Out of the ancient culture general knowledge

1. General Knowledge of Ancient Culture

Ancient Chronology Age Month Grade Day Chronology Method

Chronology Method

1 Year Number Chronology Method: The earliest chronology method in China is expressed by the number of years that the princes and dukes were on the throne. To "yuan, two, three ......" as the ordinal number, until his death. For example: the first year of Duke Xi of Lu, Duke Zhuang of Lu ten years. From the first year of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty onwards, the chronology of the year was based on the year number, with "Yuan, two, three ......" as the sequence, and it started again when the year number was changed. For example: Yuanjia yuan, the middle of Jian'an at the end of the Han Dynasty, and the tenth year of Yuanhe. When a new king came to the throne, he had to change the year number and re-date the year, which was called "changing the year". For example: "This is the year of the summer king, change Jingyan". 2 stem and branch chronology: stem and branch, the collective name of the heavenly stems and earthly branches. A B C D E Himself Geng Xin Nun Kwai called the ten stems, used to table order. Zi ugly Yin Mao Chen has been noon and not Shen You Xio Hai called twelve branches, used to remember the time. With ten stems and twelve branches of the cycle of flowers with the composition of a son, ethyl clown, c Yin ...... Kwai Oh, and then re-match the number of a son just for the number of sixty, usually called the sixty flowers Azi, cycle of use, the cycle, from the Eastern Han Dynasty, the use of the dry chronology method. Such as "I still remember the arrest of the Duke of Zhou, in Dingmao March of Hope." 3 year number, the combination of dry and branch chronology. Such as "Shunzhi two years yiyou April, Qianlong Dinghai winter".

Chronology of the month method

1 according to the ordinal number: that is, January February March ...... December. January at the beginning of the year is also called the first month. Ancient people and the "month build" method, that is, the twelve branches and December match, said the month, usually the winter solstice in the summer calendar in November with the son, said that the month of the son of the build, and thus follow, December for the month of the build clowns, the first month of the month of the month of the build Yin ...... November for the month of the build Ohio. 2 according to the four seasons of the month: three months in each season, according to the order of the Mengzhong season, such as Mengchun, midsummer and so on.

Chronology

1 with the stem and branch chronology: such as June Ding ugly (that is, the first nine of June) summer April Xin has (that is, thirteen days). Because the sixty A and the summer calendar of the two months of days (fifty-nine days) is not equivalent, so the monthly name of the dry branch and the date does not exactly correspond. 2 According to the first day of the first two to thirty of the ordinal number of the chronicle. The end of the first fifteen days of the month and these three days have a specific name, respectively, called "Shuo", "Wang", "Hi". (4) chronology of the ancients used the earth's branches to indicate twelve hours, each hour is equivalent to the current two hours. From 23:00 (i.e., eleven o'clock in the night) to one o'clock in the night with the son, and so on, the first hour for the first, the next hour for the positive, which is the same as a day and night twelve hours divided into twenty-four small hours. The relationship between the twelve hours and the twelve earthly branches is shown in the table. Twelve Hours Dusk People Setting Half of the Night Rooster Crowing Ping Dan Sunrise Morning Eclipse Corner Middle of the Day Day Mid-Day Negligence Asr Sunset

Twelve Earthly Branches Grey Houses Oh Son Ugly Cynthia Cynthia Cynthia Cynthia Already Nun Un Shein Un You

Twenty-four Hours 19 -

21 21-

23 23-

1 1-3 3-5 5-7 7-9 9-

11 11-

13 13-

15 15-

17 17-

19

Five shifts 20-

22 22-

24 24-2 2-4 4-6

Five shifts 1 shift 2 shifts 3 shifts 4 shifts 5 shifts

2. General Knowledge of Various Cultures in Ancient China

Guandong Ancient It refers to the area east of Hangu Pass or Tongguan Pass, and in modern times it refers to the northeast area east of Shanhaiguan Pass.

