What are some of the undeveloped ancient villages in China now?

Anhui ancient villages--Xidi, Hongcun

Hongcun Hongcun is located in the northwest corner of Yixian County, 65 kilometers away from Tunxi, 11 kilometers away from Yixian County. The village was built in the Northern Song Dynasty, nearly 1,000 years ago, and was originally a place where the Wang family lived. The people of ancient Hongcun had the unique opportunity to open the "bionics" of the precedent, planning and construction of the "China's best" ox-shaped village and artificial water system, a unified view of the village, like a big water buffalo with its head and hooves, has become a "great spectacle in the history of architecture". There are more than 140 well-preserved ancient houses of the Ming and Qing dynasties in the village. The folk palace "Chengzhitang" is the most magnificent ancient residence in Southern Anhui. Inside the village, there are many buildings and courtyards, and the lake and mountains are so beautiful that they are in perfect harmony with each other, and the atmosphere is so beautiful that everywhere is a scene, and every step is a picture. From the natural environment outside the village to the water system, streets, buildings and even the interior layout of the village, the original state of the ancient village has been completely preserved, without the slightest sign of modern civilization. Hongcun, with its unique shape and wonderful idyllic scenery, is known as "China's Painted Countryside".

Xidi

Xidi Village was first built in the Northern Song Dynasty, with a history of 950 years, and it is a place where people with the surname Hu live. The whole village is in the shape of a boat, surrounded by mountains on all sides, with two streams passing through the village, and the streets and lanes along the streams in the village are paved with green stones, so that the whole village space is natural and smooth, and the movement and static are suitable. The ancient buildings on both sides of the streets and lanes are elegant and simple, and they are scattered. In Xidi Village, there are 124 Ming and Qing Dynasty ancient houses and 3 ancestral halls, including Lingyun Pavilion, the Assassin's Pavilion, Ruiyu Ting, Peach and Plum Garden, Dongyuan, Xiyuan, Dafu Di, Jing'ai Hall, Cuifu Hall, Qingyun Xuan, Yingfu Hall and so on, which can be regarded as a model of Huizhou School of ancient house building art.

Xidi village head of the three green stone pagoda built in the Ming Wanli six years (1578 AD), four columns and five floors, lofty, sophisticated structure, is a symbol of the status of the Hu family eminence; in the village, there is a Kangxi years built "Cuifutang", elegant furnishings, full of books, the hall entitled "book poetry by the world article, filial piety and fraternal duty to pass on the family fundamental", "reading good business good effect is good, difficult to start a business is difficult to keep difficult to know difficult is not difficult" couplets, showing the "Confucian businessman" nature; the village another Another ancient house in the village is "Dafu Di", built in the 30th year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty (1691 AD) for the pavilion-style building on the street, originally used for scenic views. Under the doorway, there is the inscription of "take a step back and think", which is sobering and memorable.

Hongcun

Hongcun was built during the Shaoxi period of the Southern Song Dynasty (1190-1194 AD), and was originally inhabited by the Wang family name, and has been inhabited for more than 800 years. It is located on the back of the remaining veins of the Huangshan Mountains, such as the Sheep Stack Ridge and Leigang Mountain, the terrain is high, and often the clouds steam up the sky, sometimes like thick ink and heavy colors, sometimes like splashing ink and writing, it really seems like a slowly unfolding scroll of landscapes, and is therefore known as the "countryside in Chinese paintings".

Ancient Hongcun people planned and constructed the ox-shaped village and artificial water system, which is "a great wonder in the history of architecture" today: the lofty and verdant Leigang is the head of the ox, the sky-high ancient trees are the horns of the ox, and the staggering group of residential houses from the east to the west is just like a spoiled large ox body. Citing the clear spring for the "cow's intestine", through the village into the moon pond known as the "cow's stomach", filtered and flowed to the village is known as the "tripe" of the South Lake. People have also built four bridges over the river and stream around the village, which serve as the legs of the ox. This original scientific design of the village water system, not only for the villagers to solve the fire water, but also regulate the temperature, for residents to produce, living water to provide a convenient, create a kind of "raincoat not prevent the creek is far away, home in front of a clear spring" good environment.

The village has more than 140 well-preserved ancient houses of Ming and Qing dynasties, which are simple, elegant and interesting. The "Chengzhitang" is rich and magnificent, with fine carvings, which can be regarded as the most ancient dwellings in South Anhui; the pavilions of the South Lake Academy are reflected with the lakes and mountains, with traditional Huizhou architectural style; the Jingxiutang, Dongxianhantang, Sanlihantang and Xuirenhantang are either magnificent or simple and dignified, together with the sky-high ancient trees in the village, the old vines in the walls of the houses, and the hundred-year-old peonies in the courtyard, which can be regarded as the best of all the ancient dwellings. In addition, the ancient trees in the village, the old trees with green vines on the walls of the houses, and the century-old peonies in the courtyards, it can be said that every step leads to a scenic view, and every place can be a painting, and at the same time, it also reflects the broad and profound cultural heritage left behind by the long history.

Jiangsu Dongshan Ancient Village of Taihu Lake

Around the vast Taihu Lake, there are dozens of ancient villages of various sizes, which are the witnesses of the affluence and prosperity of Wu Di in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. However, with the passage of time, the former prosperity of the ancient villages has faded. So, our film crew decided to do a search for these cultural relics lost in the dust of history.

