What are the idioms related to clothing?

Chinese idioms and national culture

Learning more about Chinese idioms, especially the relationship between idioms and national culture, is useful for standardizing the use of idioms and improving the quality of review articles. Idioms are the essence of Chinese language and culture, as long as the meaning of each idiom is carefully savored, we will find that it contains the rich cultural connotations of the Chinese nation. Compared with general vocabulary, the relationship between Chinese idioms and culture is more obvious, prominent, and rich in personality.

In the idioms, we can learn about various aspects of Chinese culture: from astronomy, calendar, geography, history, literature, art, military, religion, morality, ethics, ideology, to food, clothing, utensils, architecture, rituals, music and so on. Take dress as an example, there are a series of idioms such as "OVERLAPPING OVERHEAD", "E Crown", "Phoenix Crown", "Python Robe and Jade Belt", "Elephant Jane", "Praise Clothes", "Square Collar and Round Crown", "Square Towel", "Square Towel", "Square Towel", "Long Robe", "Cloth", "Winter Fur and Summer Kudzu", "Ayala Silk and Satin", "Ge Towel and Cloth Robe", "Short Brown Wearing a Knot", "Ge Towel", "Wild Clothing", and "Inverted Clothing".

These idioms briefly and representatively outline the characteristics of the Chinese people's dress for thousands of years, as well as the rituals and customs of dressing. For example, "披发左衽" reflects the common dress of certain ethnic minorities in ancient China, specifically referring to an extremely loose and simple attire. "E crown and belt" refers to the ancient scholar's unique attire, that is, high hat and wide sash. And "phoenix crown xia phi" is a kind of decorated with colorful phoenix hat and the beauty of the shawl like clouds, it is the ancient aristocracy and by the court of the official family of the adult women's attire. "Python robe and jade belt" is a robe embroidered with a python and decorated with a jade belt, which was originally the official dress of the Ming Dynasty, and later evolved into the costumes of the emperors and generals in traditional operas. The "Elephant Jane Wuza" refers to the attire of the ancient officials, "Jane" is the ancient ministers of the monarch held during the audience with the notepad, also known as the Chaowu; "Wuza" is a kind of black yarn made of the official hat. "praise clothing with" that is, wide robes and broad belt, it is the ancient Confucian students unique attire. In addition, there are "square collar round crown" "square scarf broad clothing"

Square scarf robe" also refers to the attire of Confucian students. Before the Yuan Dynasty, linen, brown cloth, silk as a common material for clothing, "winter fur summer kudzu" means that the winter wear fur clothes, summer wear kudzu made clothes. Silk in China is a very early production of clothing materials, with the continuous development of silk weaving process, the emergence of "damask", "Luo", "silk", "satin". "" dude "" silk " and so on a variety of silk products, so there is a " damask silk satin " this idiom, it refers to the exquisite silk fabrics or with the exquisite Silk fabrics made of clothing. If you go one step deeper to savor the meaning of these idioms, you will also find wearing different materials of clothing and the status of the person has a certain connection. Fur made of clothes than other materials made of clothes warm and expensive, kudzu made of clothes than other materials made of summer clothes breathable and cool, this type of clothing is expensive, status and identity of the people to wear, so can "winter fur summer kudzu"

Mostly rich and powerful people. Silk clothing only the rich and powerful people can afford to wear, so there are rich children as "dude" idiom ("dude" is a kind of raw silk made of beautiful clothes). The clothes of the common people were mostly "katsuobushi", "katsuobushi", "katsuobushi", "katsuobushi", "katsuobushi", "katsuobushi", and "katsuobushi". The "Ge" in these idioms is different from the "Ge" in "Winter Fur, Summer Ge", which is a herb that can be made into cloth, but has a very rough texture. In addition, the laborers were poor and often engaged in production, so it was impossible for them to wear the "crowns" and "python robes" and "broad suits". Instead, they often wore "short brown", and some of them had "knots". Even if the same material made of clothes, wearing different ways, can also reflect the wearer's different identity and occupation, such as "anti-fur negative ruminants" this idiom, the same is said to wear with animal skin ("fur") to do the clothes, but because it violates the wear But because it violates the custom of wearing "fur" with the fur facing outward and the side with fur facing inward, it shows that there is something special about it. The reason for this is that the wearer of the "fur"

