What does the pressure steam sterilizer include?

According to the different ways of discharging cold air, pressure steam sterilizers can be divided into two categories: low exhaust pressure steam sterilizers and pre-vacuum pressure steam sterilizers. The lower exhaust pressure steam sterilizer is also called gravity displacement pressure steam sterilizer, and its sterilization is based on the principle of gravity displacement, so that hot steam is discharged from the lower exhaust hole in the sterilizer from top to bottom, and the discharged cold air is replaced by saturated steam. The latent heat released by steam is used to sterilize articles. The sterilization principle of pre-vacuum pressure steam sterilizer is that negative pressure is formed in the sterilization cabinet by mechanical vacuum pumping, so that steam can quickly penetrate into the interior of articles for sterilization. According to the times of vacuumizing, it can be divided into pre-vacuum and pulsating vacuum. The latter is more thorough and reliable because of repeated vacuuming.

The pressure steam sterilizer can use external pipeline steam, and can also use the electric steam boiler matched with the pressure steam sterilizer to generate steam at any time. Some small down-exhaust pressure steam sterilizers can also heat the water in the sterilization pot through electric furnaces and gas stoves to generate steam to achieve the purpose of sterilization. Generally speaking, the steam source of external pipeline steam is sufficient, which is suitable for steam sterilizers with high pressure. The amount of steam produced by an electric steam boiler per unit time is usually small, which requires a long heating time.

The traditional pressure steam sterilizer has a single door. With the increasingly strict requirements of aseptic operation, there are more and more double-door pressure steam sterilizers. This sterilizer is especially suitable for places with clean areas and polluted areas, and it is specially used to treat the polluted articles entering the clean areas from the polluted areas. Some sterilized articles in hospitals and pharmaceutical factories often use double-door pressure steam sterilizers in the production process.

According to the position of steam pipe in sterilizer, there are two types: jacket type and sleeve type. The steam pipe of the former is outside the sterilizer cavity, which is a classic way with the characteristics of small volume, convenient discharge of sterilized articles and convenient maintenance of the sterilizer. The steam pipe of the latter is inside the sterilizer cavity, which has the characteristics of convenient processing, wide heat transfer area and more direct and rapid heating.

Because the volume of pressure sterilizer is related to the sterilization effect and monitoring method, the International Standardization Committee classifies the pressure steam sterilizer with a volume less than 60 liters as a small pressure steam sterilizer. According to the external features of sterilizers, there are also differences among vertical, horizontal, desktop and mobile pressure steam sterilizers.

The design of ordinary pressure steam sterilizers generally does not consider the environmental pollution caused by the discharged cold air, but it is necessary to sterilize the cold air when dealing with infectious materials, especially the pressure steam sterilizers in biosafety laboratories, and there should be a cold air disinfection device on the exhaust pipe.