What is the difference between organic nonmetallic materials and inorganic nonmetallic materials?

First of all, the overview of the two is different:

1. Overview of organic nonmetallic materials (i.e. organic polymer materials): Organic polymer materials are also called polymers or polymers. A kind of macromolecules with multiple repeating monomer units, which are composed of one or more molecules or molecular groups (structural units or monomers) bonded by valence bonds. It can be natural products such as fiber, protein and natural rubber, or it can be made by synthetic methods, such as synthetic rubber, synthetic resin, synthetic fiber and other non-biological polymers.

2. Overview of inorganic nonmetallic materials: Inorganic nonmetallic materials are materials composed of oxides, carbides, nitrides, halogen compounds, borides, silicates, aluminates, phosphates, borates and other substances of certain elements. It is the general name of all materials except organic polymer materials and metal materials.

Second, the common types of the two are different:

1. Common types of organic nonmetallic materials: According to the properties and uses of polymers, organic polymer materials can be divided into three categories: plastic, fiber and rubber, in addition to coatings, adhesives and ion exchange resins.

2. Types of inorganic nonmetallic materials: silica aerogel, cement, glass and ceramics.

Third, the characteristics of the two are different:

1, characteristics of organic nonmetallic materials:

The atoms in (1) polymer with electrical properties are connected by valence bonds, and there are no free electrons and ions, so it has low dielectric constant, low dielectric loss and high insulation.

(2) During the heating process, the macromolecular chains and segments of the hot polymer are easy to move, so its heat resistance is poor. Because there are no free electrons in the polymer, the thermal conductivity is low. The linear expansion coefficient of polymer is also large.

(3) Chemically stable polymers do not react electrochemically and are not easy to react with other substances. Therefore, most polymers have high chemical stability and excellent corrosion resistance to acid and alkaline solutions.

2, the characteristics of inorganic nonmetallic materials:

Ordinary inorganic nonmetallic materials are characterized by high compressive strength, high hardness, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. In addition, cement has excellent gelling properties, glass has excellent optical properties, ceramics has excellent corrosion resistance and dielectric properties, and refractories have excellent heat insulation properties, which are beyond the reach of metal materials and polymer materials.

However, compared with metal materials, it is a brittle material with low fracture strength and lack of ductility. Compared with polymer materials, the density is higher and the manufacturing process is more complicated.

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