What are the traditional philosophical implications in modern architectural design?

First, the misunderstanding of traditional philosophy in modern architectural design.

Today, with the rapid economic development and multicultural society, it is of great significance to inherit China's long history and culture. Many architects are striving to create architectural works that are in line with China's profound traditional culture and have a sense of the times. However, due to the misunderstanding of traditional philosophy, people have great misunderstanding on how to apply and embody traditional philosophy in modern architectural design. China's classical architecture is based on people's concept, which requires that the form proportion, spatial combination, decorative techniques and structural functions of the building should be carried out around it. Therefore, the classical architecture in China has no unattainable scale, illogical structure, rhythmic sequence, unreasonable modeling and inexplicable decoration. China's spatial model should not only elaborate concrete ethical concepts as far as possible, but also awaken universal inner feelings.

However, the traditional inheritance has turned into mechanical collage and grafting, and some components of traditional buildings, such as roofs, bucket arches and diamond windows, have been directly applied [1]. The ancients pursued "image", "speech" and "image" in order to guide people to understand and grasp "meaning". "Image" is not attached to the image and concreteness, but as a symbol, it expresses the meaning beyond the image, pursues not the vividness of the image, but the charm, and pays attention to the infiltration of space and the far-reaching artistic conception. Stiff measures such as "square box to expand the roof" and far-fetched traditional symbols give people the impression that it is nothing more than a funny feeling of "suit with melon skin hat".

Second, the connotation of China's traditional philosophy

China's traditional philosophy is one of the richest and highest philosophical thoughts in human history. A hundred schools of thought contend in traditional philosophy, covering the methodology of solving the universe, life, society and everything. There are many schools of traditional philosophy in China, such as Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, Mohism, Legalism, Yin and Yang, Vertical and Horizontal, Miscellaneous Notes and so on. Among them, Confucian "ethics" theory and Taoist "cosmology" theory have far-reaching influence on traditional architecture in China, thus forming the idea of taking benevolence as the core, etiquette as the code of conduct, quietness, contentment and advocating the unity of man and nature.

(A) Taoism's "virtual quiet"

The reality and movement of Taoism are different from the strong sense of volume in western architecture, but pursue to break the volume, combine the reality with the reality, and stress on dredging and making the air connect. Although the traditional single building in China has a sense of volume, it only exists as a part of the building complex [3]. The organization of traditional architecture emphasizes the subjectivity of human beings, with empty courtyards as the unit, and houses are arranged in groups. Instead of opening doors and windows directly to the outside, they are opened to the sky through the courtyard patio in the vertical direction. In the horizontal direction, it passes through eaves galleries, pavilions, doors and windows [4]. The quadrangle in the north and the patio in the south are the perfect embodiment of emptiness and reality. The inner courtyard and Chengzhitang Pavilion of a house in Wenchang Hutong, Hongcun, yi county, Anhui Province are the best examples of China's ancient space consciousness and aesthetic complex. The application of motion and stillness is more appropriate in the design of gardens, pavilions and waterside pavilions, and the combination of motion and stillness is quiet and agile. The pavilion is the most empty single building in China traditional architecture, and it seems to be empty all around. It is one of the widely used methods in traditional architecture to pursue the spatial beauty of the whole environment by using the relationship between its empty interior and its surrounding environment.

(B) Confucian "ethics"

Confucianism and etiquette with ethics as the core, and the educational space formed on this basis, are important cultural characteristics that affect traditional architecture. The prominent embodiment of Confucian ethics in architectural design is mainly the establishment of the order of respect and inferiority, which has formed a unique system of ancient architecture. The order system shows the rigor of hierarchy from the aspects of position, size, height, color and material use [5]. In ancient times, China was revered, so the central axis played an important role in classical architecture. In the classical residence, the central axis connects several courtyards in series, and the courtyards organize scattered units. The most revered place is usually the place where ancestors and gods are. The influence of Confucian doctrine of the mean on architecture is mainly reflected in the regulation of architectural scale and the enclosure of internal space. Pursuing practicality instead of luxury in scale, solving all kinds of things in life in a closed space in space is in line with China's traditional introspective, implicit and inclusive lifestyle.

