What are the Four Famous Jades of China?

China's "Four Famous Jades" are "Hetian Jade" from Xinjiang, "Xiu Jade" from Xiuyan County in Liaoning, "Dushan Jade" from Nanyang, Henan, and "Turquoise" from Uyu County in Hubei. "Dushan jade" produced in Nanyang, Henan Province, and "turquoise" produced in Utopia County, Hubei Province.

(a) Hetian jade is mainly distributed in Xinjiang Shache - Tashkurgan, Hotan - ütian, and the County of 1500 kilometers of the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountain Range, *** there are nine origins. The mineral composition of Hotan Jade is dominated by tremolite-actinolite, with traces of tremolite, serpentine, graphite, magnetite and other minerals, resulting in a variety of shades of color, including white, lime green, black and yellow, with the majority of them monochromatic, and a few with mixed colors. Jade is translucent, with a fat-like luster when polished, and a hardness between 5.5 degrees and 6.5 degrees. Hotan Jade is sandwiched between mountain rocks at an altitude of 3,500 meters to 5,000 meters above sea level, and after a long period of weathering and stripping into pieces of varying sizes, it crumbles down on mountain slopes, and then flows into the river through the rainwater. When the river dries up in the fall, the jade pieces collected in the riverbed are called seed jade, and those mined in the rock formations are called mountain material. The earliest jade artifacts made of Hetian jade that have been discovered are from the tomb of Wuhao in Yinxu. After the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Hotan Jade gradually became the main material for jade, and was collected as seed jade, with mountainous material being mined in the Qing Dynasty. In the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the "Dayu Ruling the Waters" Jade Mountain, with a weight of 10,700 pounds of green jade material, was extracted from the Miletta Mountains.

The economic value of Hetian Jade is based on color and purity of texture. Its main varieties are:

White Jade: Containing more than 95% of tremolite, white in color, pure texture, delicate, lustrous and nourishing, for the high quality varieties of Hetian Jade. In the Han Dynasty, the Song Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty, several jade production boom period, are extremely important to the selection of materials, high-quality white jade is often carved for the "heavy weapon".

Sheep's fat white jade: the top grade of white jade, with a pure and delicate texture containing up to 99% tremolite, and a white color that is as subtle as the luster of congealed fat. The economic value of jade material of the same weight is several times higher than that of white jade. The Han Dynasty, the Song Dynasty and the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty were highly esteemed for white jade.

Green and White Jade: The texture is not significantly different from white jade, with only a light greenish color in the white of the jade, which is the third grade of jade material in Hetian Jade, and its economic value is slightly inferior to that of white jade.

Green Jade: Light green, greenish-green, and grayish-white in color are all called green jade, which is uniform in color and fine in texture, containing 89% tremolite and 6% actinolite, with a greasy luster, and rich in reserves, and has been the main variety of jade collected or mined in successive generations.

Yellow Jade: the matrix is white jade, due to the long-term surface water in the iron oxide infiltration in the crevices to form a yellow tone. According to the chromaticity changes named: dense wax yellow, chestnut yellow, okra yellow, yellow flower yellow, egg yellow and so on. Dense dense wax yellow and chestnut yellow are extremely rare, and their economic value is comparable to that of white nephrite. In the qing dynasty, due to the yellow jade for "emperor" resonance, and very rare, once the economic value of more than white jade.

Sugar Jade: Iron oxide penetrates into the tremolite to form a red crust with different shades, the deep red is called "Sugar Jade", "Tiger Skin Jade", and the white with a slight pinkish color is called "Pink Jade". Sugar nephrite often forms a two-tone material with white nephrite or plain nephrite, and can be used to make "colorful jade". A snuff bottle made from the hollowing of the seeds of sugar nephrite, called "gold wrapped in silver," is desirable for its added value.

Ink Jade: graphite and magnetite in tremolite is black. Ink jade is mostly gray or gray ink-colored jade with black spots, according to the shape of the name for the "black cloud piece, light ink light, gold sable beard, beauty sideburns. Those with heavy and dense black spots are called pure lacquer ink, and their value is higher than that of other varieties of ink jade. Ink jade is wax-like luster, because the color is not uniform should not be carved decoration, more used to make inlaid gold and silver wire vessels.

Jasper: produced in Junggar Jade Mine, also known as Tianshan Jasper. Gray-green, dark green, dark green, to the color of pure dark green for the best. The quality of jasper with black spots, black spots or jade tendons is poor. Jasper contains more than 85% of tremolite, fine texture, translucent, greasy luster, for the middle grade jade.

(2) Xiuyan Jade is produced in Xiuyan, Liaoning Province, China. Xiuyan County is a feng shui treasure trove of beautiful mountains, rich in natural resources, and harboring wind and Qi. After millions of years of natural evolution, the essence of the sun, moon, mountains and rivers have coalesced to produce the world-famous national treasure, Xiuyan Jade.

Sui Jade is one of China's four most famous jades, and is divided into two categories: Old Jade (also known as Hematite), which is simple, heavy, and dark green in color, and is a precious diamond. The other category is nephrite, which has a solid and warm texture, delicate and rounded, mostly green, and in which the pure white and golden yellow colors are rare treasures.