Cao Cao's "Artemisia": "There are righteous men in Guandong who raise troops to fight against the ferocious." It refers to the area east of Tongguan.

Guanxi refers to the area west of Hangu Pass or Tongguan Pass.

Guanzhong refers to a different range, the ancients used to call the area west of Hangu Pass Guanzhong. Hongmen Banquet: "Duke Pei wanted to be the king of Guanzhong, so he made Ziying the minister."

"Over the Qin theory": "The heart of the first emperor, since he thought that the solid of Guanzhong." In ancient times, the western region of China was called Xinjiang and the area to the west of it.

"Yandang Mountain": "According to the book of the Western Region, Aloha Nuojuluo lives in Longchu, Furongfeng, Yandang Mountain, between the seas southeast of Aurora." It is an alternative name for the five highest peaks of the mountain, referring to the five mountain ranges of Yue Cheng, Du Pang, Mengzhu, Riding Field, and Dayu.

"Herb Casting": "The highest peak of the micro-grass, Ling winter does not carve." (Here refers specifically to the two Guangzhou area).

Suo desert refers to the desert in the north, can also be called "Suo", referring to the north in general. The herb is "Shuo Mo" (朔漠) and "Xia Rong" (夏荣) of peaches and plums.

"Mulan Poetry": "Shuogi is a golden watchman, and the cold light shines on the iron clothes." Shuogi refers to the wind in the north. Baiyue is also known as Baiyue and Zhuyue.

In ancient times, the Yue people lived in *** all over Guangdong, collectively known as the Baiyue. In ancient texts, it often refers to the southern region in general.

"Over the Qin" "South to take the land of Baiyue", "Cai herbs" "the Yue is the peach and plum winter real". The general name of the five famous mountains, namely, Mount Tai in the East, Mount Hua in the West, Mount Song in the Middle, Mount Heng in the North, and Mount Heng in the South.

"Dreaming of traveling to Tianmu Yin Liubie": "Potential to pull the five mountains to cover the red city." The capital of the capital city of Beijing and its neighborhood.

Zuo Zhongyi Gong Yi Shi: "Zuo Zhongyi Gong, the forefather of the township, studied the capital of Beijing." Sanfu (三辅) in the Western Han Dynasty originally referred to the three officials who governed the area of Jinggi, and later referred to the area under the jurisdiction of these three officials.

Zhang Heng's biography: "Heng was young and good at writing, and traveled to the three auxiliaries."

After the Sui and Tang dynasties, the abbreviation "auxiliary". Sanqin refers to the Guanzhong region west of the Tongguan Pass.

After Xiang Yu destroyed the Qin Dynasty, he gave this place to three surrendered generals of the Qin army, hence the name.

The county is an ancient administrative region. Qin unified the world set up thirty-six counties, the Sui and Tang dynasties after the state called each other, the Ming and Qing dynasties called the government.

"Over the Qin theory" "the north to collect the key county", "Pipa Xing" "Yuanhe ten years I left to move to the Jiujiang County Secretary", "Battle of Red Cliff" "has been based on six counties, the soldiers fine food! The Battle of Red Cliff", "There are already six counties in the country, with many soldiers and food. The state see the "county" article.

"Longzhong Pairing": "Since Dong Zhuo has come, the great and the good have risen up, and the people who have crossed the state and even the county cannot be counted."

Road Han Dynasty in the minority populated areas set up Road, which is a kind of administrative special zone, comparable to the county. In the Tang Dynasty, the road, first for the monitoring area, and then evolved into an administrative district, is the state above the level of administrative units.

The Ming and Qing dynasties set up roads in the province, in which the guard road is a small administrative district, and the patrol road is only the nature of the inspection area. Tan Sitong" "spinning up the Ningxia Road", where the "Road", referring to the governor of the Road.

Road Song and Yuan administrative region, equivalent to the current province.

