What kind of cultural ideas does China traditional sculpture carry in ancient China?

The themes of ancient sculptures in China are mainly mausoleum sculptures, religious sculptures, working life and folk sculptures. Art categories include circular sculpture, relief sculpture, memorial sculpture, desk sculpture, decorative sculpture of buildings and utensils, etc. Besides bronze, stone, brick, clay, pottery and other materials, there are jade carving, tooth carving, wood carving, bamboo carving and so on.

China's ancient sculpture is the essence of China's ancient art, while China's ancient sculpture has distinctive and rich national characteristics and times characteristics in subject matter, form and style, sculpture techniques and materials used. To sum up, there are mainly the following points.

First, the decorative features of ancient sculptures in China are quite prominent.

Decorative is the birthmark brought by China ancient sculpture from arts and crafts. Whether it's figures or animals, whether it's the art of funerary wares, religious statues or architectural decorative sculptures, it generally embodies the long-standing traditional decorative interest. The most obvious examples are Yungang's appreciation of teaching materials, sitting in the open air in the Northern Wei Dynasty, exorcism in the Southern Dynasty, and stone lions in the Tang Dynasty. The Buddha's symmetrical sitting posture and patterned robes make it show strong decoration. Compared with the realistic western religious deities, the China Buddha statue has an inhuman mystery because of its decorative virtual elements, but it also contains a kind of kindness, because the decoration is not only different from the real life, but also different from the ubiquitous artistic reality of China people in their lives, so this effect is achieved. At the same time, decoration is also very effective in enhancing the solemn atmosphere required by Buddha statues. The overall shape of the stone lion to ward off evil spirits is completely decorated and deformed, just like the decorative part on bronze or jade. The body is even covered with patterns to enhance this decoration. Decorative deformation treatment is one of the techniques of exaggeration and generalization. Stone animals treated in this way are often more dignified, brave and sacred than realistic carved stone animals, and can better play its role as architectural decoration.

Secondly, the ancient sculptures in China have obvious painting characteristics.

China ancient sculpture and painting are brothers, both born in primitive arts and crafts. Since the era of painted pottery, plastic painting has been complementary and closely combined. When both of them are mature, they are still "similar in shape but good in quality", which adds color to the sculpture (the technical term is "makeup") and improves the expressive ability of the sculpture. Many existing sculptures of past dynasties are pieced together by clay sculpture, stone carving and wood carving. Today's sculpture art has been completely westernized, and there is no more color, but folk sculpture still maintains the tradition of makeup. Ancient western sculptures are also colored. After the Renaissance, in addition to religious statues,