Technological process of cotton fabric

The selection of dyeing and finishing process of pure cotton fabric can be divided into scouring and bleaching, dyeing, printing and finishing according to the variety, specification and finished product requirements of the fabric. Natural fibers contain impurities, and in the process of textile processing, various sizes, oils and polluted dirt are added. The existence of these impurities not only hinders the smooth progress of dyeing and finishing, but also affects the wearability of fabrics. The purpose of scouring and bleaching is to remove impurities from the fabric by chemical and physical and mechanical actions, so that the fabric is white, soft and breathable, which meets the wearing requirements and provides qualified semi-finished products for dyeing, printing and finishing.

The main processes of scouring and bleaching of pure cotton fabric are: grey cloth preparation, singeing, desizing, scouring, bleaching and mercerizing. Dyeing is a process that dyes and fibers are physically or chemically combined, or pigments are generated on fibers by chemical methods, so that the whole textile has a certain color. Dyeing is carried out under certain conditions, such as temperature, time, PH value and necessary dyeing auxiliaries. Dyed products should have uniform color and good color fastness. The dyeing methods of fabrics are mainly divided into dip dyeing and pad dyeing. Dip dyeing is a method of dipping the fabric into dye solution to make the dye gradually penetrate the fabric. Suitable for small batch and multi-variety dyeing. Rope dyeing and jigging belong to this category. Pad dyeing is a dyeing method in which the fabric is soaked in dye solution, then the fabric passes through a roller, and the dye solution is evenly rolled into the fabric, and then steamed or hot-melted. It is suitable for dyeing a large number of fabrics.