《永遇乐-京口北固亭怀古》："Watching still remember, beacon fire Yangzhou Road." Shanshui yin and yang in ancient times, with the south of the mountain and the north of the water as the yang, and the north of the mountain and the south of the water as the yin.

Yugong Yishan (愚公移山)："The finger passes through the south of Henan and reaches Han Yin." "Han Yin" refers to the south of the Han River.

"Mount Tai": "The sun of Mount Tai, the water flows west; its yin, the water flows east."

Ancient aliases such as Nanjing is also known as Jiankang, Jinling, Jiangning, Baixia. Liu Jingting biography: "tasted ordered to Jinling."

"Sick Plum Pavilion Records": "Jiangning's Longbang ...... all produce plum." Plum Blossom Ridge Records: "Wuzhong Sun Gong Zhaokui to start the army not to be able to, the execution to the white under."

Another example is Yangzhou, known as Guangling, Weiyang, Li Bai "send Meng Haoran's Guangling": "Smoke and flowers in March under Yangzhou." Jiang Kui "Yangzhou slow": "Chunxi C Shen to the day, I passed the Weiyang."

Another example is Hangzhou called Lin'an and Wulin, Suzhou called Gusu, Fuzhou called Sanshan, and Chengdu called Jinguancheng. Liu Jingting biography: "Yu read the Tokyo Dreaming Records, Old Story of Wulin."

Maple Bridge Night Poaching: "Cold Mountain Temple outside Gusu City, the sound of bells arriving at the passenger boat at midnight."

"After the preface": "From the sea to Yongjia to the three mountains, for a volume." .

3. General Knowledge about Ancient Culture

3. Humble and Honorary Words Burglary: private, private.

Dare: to offend, to take the liberty. Meng: to be indebted to.

Please: please allow me, please let me.

The most important thing to remember is that you have to be careful.

The other side has given us a favor. The countryside examination (the person who is admitted is called a "lifer", and the first one is called "Xieyuan") The imperial examination (the person who is admitted is called a "gongsheng", and the first one is called "Huiyuan") The Imperial Examination (the first place is called "Scholar" and the first place is called "Scholar") The Temple Examination (the first place is called "Scholar", the second place is called "Top Eyes", and the third place is called "Tantrum") The third place is the "flower".

Worship: to give the official position.

The first two are the same as the second, but the third is the third.

The first is the "top" of the list, and the second is the "bottom".







The Crown of the United States is a symbol of the United States.

Migrate: to transfer an official position to a higher one.

Strike: to remove or suspend.

Strike: to dismiss or suspend.

Dismiss: to depose, to demote.








Delegation: to be demoted or banished.

削：革职罢官。

Retreat: (1) to withdraw or lower an official position; (2) to resign oneself.

Repudiation: to reject or not to use.

Go: to go to the post, be transferred away. Zuo Qian: to lower an official position and transfer.

Mew: to promote or select.

To be a good person is to be a good person, but not to be a good person.

What are the Nine Ministers and Three Ministers? According to historical records, during the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Zhou Dynasty and its vassals all had secretaries, divided into upper, middle and lower three levels.

During the Warring States period, many countries followed. Shangqing was the highest official position at that time.

The term "Nine Ministers" began in the Qin and Han dynasties, referring to the nine official positions of Taishang, Guangluxun, Weiwei, Tingwei, Taisu, Dahonglu, Zongzheng, Dasinong, and Shaofu. To be more specific, Taichang was in charge of the rituals and ceremonies of the temple; Guangluxun was in charge of the guards and escorts of the palace; Weiwei was responsible for the guards of the palace gates; Taibu was in charge of the emperor's carriage; Tingwei was the highest judicial officer in charge of the criminal prisons and the trial of cases; Dahonglu, also known as Diankai or Da Xingling, was responsible for the diplomacy and the affairs of nationalities; Zongzheng was responsible for the management of the imperial family and the affairs of the clans; Dasinong, also known as Neishi of Corn Ruling or Da Nongling, was in charge of the grain, the rent, the tax, and the service of the government. The Emperor's family and clan affairs were managed by Zongzheng; Dasinong, also known as Dasu Neishi or Dannong, was in charge of grain, rent, tax, service, and finance; and Shaofu was in charge of the tax of the mountains, seas, ponds, and swamps for the Emperor.

