202 1 ancestor worship culture in Mid-Autumn Festival

Mid-Autumn Festival, commonly known as "Ghost Festival" among the people, is also called July 30th and July 15th of the lunar calendar every year. The name of Mid-Autumn Festival comes from Taoism, and Buddhism calls it Arahara Festival. The following is the Mid-Autumn Festival ancestor worship culture I collected. I hope you like it.

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Cultural Connotation and Taboo of Mid-Autumn Festival

On the origin and origin of Mid-Autumn Festival

Complete collection of Mid-Autumn Festival sacrificial process

The Origin and Legend of Mid-Autumn Festival

How to offer sacrifices on the Mid-Autumn Festival and the matters needing attention in offering sacrifices.

What is the custom of Mid-Autumn Festival and what sacrifices are there?

Ancestor worship culture in Mid-Autumn Festival

As a traditional festival of Han nationality in China, Mid-Autumn Festival is also called Orchid Festival or Ghost Festival, commonly known as "July and a half". This festival is very popular all over the country, on the fifteenth day of the seventh lunar month. Its origin begins with Taoism, which believes that the 15th day of the first month is Shangyuan Festival, which is dedicated to heaven, the 15th day of October is Xiayuan Festival, which is dedicated to water, and the 15th day of July is Zhongyuan Festival. It is said that the official of heaven and earth has fallen, and good and evil on earth have been decided. It was the Japanese Taoist temple that fasted and blessed. "Tao Jing" contains "July 15th, the mid-Yuan Dynasty, when local officials and schools selected people to distinguish between good and evil. ..... in its day and night to recite the classic. Top ten sages, Qi Yongling. When the prisoner was hungry, he was relieved. " One theory originated from Buddhism, which is considered to commemorate ancestors. According to Buddhist scriptures, Mulian, a disciple of Sakyamuni, once set up a hundred kinds of fruits to support ten monks and save their mothers from hanging upside down, so Buddhism rose up as a "orchid club". Tang Han's "Ji Hua Li Zhongyuan": "The door is a treasure cover, dedicated to Zhong Yuan. The blue basin of stone is on this day. " The entry "Orchid Club" in Ci Yuan: Buddhist ceremony, which is held by Buddhists every year on July 15 in the summer calendar. Yulan is a transliteration of Sanskrit Ullambana, which means "saving the upside down". According to the Lanpen Bible, Manglietia suffered a lot after her mother's death, such as hanging upside down and asking Buddha for salvation. The Buddha ordered him to prepare 100 kinds of food and feed them on the day when ten monks settled in summer (that is, July 15th in the summer calendar). China Liang Dynasty began to imitate the line. In addition to setting a fast for monks, later generations also added the drama of confession, setting fire to burners, and performing "Mu Lian to save the mother", which once became a habit. Later, it evolved into a folk ancestor worship day. Every family pursues and recommends the dead of ancestors, puts on river lanterns and other activities, and crosses over the dead ghosts.

For a long time, the ancestor worship culture formed in China is a yearning, reverence and awe for ancestors and a true portrayal of national psychology. Missing reflects people's memories of their ancestors' achievements in social life and production activities, reverence reflects people's putting their peace and happiness under the protection of their ancestors, and fear reflects people's fear of being punished by their ancestors for not doing good and accumulating virtue. This complex psychological state is condensed into "filial piety", one of the core of China culture. "Filial piety" means parents who do good deeds. In a broader sense, it also stipulated how brothers and sisters and sister-in-law should get along within the clan, coordinated the relations within the clan, maintained order and established harmonious clan relations. The origin of ancestor worship can be traced back to the late primitive society. Even today, there are still sacrifices to prehistoric social leaders such as Hua Xu, Nu Wa, Huangdi, Yao and Shun. In the long-term ancestor worship activities, there is also a memorial to the orphan soul. Its original intention is to let the lonely soul have food and clothing in the underworld conceived by people, treat the helpless lonely soul well while being kind to parents and ancestors, and establish a harmonious order in the underworld centered on ancestors.

Kindness is the concentrated expression of beauty and goodness, with the meaning of perfection and goodwill, and it is one of the long-term goals pursued by human society. There are a lot of expositions about goodness in China's ancient books. The opening of the university: "The way of the university is to be moral, to be new to the people and to be perfect." The Analects of Confucius said, "Zi Gong asks friends. Confucius said:' Give advice, and be good at giving advice. If not, stop. This is a disgrace to the material. "He added," It's better to be good than not to be bad, just like exploring soup. "Mencius said:" Ancient people, successful people, benefit the people; If you don't succeed, cultivate your morality and see the world. If you are poor, you will be immune, and if you are rich, you will help the world. "The expositions of the sages all educate people to be good in different aspects of life, and also profoundly reflect their pursuit of goodness. This pursuit has been reflected in the process of ancestor worship. People have pushed the experience of the real society to the underworld, hoping that everyone in the underworld will be friendly and harmonious, which also entrusts people with their ideal pursuit of the real society. This is the positive significance of ancestor worship culture to be further explored today.