(3) Zhouyi

The Book of Changes was originally a book of divination, but in the long-term historical development, it had a far-reaching impact on the traditional architecture in China. Xu Daqian and others [6] believe that the idea of "axisymmetry" in urban planning, the principle of taking the layout center as the standard when choosing a site, the idea of "harmony between man and nature" in ancient living culture, the standardization and symmetry of spatial combination caused by the pursuit of "number" and "image", and the use of wood as the main building material are all manifestations of its influence on traditional architecture.

(4) Feng Shui

Feng Shui is the art of ancient geographical location and layout, which runs through all aspects of traditional architectural activities in China. From site planning and construction to interior and exterior decoration, from palaces and mausoleums, garden sketches, official residences to shops and streets, it is almost everywhere. Many viewpoints hold that geomantic omen is not the same as superstition. It is the soul of traditional architecture in China and has a far-reaching influence on the ideological style of ancient architectural layout in China. Geomantic omen itself not only contains rich humanistic thoughts such as conforming to nature and integrating nature with man, but also integrates geography, meteorology, ecology, planning and architecture from the perspective of modern science [7]. For example, the layout of the imperial palace in China during the Ming and Qing Dynasties is a typical embodiment of ancient Feng Shui thoughts. The layout of sitting north facing south not only integrates the influence of natural factors such as regional climate, environment and sunshine, but also considers the influence of culture and geomantic omen. Feng shui emphasizes the principle of adapting to local conditions, relying on mountains and rivers, and being in harmony with people at the right time. Although these factors are not obvious, they are undoubtedly ubiquitous in modern architectural design.

Third, the embodiment of traditional philosophy in the library of Huanghuai University.

Huanghuai College and Zhumadian City Library are located in the south of Kaiyuan Avenue in Zhumadian City. The overall design concept is novel and the appearance is beautiful and generous, which fully embodies the culture of the Central Plains and the style of the Han Dynasty. Designed by Suzhou Architectural Design and Research Institute, with a building area of 35000m2, it is designed as a frame structure with five main floors and six local floors [8]. The spiritual basis of China's traditional philosophy is ethics rather than religion. "Man is the measure of all things", but its profound meaning is often ignored in practice. The library of Huanghuai University deeply embodies this point. Zhumadian City, where Huanghuai College is located, is known as "the hinterland of Yuzhou" and "the best in the world", but it is also an economically underdeveloped area. Therefore, it is unrealistic to build a library with rich cultural resources, rich cultural atmosphere and high cultural taste by relying on the strength of Huanghuai College. Cooperating with Zhumadian City to build a library can complement each other and share resources, but it also means that its users are not limited to students, teachers and citizens.

"Humanism" is first reflected in its functional layout: the library is divided into 1 area and 2 areas, of which 1 area is the north of the library, including the large lecture hall on the ground floor, multi-function hall, children's activity room, reading room for the elderly, educational library, stacks and other rooms, as well as stationery service department, coffee lounge, tea room and other service functions. Secondly, it is reflected in the harmonious coexistence between man and nature. Externally, the entrance of the North Gate is located on the south side of Kaiyuan River, and the river surrounds the library, forming a cultural island with a length of about 150m from north to south and a width of about 330m from east to west, which is integrated with the green belt of Kaiyuan River. Internally, the roof garden on the upper part of the large lecture hall on the ground floor can not only beautify the environment three-dimensionally, but also increase the artistic appeal. People can feel the breath of nature whether they are sitting, reading, communicating or resting. The green indoor artificial environment echoes the natural scenery outside the building, which makes people feel comfortable, cheerful and warm, and meets people's dual needs in material and spiritual aspects.

Four. conclusion

Architectural design is a human activity, which is created and served by people. People live in a specific environment and constantly develop and change with the progress of the times. With the deepening of reform and opening-up, the development of China's architecture is influenced by traditional architectural ideas and modern pluralistic architectural design ideas. In the constant collision, it is comprehensive and eclectic, pursuing the unity of the times, nationality and practicality. Therefore, architects need to examine the intrinsic value of architecture from the perspective of culture, deeply understand and comprehend the connotation and extension of traditional culture and modern culture, so as to create excellent works worthy of the times.

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