing to Malaysia. At the intersection of cold current and warm current, there are abundant fish resources and become natural fishing grounds. Because it is surrounded by the sea, it is mild and humid all year round, with no severe cold in winter and no heat in summer. There are many typhoons in summer and autumn, and it rains in June. 1 Monthly average temperature is -6℃ in the north and16℃ in the south; In July, it was 17℃ in the north and 28℃ in the south. The annual precipitation is 700-3500mm, and the maximum is over 4000mm.

Seven. natural resource

Japan is poor in natural resources. Except for a very small amount of mineral resources such as coal, natural gas and sulfur, other major raw materials and fuels needed for industrial production must be imported from overseas. However, Japan is rich in forest and fishery resources, and the forest coverage rate accounts for 69% of Japan's land area, making it one of the countries with the highest forest coverage rate in the world. Hokkaido and the Sea of Japan are world-famous fishing grounds, rich in more than 700 kinds of fish.