Zhejiang

Nanxi River-ancient villages

Nanxi River ancient villages are still preserved ancient cultural imprints, these imprints through the cultural veins of the Chinese nation for thousands of years, the planning layout of the village, architectural style, couplets and inscriptions, and even the village name, the street name, all of them are the literary feelings, especially in the Nanxi River village in the Song Dynasty on the planning, and clear planning ideas, the Nanxi River village in the Song Dynasty, and the Nanxi River village in the Song Dynasty, and the Nanxi River village in the Song Dynasty on the planning, and the Nanxi River village in the Song Dynasty on the planning of the Nanxi River. In particular, the ancient village of Nanxi River had a planning in Song Dynasty, and there is a clear planning idea, which is of high value in the study of China's architectural history and planning history. Ancient villages in Nanxi River built on the ideas of "unity of heaven and man", "qi theory", "bagua", and yin-yang, five elements of feng shui, have a large number of intact genealogies and genealogies. These precious historical and cultural relics can make us understand the outline of the ancient "farming society" and "clan culture" in China.

Looking at the ancient villages of Nanxi River, there are several features:

First, the village has a long history. According to the preserved genealogy of the villages, Mingao village and the village of the lower garden was built in the late Tang Dynasty, built in the Fifth Dynasty, Fenglin, Huatan, Cangpo, Zhou House and other villages, built in the Northern Song Dynasty, Furong, under the gallery, Heryang, Dukou, and other villages, and the rocky head, Pungxi, Yuzhang, Tangwan, Xikou village was built in the Southern Song Dynasty.

Second, the planning is rigorous and harmonious. Almost all villages have Walled Walled Gate, the entire village water system, streets and lanes, well organized, residential houses, courtyards, ritual centers, cultural centers, recreation centers and public **** gardens, etc., in a staggered manner.

Thirdly, there are rich architectural types. Residences, ancestral halls, pavilions, pools, academies, fortress walls, fortress gates, etc., all in one place.

Fourth, the architectural style is simple. There are not many deep houses in the ancient village of Nanxi River, and there are no carved beams and paintings, the houses constructed with pebbles and logs look simple and real, natural and clear, wild and natural, harmonious and friendly.

Fifth, a stronger sense of environment. Whether it is the village site selection, planning, layout or the design of the single building, construction, have demonstrated the Nanxi River ancestors strong environmental awareness and aesthetic ability, highlighting a harmonious relationship between man and nature, integration of the TongTianDiPeople's environmental atmosphere.

Sixth, the clan culture is prominent. The villages are inhabited by a clan and become a relatively closed social unit, generally a village or a family name more villages. Such as Cangpo, Fangxiang for the Li family place, Furong, Tanxia for the Chen family place, Hua Tan, Langxia for the Zhu family, Pengxi, Hesiang for the Xie family, Mingzhao, Yuzhang for the Hu family and so on. At the same time, each clan has its own strict patriarchal law; there are ritual buildings such as ancestral halls, each clan also according to the heavenly stem and earthly branches of every fifteen or sixty years, the purification of genealogy and so on.

Xianxia Stagecoach Road Ancient Villages

Xianxia Ancient Road is a relatively well-preserved stone-paved ancient stagecoach road with a certain scale, and rich in historical and cultural relics such as yards

heads, passes, pavilions, bridges and ancient villages, etc., and retaining the original traditional crafts along the route, and the miscellaneous dialects and other intangible cultural heritages, which are suitable for declaring the world cultural heritage.

Taishun corridor bridge ancient villages

Historically, many celebrities and sages have migrated to Taishun in order to avoid disasters and chaos, and have created a local civilization with the characteristics of mountainous countryside, leaving behind an invaluable historical and cultural heritage. Taishun Corridor Bridge, is one of the most outstanding representatives.

"Corridor Bridge", as the name suggests, is a bridge with eaves. Historically, Taishun, scattered villages, remote transportation. People out walking more than a dozen miles are difficult to see the people. In accordance with Taishun ancestors of the "transportation planning", in a certain distance between the mileage of the road (stone masonry road) on the side, to build a weatherproof pavilion for people to rest their feet. The construction of eaves on the bridge not only protects the timber bridge from sunlight and rain, but also serves as a weatherproof pavilion. Some corridor bridges also have rooms for people to live temporarily.

Xidong Bridge was built 434 years ago, Beijian Bridge also 329 years, the distance between the two bridges is only one mile. Although the difference of one hundred years, are rumored to be Jingning County on the standard Zhang's masters and disciples built. Because the two bridges are very similar in appearance and internal structure, she is like a sister together, so the name is "sister bridge". Both of them are with two layers of arches, (the upper arch with "section square arch bone, the lower with a garden-shaped nine section arch bone) to penetrate, set up, don't, support, top, the pressure of the mechanics of the bridge framed into a solid body, the two ends of the arches of the toes of their respective brackets on both sides of the bridge deck with granite masonry stacked on both sides of the cliffs above the bridge, the bridge's two ends of the arches are also supported by the cuttings of the triangular wooden frame to strengthen the role of the transverse force. In order to prevent wind and rain erosion, both sides of the bridge are covered with red painted boards. This extremely fine and skillful construction. Bridge experts examined that in many wooden beams can not find a false wood, each have her role. The ancients used this principle of triangular mechanics to build the bridge, so her main part without nails, also do not use mortise and tenon rivets, it seems very simple, but they have withstood three, four hundred years of typhoons, flash floods and so far unscathed, which is the biggest science.

In addition, Siji Sisters Bridge also has a little-known feature, that is, when the water is dry, the two bridges level mean only a difference of meters, flash floods in the east, south and north of the three streams are in the middle of the "on the river Yang" convergence, the water surface is flat, offsetting the force of the flowing water, and thus greatly reduce the risk of collapsing bridges, they have this mutual constraints, each other, each other, each other. They have this kind of mutual constraints, mutual concern for the role of its "long and healthy life", which should be attributed to the ingenuity of the ancients. Therefore, the Sisters Bridge days in the bridge site selection, or inside and outside the body shape structure on the scientific, artistic, historical, can be called the world's unique Siji Sisters Bridge.