In what ways did medieval monasteries educate?

In the Middle Ages in Europe, the Christian Church monopolized education in Europe. Schools were run in monasteries and only the clergy had the right to education. The courses of study were called the "Seven Arts," which were grammar, rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and music. Formally, the "Seven Arts" were literary and scientific disciplines, but in reality they were developed according to religious needs: grammar to understand the grammar of the Bible, rhetoric to train in the dialectic of preaching and speaking, logic to argue theological propositions, arithmetic to argue the relevant data in the Bible, geometry to show that the earth is not round, and astronomy to calculate religious feasts and festivals. Astronomy to calculate religious holidays, music to sing hymns, and so on and so forth. Teachers were all clergymen, lectures were given in Latin, and the Bible was the only textbook. Therefore, the medieval European culture and education is very backward, except for a few into the church school of the clergy can read, write Latin, the ordinary people are almost all illiterate, that is, the secular aristocrats can read and write very few. People only knew the Bible, but did not know that there were other books; they only knew theology, but did not know that there were literature, art and science. That is why some people called the Middle Ages the "Dark Ages".

The creation and growth of cities led to increasing socio-economic and political complexity. The traditional ecclesiastical schools, which served to train monks, could no longer meet the needs of the new economic and political life. The emerging civic class demanded the breaking of the church's monopoly on culture and education and the establishment of new types of city schools managed by the city authorities. City schools first appeared in Italian cities, and were soon followed by other cities in Western Europe: the selection of teachers, the determination of children's eligibility for admission, and the amount of tuition fees were all regulated by the city authorities, and the Church had no right to intervene. Roman law was taught in most city schools because it emphasized sovereignty and property rights. In line with the needs of the political economy at the time, city schools later became the basis for the rise of the European medieval university.