To the Northern Wei Dynasty, under the Secretary of State, there is also a Secretary of State, which has been followed until the end of the Qing Dynasty was abolished. The three princes also started very early, the Zhou Dynasty to Sima, Situ, Sikong for the three princes, the Western Han Dynasty to the prime minister (the big Situ), the lieutenant (the big Sima), the Royal Ambassador to the doctor (the big Sikong) for the three princes.

By the time of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the name was changed to refer to lieutenants, ministers of justice, and ministers of justice. The three princes were also called the "three divisions", **** the same responsible for military and political affairs.

4. Introduce some general knowledge of ancient culture

General Knowledge of Ancient Times Which of the following names means "a friend who is in good terms and has a deep friendship" (莫逆之交)？ "In ancient times, "tufts of hair" only referred to a woman of thirteen years old. In ancient times, a young man of twenty years of age was called a "weak crown". The ancient literati called the "sleeve elegant thing" is (fan) Ancient imperial examinations in order of ranking need to go through (township examination, assembly examination, court examination, temple examination) Note 6 The following is not part of the twenty-four histories of history is (Shi Tong) The five mountains have been said since ancient times, of which Mount Hengshan is known as the (Nanyue) Note 7 Ancient geography called "Yang" refers to (Shannan), which is a mountain in the south, the south, the east, the west, the west, the east, the west, the west, the west, the west, the west. The ancient geography of "Yang" refers to (south of the mountain and north of the water) The "posthumous name" of the ancients refers to (the emperor's special title) The four major arts of China's ancient times refer to (chess, qin, painting and calligraphy) The so-called "three volts" appeared in the lunar calendar in (June) The following belong to the twelve earthly branches (Wu) The twelve branches of the earth's branches are (Wu) Note 8 Ancient people used the phrase "six animals prosper" to describe the prosperity of the family, in which the six animals refer to (pigs, horses, cows, sheep, dogs, and chickens) The left migration refers to (demotion of an official) Note 9 Ancient people referred to the "humble abode" as (their own houses) The four books in the "Four Books and Five Classics" are (Analects, Mencius, Zhongyong, and University). The term "Guan" refers to "Shanhaiguan" in the expression "inside and outside the Guan" after the construction of the Great Wall. Note 10: "Chongyang Festival" in ancient times refers to the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar calendar. The drink of Chongyang Festival is "Chrysanthemum Wine". The ancient term "fine and soft" refers to "money". The period from 1:00 am to 3:00 am was called "Night of the C". In ancient China, which of the following time periods refers to the present 19:00-21:00 (dusk) The first day of each month is called the "Hi-Day" in China's lunar calendar Crafts and Architecture Which of the following is one of the basic colors in the famous "Tang Sancai" craft in ancient times? The ancient Chinese term for "thousand-year ice" is (crystal) The ancient Chinese term for "auspicious gold" is (bronze) The white jade is (wells) The ancient Chinese term for "the originator of the construction industry" is (Luban) Ancient people put saltpeter in bamboo tubes and ignited them to produce gunpowder. Firecrackers, originally used to (dispel plague, suppress demons and avert evil spirits) Sun Simiao, a famous doctor in the Tang Dynasty, had made outstanding contributions to one of the four major releases (gunpowder) The invention of "water rows" during the Eastern Han Dynasty was used to (improve the quality of smelting) The earliest handicrafts were (porcelain) The famous Zhaozhou Bridge is located in (Hebei Province). "The famous Zhaozhou Bridge is located in Hebei Province.

