Basic composition and existing defects of traditional ignition system

Category: Life >> Car purchase and maintenance

Problem description:

What are the basic components and defects of the traditional ignition system?

thank you

Analysis:

The traditional ignition system is mainly composed of power supply, ignition coil, distributor, ignition switch, spark plug, additional resistor and its short circuit device, high and low voltage wires and so on.

1. The power supply consists of a battery and a generator. When starting, the ignition system is provided with low-voltage electric energy by the storage battery; After starting, when the generator voltage is higher than the battery voltage, the ignition system is provided with low-voltage electric energy by the generator.

2. The ignition coil converts 12V low-voltage electricity provided by the automobile power supply into high-voltage electricity that can break through the spark plug gap.

3. The distributor is driven by the camshaft of the generator, and the primary current of the ignition coil is switched on and off on time, so that the ignition coil can generate high-voltage electricity in time and deliver the high-voltage electricity to the spark plugs of each cylinder according to the ignition sequence; At the same time, the ignition time can be adjusted automatically and manually. Among them, the function of capacitor is to reduce the contact spark of circuit breaker and improve the secondary voltage of ignition coil.

4. The ignition switch controls the on-off of the low-voltage circuit of the ignition system, and controls the startup and shutdown of the generator.

5. Spark plugs introduce high-voltage electricity into the combustion chamber to generate electric sparks to ignite the mixture.

6. When the additional resistance short-circuit device is started, the additional resistance is short-circuited to increase the primary current of the ignition coil and enhance the flashover energy when the spark plug is started.

Four major defects: 1. Can not meet the requirements of multi-cylinder high-speed engine.

2. Spark plug carbon deposit is difficult to clean.

3. The system capacitance is not easy to choose.

4. Contact clearance needs to be adjusted frequently.