had to "carry firewood", and if he wore the fur on the outside, it would be worn out when he carried the firewood, so this was the attire of the poor. Through the above idioms, we can understand the difference between rich and poor as reflected by the difference in dress. The costumes of the ancient people in China not only had various materials, rich decorations and complicated identity markers, but also paid attention to strict dress etiquette. The idiom of "upside down clothes" reflects this aspect. The word "衣裳" in modern Chinese means clothes, regardless of the top and bottom, but in ancient times, it was a very delicate matter. Generally speaking, the ancients called the top as the clothes, and the bottom as the garments, and if the top and bottom clothes were worn upside down, it would be against the etiquette. It can be seen that although idioms are only a kind of vocabulary in Chinese language, they contain rich traditional cultural information. Idioms reflect the characteristics of Chinese culture in a concentrated and typical way. The landscapes, animals, plants and artifacts appearing in the idioms often carry obvious values of the national culture. For example, in idioms, "Taishan" is used as an analogy to express a very significant, weighty and prudent meaning. For example, Sima Qian's "Reporting Ren'an Book" has a sentence "There is a death, or heavier than Mount Taishan, or lighter than a feather", in which the word "heavier than Mount Taishan" is a metaphor for the meaning of human death in this sentence. Another example is "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", 45th time: "Kong Ming said: 'Although I live in the tiger's mouth, I am at peace with Mount Tai.'" Here it means that the situation is stable and firm, without danger. The reason why "Taishan" appears more often in idioms is inseparable from its position in national culture. In the minds of the Chinese people, Mount Tai is not a mountain with ordinary geographical significance, it is the first of the five mountains, there are "five mountains," "five mountains of the long" "five mountains," the praise, it is

tall, solemn, sacred symbols. Therefore, the practice of shallow and ignorant people called "eyes do not know Taishan", will be highly respected or outstanding achievements and people admire the people as "Taishan Beidou", the great man of heavy responsibility as "Taishan Liangmu ", the powerful force pressed against the fragile things as "Taishan pressing eggs", the stability and solidity as "Taishan rock", the death of the people looked up to as "Taishan its decadence The death of a person whom all people look up to is a metaphor for "the collapse of Tarzan". The dragon is a symbol of honor, majesty, good fortune and mystery for the Chinese people, so the idiom of "dragon and phoenix presenting good fortune", "dragon flying phoenix dancing", "dragon flying phoenix dancing", "dragon flying phoenix dancing", "dragon flying phoenix dancing", "dragon flying phoenix dancing", "dragon flying phoenix dancing", "dragon flying phoenix dancing", and "dragon phoenix dancing". "Dragon and Phoenix Dance", "Dragon Colt and Phoenix Chicks" for talented and handsome young people, "Dragon Eyebrows and Phoenix Eyes" for people with handsome appearance and extraordinary temperament, "Hidden Dragon and Crouching Dragon" for hidden talents and heroes, and "Hidden Dragon and Crouching Dragon" for rare and precious animals. "Dragon's Eye", "Dragon's Liver and Phoenix's Marrow" for rare delicacies, "Dragon's Breath and Tiger's Leap" to describe a person's power and courage, "Dragon's Gallop and Tiger's Footsteps" to describe a person's majestic and powerful demeanor. The death of an emperor is referred to as the "Dragon's Royal Guest", and the loss of power is referred to as the "Dragon's Loss of Power". A medium-sized idiom dictionary, such as the Chinese Idioms Dictionary, contains nearly 100 idioms with the character "dragon". In addition, there are also "tiger", "horse", "dog", "fox", "mouse", "jackal", "horse", "dog" and "mouse". ", "jackal", "wolf" and other animals, "pine," "bamboo" "Plum," "Chrysanthemum," "Orchid," "Ai" and other plants, as well as the sun, moon, mountains, rivers and other natural landscapes. They are widely found in the idioms, and each image contains the values and aesthetics of the Chinese nation, which are centrally and typically shown through the circulation of the idioms.