5. Ancient Culture Know How Much

, the title of the person 2, the ancient official 3, astronomy and calendar 4, ancient geography 5, the imperial examination system 6, customs and etiquette 7, food and utensils 8, music and entertainment 9, literature, history and canonical works 10, catalogs and dictionaries 11, the ancient military system 1, the title of the person Ancient times the title of the person - the common title - the special title - the ancient Chinese family name 2, the ancient officials Ancient Ancient Officials List and Explanation - List and detailed explanation of ancient official positions - Appointment, removal and elevation of official positions - Ancient titles of official positions - Ancient titles of official positions - Ancient and contemporary titles of official positions 3. Astronomy and Calendar Astronomy and Calendar - Names of stars and constellations - Calendar - Twenty-eight Stars and Constellations 4. Ancient Geography Ancient geography and titles - Ancient geography and titles 5. Etiquette China's traditional customs - customs and etiquette, traditional festivals, titles, etc. 7, food and utensils Ancient food and utensils - Ancient food and utensils 8, music and recreation The five tones, also known as the "five tones", that is, China's ancient five-tone musical scale of the Gong, Shang, Angle, Leung (zhi), Feather five tone levels.

The five tones, like the ancient so-called yin and yang, the five elements, the five flavors, the five colors, the five senses, the five valleys and other simple theoretical forms, is China's early holistic view of aesthetics, which is regarded by Westerners as the basic form of the entire Oriental music.

- Ancient music and recreation 9, literary and historical texts Four books, five sutras, six sutras, thirteen sutras, three character sutras, one thousand characters, one thousand family poems, three hundred poems of the Tang Dynasty Wen. Ancient Officials Ancient Officials List of Ancient Officials and Explanations - List of Ancient Officials and Explanations - Ancient Officials and Explanations - List of Ancient Officials and Explanations - List of Ancient Officials and Explanations - List of Ancient Officials and Explanations - List of Ancient Officials and Explanations - List of Officials and Explanations - List of Ancient Officials and Explanations - List of Ancient Officials and Explanations - List of Ancient Officials and Explanations - List of Ancient Officials and Explanations - List of Ancient Officials and Explanations - List of Ancient Officials and Explanations - List of Ancient Officials and Explanations Appointment, dismissal and elevation - Ancient titles of official positions - Ancient titles of official positions in ancient times 3. Astronomy and Calendar Astronomy and Calendar - Names of stars and constellations - Calendar - 28 stars and constellations 4. Ancient Geography Ancient geography and its titles - Ancient geography and its titles 5. Ancient food and utensils - Ancient food and utensils 8, music and recreation The five tones, also known as the "five tones", that is, the five tones in the ancient Chinese five-tone scale of the Gong, Shang, Angle, Levy (zhi), the feather five tones.

The five tones, like the ancient so-called yin and yang, the five elements, the five flavors, the five colors, the five senses, the five valleys and other simple theoretical forms, is China's early holistic view of aesthetics, which is regarded by Westerners as the basic form of the entire Oriental music.

- Ancient music and recreation 9, literature and history canon four books, five scriptures, six scriptures, thirteen scriptures, three character scriptures, thousands of characters, thousands of family poems, three hundred Tang poems, anthology of ancient texts, ancient dictionaries, ancient dictionaries, compilation of the twenty-fourth history, the historical records, the record of the history of the world, the book of the history of the world, the Taiping Guangji, the naming of poetry and literature collection of the history of the book of the writing of the book.