Filial piety and kindness embodied in ancestor worship culture have very positive significance for building a harmonious culture and society today. China traditional culture attaches importance to harmony and unity, and advocates "among monks" in interpersonal relationships. Confucius advocated that "harmony is the most important thing". Mencius put forward: "The weather is not as good as the geographical position, and the geographical position is not as good as human harmony." "Guanzi" puts forward: "Livestock are raised by virtue. Animals should be guided by Tao, and then people; If you raise it with morality, it will be the will of the people. Harmony can be learned, learning can be combined, learning can be learned, and it can also hurt. " "Mozi" puts forward: "teach people to be harmonious." Zhang Dainian believes that "there is a consistent thing in the traditional culture of China, that is, the traditional culture of China pays more attention to the harmony and unity between man and nature and between people". When discussing harmonious culture, Cheng Siyuan said, "China's harmonious culture is the essence and one of the main components of Chinese excellent cultural tradition" and "it is a comprehensive and systematic thought with China characteristics". These are all expositions of China's traditional cultural characteristics, namely "harmonious culture". The establishment of harmonious culture can only be achieved under the conditions of order, morality, beauty and friendliness. Filial piety and kindness advocated by ancestor worship culture are two major elements of harmonious culture. The ancients said that "filial piety is the first virtue", which is the core of building a harmonious culture.

Today, how to realize people's ideal harmonious society is an important subject that needs in-depth thinking and practice. After 30 years of reform and opening up, China's national strength has been continuously enhanced, people's living standards have been greatly improved, national construction has been changing with each passing day, the number of poor people has been decreasing, and the country's comprehensive competitiveness in the world has risen rapidly. To build a harmonious society, care for the disadvantaged groups in society, make charity cause receive universal attention, and form a national consciousness, it is necessary to fully tap the positive significance of traditional festivals, carry out charitable activities, and advocate humanistic spirit and ethics. This is not only in line with the national cultural psychology, but more importantly, it is conducive to the further development of charity among the people and is of great significance to building a harmonious society. In this regard, the Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional national festival that can be used.

As a traditional festival of the Chinese nation, Mid-Autumn Festival not only spreads among the people in China, but also has a very extensive and in-depth influence among Chinese in Southeast Asia. The Mid-Autumn Temple Fair in Jinjia Village, Zhuangtou Town, Xingping City, Shaanxi Province began in the Yuan Dynasty and has continued to this day. Before the temple fair, the village will offer sacrifices to the ancestral temple. In addition to burning incense and paper at the temple site to worship their ancestors, villagers also set up sheds in Nanxiang, hung up statues of gods in Buddhist legends such as bodhisattvas and offered sacrifices, thus forming a large-scale temple fair, which spread to six or seven surrounding villages. This situation is not unique to Xingping City. According to the local people, there are many villages that hold the same temple fairs as the villages on the Mid-Autumn Festival, which fully shows that the Mid-Autumn Festival has spread among the people so far. Based on the Mid-Autumn Festival, Chinese in Southeast Asia, such as Singapore and Malaysia, are worshipping their ancestors throughout July and celebrating the Mid-Autumn Festival in various forms. On the Mid-Autumn Festival, their Sanqing Taoist Association held a "crossing the Dharma Meeting" to "remember our ancestors and know how to be grateful", actively advocate a spirit of "humanistic ethics" and promote the development of charity.

According to the comments of newspaper articles in Singapore, the Mid-Autumn Festival not only has practical significance of remembering ancestors and merits, but also has the significance of caring for the poor. On the surface, it has a strong religious color, but in fact, it cares about the disadvantaged groups in society, advocates charity and advocates filial piety. "The collective worship of the Central Plains Association is not only for the sake of our ancestors, but also for the charity of others. It is also a righteous act of being kind, caring for the old and caring for the young. The annual neighborhood dinner, blessing auction and mobilization of manpower and material resources need strong organizational strength and dedication as the backing. The whole process of celebrating the Mid-Autumn Festival certainly deepened neighborhood relations. The donations raised through bidding and praying, as well as the active fundraising on the spot, benefit the poor and vulnerable people, which is an effective promotion of social care and good deeds. "

(Excerpted from the Mid-Autumn Festival Album, a Chinese newspaper in Singapore) It is of great practical significance for China to take advantage of the Mid-Autumn Festival to care for the disadvantaged groups, coordinate the relationship between villages and communities and promote the development of social charity.

Eight taboos of Mid-Autumn Festival

1: Try not to discuss ghosts on this day. It is said that ghosts will go to their nests, especially temples and places where Purdue Buddhism is held, and don't talk nonsense on Mid-Autumn Festival, maybe ghosts will pass by you ~

2. Don't go at night. Don't go to the streets before 1 1 at night. On this day, ghosts walk at night, and the yin is the heaviest. This day is not suitable for staying outside. It is absolutely impossible to stay at home at night.

3: Avoid bringing ghosts such as bells and wind chimes, and don't play with disc fairy. Wind chimes and bells can communicate yin and yang, and it is easy to attract bad things.