Sui Jade is produced in the heart of the earth, where it has absorbed the essence of heaven and earth and nature for millions of years, so that it is of great value not only as a collector's item, but also for its feng shui value.

Since the modern human home are living in the building, the modern building of reinforced concrete to the natural world's breath and magnetic field to the isolation of the open, so that human beings and the distance from nature is more and more distant. If you can place a piece of beautiful jade in your home, not only will it be pleasing to the eye, but it will also bring a natural flavor to your home and complement the natural magnetic field of the room, regulating the indoor feng shui climate.

"Positive energy memory, evil can not be dry", the home has a beautiful jade, evil can not invade. If you wear a piece of jade on your body, you will add a natural power.

According to Western astrologers, green is the economic pulse of modern society, so the natural green will certainly boost your career and financial luck, which the old jade green heavy and deep, very conducive to successful people, because it can help you deposit wealth, cohesion of financial resources, so that your career is solid and solid, so collect a few pieces of the old jade, placed in your home or office, it will be Therefore, collecting a few pieces of old jade and placing them in your home or office will surely make your career as good as you want it to be. Jade, because of its green color, roundness and harmony, is very conducive to the development and use of financial resources, in and out of the section, and free to send and receive. Not only that, due to its warm and beautiful texture, it can encourage the people around it to take harmony as their honor and generate wealth with harmony, improve interpersonal relationships and promote family harmony and beauty. So whether it is a successful career or are starting a business, are rare and precious, whether placed in the home or office, not only can open up the source of wealth, but also on the career and luck will play a positive role in improving.

Sui Jade is mostly green in color, so in addition to the above, it is especially significant for those who prefer wood in their destiny. If you place green jade in your home or office, or wear it yourself, it will bring you good luck, and if you like it from the bottom of your heart, and approach it from the bottom of your mind, you will be able to connect with the jade and change your destiny.

(3) Dushan Jade, also known as "Nanyang Jade" or "South Jade", produced in Nanyang City, north of Dushan. It is one of the country's four most famous jades. Dushan Jade is tough and slightly dense, delicate and supple, glossy and transparent, with mottled colors. There are 77 color types in 6 pigments of green, white, yellow, purple, red and white, making it a first-class raw material for jade carving.

Dushan jade carving has a long history, and the jade shovels produced at the Neolithic site of Huangshan near Dushan in 1959 proved that as early as more than 5,000 years ago, the forefathers had recognized and used Dushan jade. At the foot of Dushan is the site of the "Jade Street Temple", a place where jade was carved during the Han Dynasty. The Qing Dynasty's "Newly Revised Nanyang County Records" reads, "The residents of the northern part of the county, who made their living by carving jade." In old China, Nanyang jade carving has formed a large industry, there are more than 80 workshops in the city, most of which are set up after the workshop, in front of the store, self-sculpture and self-sale. Jade carvings mainly consisted of more than 120 varieties of figures, flowers, birds and animals, landscapes, statues of gods, smokers and jewelry. The jade carvings are glittering and exquisite, and are a famous specialty of Nanyang.

(4) turquoise, also known as emerald, because of its color, shape like turquoise pine cones and named, is one of the world's rare precious gem species, turquoise products have become an important collection, is a secondary minerals, by the copper-containing, aluminum, phosphorus, groundwater in the early granite filtered from the precipitation of veins near the surface of the formation of nodules, by the veins of the matrix of the package. Turquoise is the earliest mineral species used as jewelry. 1900, an Egyptian tomb unearthed four turquoise wrapped in gold bracelets.

As an ornament, people love the green color and texture of turquoise. In ancient times people associated it with religion and superstition. China's Tibet to the turquoise extraordinarily revered, is still sacred decorative items, used in religious ceremonies. American Indians believe that turquoise is the spirit of the sea and the blue sky, is a symbol of divine power. Most of the ancient civilizations are revered turquoise, such as Egypt, Persia, Aztec (Mexico Indian ancient countries). Turquoise due to the different elements contained in the different colors, containing copper oxides when the blue, containing iron oxides when the green, color is an important factor affecting the quality of turquoise. Turquoise is mainly found in the southern states of the United States, northeastern Iran, and the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt. China, Australia, Chile, Afghanistan, Russia also produces a small amount of turquoise, but, at present, the world's largest piece of turquoise gemstone, produced in Utopia County, Hubei Province, at an altitude of more than 1,200 meters on the cloud cover mountain. This piece of turquoise is 82 centimeters long, 29 centimeters high, 29 centimeters wide, weighing 66 kilograms, blue, green, structural integrity, fine texture.

The Utopia region of Hubei Province is known as the East of the emerald countryside, the abundance of turquoise material is pure, color, brilliant, brilliant, the color of the sky blue, turquoise, gray blue, pink green, extremely rare. Utopia cloud cover mountain turquoise mine turquoise produced by the best grade, the most precious. This largest piece of turquoise, now hidden in Hubei Province, Utopia Turquoise Development Corporation, to be carved into precious works of art.