6. What is the knowledge about age in the general knowledge of ancient culture

Ancient metaphorical designations of age: thirty years old; forty years old; fifty years old; sixty years old; seventy years old; children under the age of one year old - swaddling clothes; 2-3 years old - child; childhood - the age of one year old; the age of two years old - the age of two years old - the age of two years old; the age of two years old - the age of two years old - the age of two years old. -childhood; childhood - total horn, tufts of hair; 8 years old (male) - milky year; under 10 years old - yellow mouth; 10 years old (female) --age - the year of bun; 12 years old (female) - the year of golden hairpin; 13-14 years old (female) - the year of cardamom; 13-15 years old - the year of dancing spoons; 13-15 years old - the year of dancing spoons. -15 years old - the year of the dancing spoon; 15 years old (female) - the year of maturity; 15 years old (male) - the year of ambition to learn and to bind the hair; 16 years old (female) -Jasper years; 15-20 years old - the year of the elephant dance; 20 years old (male) - weak crown; 20 years old (female) -- the year of peach and plum; 24 years old (female) -- the year of flower bei (letter); getting married -- the year of standard plum; 30 years old (female) -- the year of -Half old lady; 30 years old (male) - years of standing; 40 years old (male) - years of not confused; 50 years old - years of knowing life, half a hundred; 60 years old - flower armor, the year of the flat head, the year of the ear, the year of the staff of the country; 70 years old - old and thin, the year of the staff of the country; 77 years old - the joy of life; 80 years old --88 years old - rice life; 80-90 years old - the oldest age; 90 years old - mackerel （

The year of the mackerel; 99 years old - white life; 100 years old - period of time

People Rui; 108 years old - tea life.

7. Ancient cultural knowledge

1, look at the ginseng wells Yang Waki rest "Shu Dao Niang"

Life does not see each other, moving as involved in the business. The roots of medicinal herbs have been dug up, and honeybugs have seized the room to hold the hunger and thirst. The people say it is not as good as a tortoise. There is no southern key in Wei Ping's mouth, and the handle of the bucket points to the sun. A fox's armpit and a cow's coat are under the same roof, and there is no woman in the high hill who is willing to sleep alone. The name of a man is not enough to save him from the real trouble, but the game of chess is not enough to put me in a safe place. In the room, I sat in the dust, and saw the world on all four walls. I am so happy to see the world on all four walls. I am so happy to see the world on all four walls. I am so happy to see the world on all four walls. If we can get to know each other by pouring our intestines and stomachs, we will never doubt that we can eat the Pleiades through the sun. In the past, the golden platform of life, Peijun a word, such as the bodkin. The moon did not ginseng horizontal pity contrary to each other, the autumn wind gold well sycamore fall. The old man is half in the ghost record, the willow branch to give you as a horse. The year Yan Xing Hui to observe Sheng De, open bow shooting pheasant Wu and force. The first thing you need to do is to get your hands on some of the most popular products and services in the world.

The twenty-eight stars of the day account for the wind and rain, yin and yin and clear songs and tips:

Spring:

The virtual dangerous room wall more wind and rain, if you meet the Kuixing sky color clear, Lou gastric wind day freezing, Pleiades Bi mild and the sky and bright, Gueiseng well ghost day to see the sun, the Willow star open wings yin and also sunny, the square corner of the sky, less rain, or the wind and cloud evening ridge line, Hyojuku wind from the sand and gravel, dibi heart and tail of the rain and wind, Keidou Mengmeng sky less rain, the cow girl slightly The sound of rain.

Summer:

The sky is half cloudy, the sky is rainy, the sky is cloudy, the sky is rainy, the sky is cloudy, the sky is rainy, the sky is cloudy, the sky is rainy, the sky is rainy, the sky is rainy, the sky is rainy, the sky is rainy, the sky is rainy, the sky is rainy, the sky is rainy, the sky is rainy, the sky is rainy, the sky is rainy, the sky is rainy, the sky is rainy, the sky is rainy, the sky is rainy, the sky is rainy, the sky is rainy, the sky is rainy.

Autumn:

The room wall of the virtual danger is shocked by the thunder, Qui Lou stomach Pleiades rain Lin Ting, Bi Jing Senjing clear and rain, ghost willow clouds open guests will travel, the star Zhang Yixing sky no rain, Angle of the two stars of the wind and rain sound, on the whole the room of the heart of the tail there will be rain, Kei Dou Niu Nu Yuyun rain.