4: Don't pick up money on the roadside! The money is used to buy cow's head and horse's face. Don't steal the sacrifice! These foods belong to ghosts. If you use them without their consent, it will only bring you bad luck.

5. Avoid taking pictures at night. Things like mirrors or mobile phones are easy to catch unclean things. If you take pictures at night, you may get dirty things, which means that you are contaminated with unlucky things and your fortune will decline.

6: Don't step on ghost paper. On this day, people often burn paper by the roadside. Don't trample on scattered paper. It's money burned to ghosts, and ghosts will often pick it up. If you step on their things, they will be unhappy and you will be in trouble!

7: Don't pat people on the shoulder. From the perspective of spiritualism, a person has three fires, one on his head and the other on his shoulder. Therefore, it is best not to pat others on the head and shoulders casually during Halloween, so as not to put out the fire on him and give good brothers an opportunity.

8: Don't swim in the water. Ghosts in this hell are put into the dead, and the water is very unsafe. If you persist in swimming, you will easily become body double, the body of a water ghost, so you must avoid going into the water on this day.

? The origin of the Mid-Autumn festival

The name "Central Plains" originated from the Northern Wei Dynasty and is a Taoist saying. According to ancient books, the fifteenth day of the first month of Daojing is "Shangyuan", and God blesses the people. July 15th is the "Central Plains", which is the day when local officials forgive sins. 1October 15 is "Xia Yuan", which is the day for water conservancy officials to help Eritrea. "The Book of Laws" records: "On the Mid-Yuan Day in July, the local officials fell, and the good and evil on earth were decided, so the Taoist priests recited scriptures at night to save prisoners from hunger." Therefore, on July 15, people will prepare rich sacrificial ceremonies to worship local officials and their ancestors.

The Mid-Autumn Festival is the product of the combination of Taoism and traditional folk customs in China, which can correspond to each other, mainly based on the same world view: the three realms of heaven, earth and water are deified into three realms of government under the jurisdiction of the officials of heaven, earth and water. The so-called "Duke of Three Realms" refers to the three gods and three officials.

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty in China, Taoism in Shi Tian had integrated the world outlook of the former Taoism, and for the first time, it was necessary to put the calligraphy of the three officials in heaven, earth and water to express repentance to the three officials and pray for peace. After the development of the Six Dynasties, the three-day meeting was combined with the ternary thought. Under the official advocacy of the Tang Dynasty, the three-day festival of Shangyuan, Zhongyuan and Xia Yuan became a three-day festival to pray for Naji and worship ancestors. The emperor led hundreds of officials to attend the festival ceremony. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, Sanyuan Festival became a folk festival.

During the Mid-Autumn Festival, Taoist temples such as the Fire Temple in Di 'anmen and the Baiyun Temple outside Xibianmen hold the "Dojo for Blessing Auspicious" as usual every year, in order to pray for "good weather, peace and prosperity". Because of fear, people combine Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism in their daily lives, and call the Mid-Autumn Festival on July 15th of the lunar calendar "Ghost Moon".

After the introduction of Buddhism, there is also a ritual of recommending ancestors in Buddhism, which is called "ULLAMBANA" (Indian word), also known as "Menglan Basin Society". Dream orchid basin means hanging upside down. The pain of life is like a bat hanging upside down from a tree, which is very miserable. In order to save all living beings from the suffering of hanging upside down, it is necessary to recite the scriptures and give food to ghosts. This coincides with China's worship of the ghost moon, and Buddhism also holds a prayer meeting on the 15th day of the seventh lunar month, so the Mid-Autumn Festival and the Dream Orchid Festival are handed down at the same time.

What is the Mid-Autumn Festival for?

Mid-Autumn Festival is also called Ghost Festival, and on July 30th, it is also called Day of the Dead in a few areas. It is one of the three major festivals in ancient times, the Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first month, celebrating the Lantern Festival in the first month. Mid-Autumn Festival in July 15, to worship ancestors. 10/5 Lunar New Year is also a cold food festival, which commemorates the Mid-Autumn Festival of ancient sages on July 15 every year, and is a traditional festival in China. Together with Cold Food Festival and Tomb-Sweeping Day, it is called the three ancient ghost festivals in China. The annual sacrificial activities are mainly held on the 15th day of the seventh lunar month, but the time is not fixed. In southern China, people also have the tradition of offering sacrifices on July 14. In some places, ancestor worship ceremonies begin in early July, and ancestors are brought home at night, and then they are provided with three meals a day until the end of July.

According to legend, on the first day of the seventh lunar month, the gate of hell opened wide, and Yan Luowang chartered the ghosts of the underworld to return to the deceased to be worshipped by later generations, while the ghosts without sacrifices would wander around the world looking for food. People believe in ancestor worship and believe that ancestors will return to their dead homes to visit their descendants during the Mid-Autumn Festival. Therefore, on the Mid-Autumn Festival, people will offer sacrifices to their ancestors and turn over the dead.

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