As a kind of Chinese vocabulary, idioms seem to be independent and disorderly when they are used, but when they are linked together, they systematically reflect the whole national culture. The clothing of the ethnic groups mentioned above can be reflected in idioms in a relatively complete and systematic way. Ethnic clothing, food, housing and transportation, customs, rules and regulations, etc., can be found through the organization of idioms, a relatively independent and complete system. For example, the music culture of ancient China is quite developed and unique, and all the idioms reflecting music can be linked together to reveal the content of ancient Chinese music culture. From "silk, bamboo, pipes and strings", "sheng, xiao, pipe and flute", "golden stone, string and silk", "the qin and the serpent are not in tune", "holding the serpent does not play", "holding the serpent does not play". From the idioms such as "the qin and the serpent are not in tune", "holding the serpent but not blowing yu", "the bells and drums sing in unison", "the Qin zheng and the Zhao serpent", "the sheng and the chime are in unison" and so on, we can understand that the ancient musical instruments of China are We can understand that the ancient musical instruments in China include plucked instruments such as "zither" and "serpent", "sheng" and "xiao", and "flute" and "dizi". "flute", "yu" and other wind instruments, as well as "bells", "drums", "gold", "gold" and "gold". "Jin", "Shi", "Chime" and other percussion instruments

Instrument. "Huang Zhong Da Lu", "Piece of Gong Shang", "Containing Shang and Mouthful of Levies", "Quoting Shang and Carving Feathers". "to the palace laughs corner" "move the Shang for the feather" "five tones and six rhythms" and other idioms, recorded China's unique ancient music theory "twelve tones and rhythms The idiom of "five tones and six rhythms" records the unique music theory of China in ancient times, "twelve tones and rhythms", and the theory of palaces formed from it. There are also idioms such as "Qi Zhong Wei Drum", "Qin Zheng Zhao Se", "Chu Silk Yan Song" and so on reflecting the regional characteristics of China's ancient music life, "Yangchun Baixue", "Lower Li Li Xue" and "Lower Li Xue". The idioms "Yangchunbaixue" and "Xiali Baren" record the repertoire of ancient music, while "Daxin Xixing" and "The Voice Beyond the Strings" and "The End of the Song Plays Elegant" and "The Remaining Sound "" after the sound of the beam "reflects the pursuit of the ancients of the musical realm," "Zheng Wei voice" "the first voice" "" Mulberry sound", "the sound of music" reflects the ancient people's understanding of the musical style and division, "urgent pipe and string", "the mourning silk ho bamboo" reflects the ancient Silk and bamboo music play the effect of different music, "make the pipe tune string" "make silk play bamboo" "beat gongs and drums" shows the different musical instruments of different ways of playing, there are also "The Heart of the Qin and the Sword of the Gallbladder", "Spring Chanting and Summer Strings", "The Qin and the Broken Zhu Strings", "The Qin and the Wine and the Wine and the Fugue". "The Qin and the Serpent are in tune with each other" expresses the values of the ancient people of China, which were born out of music. Like music, there are also operas, dances, calligraphy, seal-carving, painting, and so on, all of which, like music, can be understood from idioms in a more systematic and complete way. The reason why idioms have always been loved by people is inseparable from their unique cultural connotations. As a cultural person engaged in publishing work, understanding and familiarizing with this valuable cultural heritage in the national language not only helps to enrich the knowledge of the traditional national culture, but also helps to improve one's own cultural cultivation and the quality of the manuscripts.