Winter:

If you meet the star of Kui, the sky is clear, the sound of rain in Lou, the sky is freezing, the sky is clear in the period of the Pleiades, the two stars of Shu and Sen are clear when they are sitting, the two stars of Jing and Ghost are yellow, it is not possible to say that the clouds of Willow are thundering, and the sky is cold with rain and frost, the wind and rain of Zhang Yi and the rain of the day, the night rain in the square corner of the sun is clear, the wind of Hyper, the sound of the rain in the center of the room, the rain and wind in the Min-Dou, the two stars of the day is rainy, and the day of the oxen and the sky is clear. The secrets of the immortals and sages are not false, and the stars of the palm wheel should be answered in the sky, so that the Yin and the Sun of the Universe can be determined.

Ancient meaning

(Tang Dynasty) Meng Jiao

The star of the Weaving Maiden by the river, the cowherd by the river

Not yet crossed the shallow water, looking at each other from a distance

Qin Guan's "The Magpie Bridge Immortal"

The slender clouds play with coquettishness, and the flying stars transmit hatred, and the Yinhan is a long way away from a secret crossing. The first time we met, we were better than the rest of the world.

Softly, softly, softly, softly, softly. The first thing you need to do is to get your hands dirty.

2, Tang Li Bai "tour of Taishan" poem three: "Pingming climbed the sun to see, raised his hand to open the clouds off."

The Records of the Grand Historian - Sima Rang Tho Liezhuan: "With Zhuang Jia about, Dan day in the middle of the day, will be in the military door."

"Southeast Flight of the Peacock": "After the dusk, the people are still at the beginning"

Liu Changqing's "Snowing in the Hibiscus Mountain Master": "The sun dusk is far away from the mountains, and the sky is cold and the white house is poor."

Lu Yuyu's "The Sun Dusk is far away from the mountains and the sky is cold and the white house is poor."

Lu Yuyu's "The Sun Dusk is far away from the mountains.

Lu You, "November 4, Wind and Rain": "Stagnant lying in a lonely village is not self-pitying, but still thinking of garrisoning Lantai for the country. The wind and rain are blowing at the end of the night, and the iron horse and the icy river are coming into your dreams."

The Analects of Confucius: "In the late spring, when the spring uniforms are ready, the crowned men are five or six, the children are six or seven, and they bathe in yi, and the wind and summer dances for rain, and they sing and return."

Li Bai's poem "Farewell to the Felt Tent and Fireplace": "Hate belongs to the three springs, and the best time is in October."

Liu Yong's "Looking at the Sea" (望海潮) is a poem about the Triple Crown in the Lake and the mountains. There are osmanthus in three autumns and lotus flowers in ten miles.

8. Common Knowledge of Ancient Culture

The Genre of Literature and the Genre of an Article Wu Yuzhen Genre is the form of expression of a literary work, which can be categorized according to different criteria.

This article focuses on the genre of literature and the genre of the article. The genres of literature include poetry, prose, fiction, and drama.

Poetry Characteristics of poetry: condensed reflection of life, a strong sense of *** color, imaginative, well conceived, the language is rich in rhythm and musicality. Classification of poetry: according to the expression can be divided into lyric poetry, narrative poetry, reasoning poetry; according to rhyme can be divided into metrical poetry, free verse; according to the language can be divided into old-style poetry, new poetry.

China's ancient poetry includes old-style poems, words and songs. Old-style poetry includes ancient poetry and recent poetry.

Ancient poetry, also known as the ancient style, is not subject to strict metrical limitations, the sentence pattern has four, five, seven (words that is, the word); near-poetry, also known as the modern style of poetry, including poems and stanzas, the law is very strict, the sentence pattern has five and seven words. In terms of the length of words, 58 words or less is a small order, 59-90 words is a middle key, and more than 90 words is a long key.

