History of China's Poetry

The development stages are as follows:

1, Pre-Qin Enlightenment

Poetry has a long history in China, stretching for thousands of years. As early as the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period, China's poems had produced a large number of brilliant chapters, which was marked by the appearance of the Book of Songs, China's first poetry collection.

At the end of the Warring States period, a new poetic style with unique Chu culture style-Chu Ci was formed in the southern State of Chu. The sentence patterns of Chu Ci vary in length, with six words and seven words as the main ones, and the word "Xi" is often used.

The Book of Songs and Songs of the South are the two sources of poetry development in later generations, and they are also called "coquettish" in literary history. * * * * jointly created the excellent tradition of realism and romanticism in China's ancient poems, which kept pace and developed together, and set an example for future generations.

2. The rise of the Han Dynasty

In the early Han Dynasty, literati poetry was relatively lonely, and folk Yuefu was quite active. "Yuefu" originally refers to national music institutions, and later generations also refer to the songs collected and edited by Yuefu that can be performed by music as "Yuefu". Folk songs of Han Yuefu are the essence of Han Yuefu.

Under the influence of Han Yuefu, literati's five-character poems gradually developed and matured, marked by Nineteen Ancient Poems, which appeared in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.

3. Mature in Wei and Jin Dynasties

There are not many poems left by the Three Kingdoms and the Western Jin Dynasty, only the poems of Ji Kang and others. There are more and more poems in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, which have produced a large number of beautiful works. Tao Yuanming is praised by later generations for his fresh poetic style. In the Southern Dynasties, the style of writing was gorgeous, the poems were gorgeous, and a large number of allusions were used, among which Qi Liang's poems were the most prosperous. Poetry in the Northern Dynasties is simple and dignified, with Mulan Ci as the most important.

During this period, a large number of poetry comments were produced, which played a great role in the content, thought and appreciation of poetry. Scholars in the Southern Dynasties put forward the theory of four tones and eight diseases, which had a great influence on later poetry creation and appreciation.

4. Sui and Tang Dynasties

During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the poetic style was extremely prosperous. In the early Tang Dynasty, it was famous for Yang Jiong, Lu, Luo and so on. Li Bai and Du Fu were the best poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Li Bai's Farewell to Meng Haoran on the Way to Yangzhou and Du Fu's A Car Shop added many clouds to the sky in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

Poetry in the Middle Tang Dynasty was written by ten talented people in Dali, and Bai Juyi was another peak of China's poetry. His masterpieces include Song of Eternal Sorrow and Pipa. In the late Tang Dynasty, Du Mu and Li Shangyin made great achievements in poetry, worrying about the country and hurting the time.

In the mid-Tang Dynasty, Ci had been finalized. There were many poets in the middle and late Tang Dynasty, and Wen created a large number of words.

5. Song and Yuan Dynasties

There were not many good poems in the Five Dynasties, Su Shi was the most famous in the Northern Song Dynasty, and Huang Tingjian and his "Jiangxi Poetry School" had great influence. In the first half of the Southern Song Dynasty, Yang Wanli, Fan Chengda, Lu You, You Mao and others wrote a lot of poems and made great achievements.

During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, the study of Ci rose, and Yan Feng and Li Yu became excellent poets. Great achievements have been made in the field of ci in the Northern Song Dynasty, including Ouyang Xiu, Su Shi, Liu Yong, Yan and Li Qingzhao.

6. "Retro" and Innovation in Ming Dynasty

The revival of poetry in the early Ming Dynasty was represented by writers Liu Ji and Gao Qi. In the mid-Ming Dynasty, Taige style, the first seven sons and the last seven sons rose one after another, and most of their works were praise, retro, learning from the ancients and so on. Poetry in the late Ming Dynasty did not achieve much.

7. False "Zhongxing" in Qing Dynasty

The number of poetry works and authors in Qing dynasty is huge, and there are many people who make up the numbers, which is shocking. The representative figure is Emperor Qianlong. Later, there were Gong Zizhen and others, and their poems were not good either.

8. Virtual Mega and Modern Crisis

At the beginning of modern poetry, it followed the ancient system, but it produced deformed people such as Huang Zunxian. His works include Wang Guowei, but his works are not good.

After the New Culture Movement, new poetry, namely modern poetry, appeared. Modern poetry in the Republic of China, except crescent school, is mostly free verse, with low style, no rhyme, poor content and affectation.

After the founding of New China, poetry creation was once stagnant. After 1978, misty poetry was very popular in the past ten years, which represented North Island and so on. Since the beginning of the 20th century, online poetry has mushroomed. Although its level is uneven, there are also many excellent works.

Extended data:

The main schools of modern (contemporary) poetry: May 4th Poetry, Crescent School, Modernism, Huxiang School, kuya School, Vague Poetry, Third Generation, Intermediate Generation, Post-70s, Post-80s and so on.

1, new national style

The new national style is the embodiment of the spirit of the national style in the new era. The basic definition of the new national style is: adhering to the traditional spirit of "the hungry sing their food, and the laborers sing their things", standing on the people's standpoint, expressing their actual feelings about contemporary life with concise language and flowing rhythm, and striving to achieve simple and profound artistic effects.

2. The May 4th Movement.

Modern poetry is poetry since the May 4th Movement. The main body is new poetry written in vernacular, and the symbol is to break the old rules of poetry. Guo Moruo, a romantic poet, represents the highest achievement of early new poetry. Most of his works in Goddess were written around 1920, which conveyed the spirit of the times in the May 4th Movement and created a poetic style.

3. Crescent School

An important school of poetry in the history of modern new poetry is generally divided into two periods by 1927. The early stage started from the spring of 1926, and the main members were Zhu Xiang, Rao Mengkan, Sun Dayu, Liu Hewen Yiduo and Xu Zhimo.

They were dissatisfied with the style of "liberal poets" who ignored the art of poetry after the May 4th Movement, advocated new metrical poetry, advocated "rational restraint of emotions", and opposed the disorderly and prosaic tendency of poetry, and made a serious exploration of new metrical poetry from theory to practice.

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