Qu, refers to the loose song, prevalent in the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, is a form of rhyming without saying rich in lyricism. The mainstream of modern poetry in China is new poetry.

New poetry is a new form of poetry created and developed during the May Fourth New Literature Movement in 1919, written in the vernacular. The meter of new poetry is not as strict as that of old poetry, but the lines have a certain beat, and the last word of an even numbered line usually rhymes.

The new free-form poems in the new poems are even more free, and some of them don't even rhyme and don't use punctuation. Prose In ancient literature, in order to distinguish it from rhyming and parallelism, any text that does not rhyme and whose sentences are not neatly arranged is called prose.

The modern prose refers to a literary genre alongside poetry, fiction and drama. Prose is characterized by "scattered form, but the spirit is not".

That is, a wide range of free choice of materials, flexible and varied methods of expression, can be used in narrative, description, lyricism, argumentation and other techniques; but the center must be clear and focused. Prose can be divided into: narrative prose (to remember the events as the center) and lyric prose (focus on lyricism).

The novel is a literary genre that reflects social life through the description of characters, storyline and environment. The three elements of a novel are: character, story and setting.

An important feature of the novel is to create a typical character, portraying characters through portraits, psychological activities, actions, language and other descriptive means. The storyline of a novel includes: beginning, development, *** and ending.

Some novels have a prologue and epilogue. The setting of a novel includes the social and natural environments.

According to the length of the novel can be divided into: long novels, novels, short stories and novels. Chinese novels originated from ancient myths and legends, and have experienced the development process of the Six Dynasties, Tang Dynasty legends, Song and Yuan dynasties, chapter and verse novels, and modern novels since the May Fourth Movement.

Drama Drama is a kind of comprehensive stage art, with the help of literature, music, dance, art, lighting, costumes and other artistic means to shape the image of stage art, to reveal the social contradictions, reflecting social life. The script is a work of theater, also known as the "script" of the theater performance, consisting of the characters' dialogues or chants, as well as stage directions.

The dramatic value of the script is that it can be performed, and it can also be separated from the stage for reading and has literary value. The characteristics of the script are: a concentrated and sharp conflict, dialog characterization, suitable for stage performance.

Classification of drama: according to the subject matter of historical drama, modern drama, fairy tale drama, etc.; according to the type of work, there are tragedy, comedy, drama (with serious conflicts); according to the structure of one-act plays, multi-act plays; according to the form of art, there are dramas, operas, dance, pantomime, theater sketches and so on. The genres of the article include narrative, expository, argumentative, and application essays, collectively known as practical essays.

1. Narrative essays Narrative essays can be divided into two categories: writing about people and writing about scenes. The elements of narrative writing are: time, place, character, event.

The order of the narrative essay: sequence, flashback, interpolation, complementary narrative. Narrative expression: narration, description, illustration, argumentation, lyricism and so on.

The types of narrative essays are: news, newsletters, biographies, memoirs, reportage, novels, essays and so on. 2. Explanatory essay Explanatory essay is to seize the characteristics of things, explain the shape of things, nature, characteristics, causes, relationships, functions and other content of the article.

Commonly, there are general description and literary description (scientific fiction). 3. Argumentative essay Argumentative essays are a class of articles that show the author's opinions and claims in an argumentative manner.

The elements of an argumentative essay are: thesis, argument and argumentation. The basic structure of the argumentative essay is: introduction, thesis and conclusion.

The basic method of argumentation is to present facts and reason. In argumentative essays, it is correct to put forward and prove one's own argument, called thesis; to prove that other people's arguments are wrong, called refutation.

4. application essay application essay is often used in daily life or work style, including letters, plans, reports, contracts, summaries, instructions, applications, certificates, notes, notes (loan, collateral, receipt), notices, announcements and so on.