After a long period of life and reproduction, what is the tribe that finally constitutes the main body of the Chinese nation?

Central Plains Ethnic Integration Henan Province, also known as the Great Central Plains, is the cradle and birthplace of Chinese civilization. The Chinese nation flourished here, and the Han nationality, the main ethnic group of the Chinese nation, was formed in the Central Plains. Many ethnic minorities entered the Central Plains from the northeast and northwest to establish political power. Later, it disappeared into history because it was integrated into the Han nationality. Between ethnic minorities and Han nationality, swords and shadows, drums and drums attack each other; There are also periods of economic and cultural exchanges, mutual marriage and final integration. It can be said that studying the ethnic integration and assimilation in the history of Central Plains is a window to understand the ethnic integration and assimilation in the history of China. In fact, the Central Plains is a national melting pot with the Han nationality as the core. Many ethnic minorities have been merged by the Han people in the Central Plains and become Han people. From the legendary Emperor Yan and the Yellow Emperor to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the time of ethnic integration and assimilation, the number of ethnic groups being integrated, and the diversity and complexity of the integration situation are incomparable in other regions. As Mr. Fei Xiaotong said, the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties was "an obvious period of great ethnic mixed residence and great integration". Ethnic integration in history often begins with the conquest of barbaric peoples. Northern minorities came one after another and established many regimes in the Yellow River Basin. The great migration caused the situation that Hu and Han lived together in the Central Plains, in which Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty moved the capital to Luoyang with the largest scale and the deepest influence. He carried out a series of measures to reform the old customs of Xianbei, aiming at consolidating the northern Wei regime, but objectively promoted the integration of Xianbei and the Han nationality in the Central Plains, and the excellent culture of Xianbei was also absorbed by the Han culture in the Central Plains, such as their skills in managing animal husbandry were widely spread in the Central Plains. Ethnic integration is a process of mutual infiltration, and the sinicization of ethnic minorities and the Hu Hua of the main ethnic group are often carried out simultaneously. In the three and a half centuries from the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the social development of ethnic minorities who entered the Central Plains in batches was basically consistent with that of the Han nationality, and the differences in economy, culture, language, clothing, surnames, customs and even religious beliefs gradually disappeared. After cohabitation and intermarriage, the two have also merged in blood. By the late Northern Wei Dynasty, the Xiongnu, Jiejie, Di and Qiang ethnic minorities disappeared from the history books, Rouran, Tuguhun and Zile gradually merged with the Han nationality, and the Yellow River Basin was unified from the Sui Dynasty. Almost all the ethnic minorities who moved from the north to the Central Plains were melted by the Han nationality, and even the Xianbei nationality was finally sinicized. There are descendants of Huns in Xunxian county, Henan province, but they have no characteristics of Huns except their surnames. During the Tang and Five Dynasties, many ethnic minorities were merged by the Han people in the Central Plains and became Han people. During the Tang Dynasty, Luoyang was the communication center in the north. "Businessmen peddled businessmen and were crowded with foreigners from Central Asia, Japan and the Korean Peninsula that day." The integration of national cultures made the Tang Dynasty a peak of cultural development in China. During the Five Dynasties, the Central Plains successively established Hou Liang, Later Tang Dynasty, Later Han Dynasty, Later Jin Dynasty and Later Friday Dynasty. Among them, the later Tang Dynasty, the later Han Dynasty and the later Jin Dynasty were established by Li Cun, Liu Zhiyuan and Shi Jingtang respectively, and Shatuo originated from Turkic. Licun captured Kaifeng Prefecture in Du Liang and established the post-Tang Dynasty in Luoyang, which marked that Shatuo Turkic forces officially entered the political arena of the Central Plains, thus bringing a large number of northwest and northeast ethnic minorities into the Central Plains. The dynasties established by these three ethnic minorities were all modeled after the traditional model of the Central Plains, and were jointly ruled by the Shatuo people and the upper-class nobles of the Han nationality, as was the army. There are no taboos in marriage. Most of the concubines of Emperor Shatuo were Han Chinese, so it was more common for Han people to marry ethnic minorities. Coupled with the ethos of righteous acts that prevailed in the Five Dynasties, Emperor Shatuo often chose brave and skillful Han people as fake sons and adopted sons to form political groups, which objectively accelerated the integration of all ethnic groups. The Song, Liao, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, which lasted for more than four centuries, was another important period of ethnic integration in the Central Plains. Henan Province in the Central Plains brought Mongolia, Uyghur, Hui, Jurchen and Xixia people into education with incomparable inclusiveness. The Northern Song Dynasty coexisted with countries such as Liao, Jin and Xixia, making the connection between them endless. Many Khitan, Jurchen and Xixia people came to Kaifeng. As for other ethnic minorities, "as for the Qiang people (people on the spine), birds carve their ears and feet, and animals live in the country where birds talk, and they all look forward to the sun and are tired of coming here." (Zhou Bangyan's Biandu Fu) Later, many people settled in the Central Plains. It was after the Northern Song Dynasty that a large number of Khitans entered the Central Plains, and the rulers of the Jin Dynasty "worried that Zhongzhou had the meaning of' 23' and set up a wasteland army. Not only the Jurchen, but also the Khitan and Xi families. Move from the headquarters to the middle earth, mix with the people, and put the account on the official land so that they can sow their own seeds to fill their mouths. " ("Daikin Koji? 6? 1 Land Reclamation) By the middle of the Yuan Dynasty, the Khitan people had been regarded as Han Chinese by the Yuan government. There were eight Han Chinese listed in Tao's Nanfeng Tuition, and the name "Khitan" gradually disappeared at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. From Emperor Taizong of Jin Dynasty to the end of Jin Dynasty, the inward migration of Nuzhen never stopped. In particular, Jin Xuanzong moved his capital to Bianjing because of the oppression of Mongols, and more Nuzhen moved in, accounting for about half of the total number of Nuzhen. They live together with the Han people, intermarry, change their surnames to the Han people and advocate Confucianism. Nuzhen's national characteristics gradually lost. The rulers of the Yuan Dynasty classified Jurchen, Han people and Qidan people as the third class, with the same political treatment, which objectively eliminated the national boundary between Jurchen and Han people and made Jurchen more Chinese. By the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the Jurchen in the Central Plains had completely integrated into the Han nationality. The fact of ethnic integration in the history of the Central Plains proves that the identification of ethnic minorities with the developed economy and culture in the Central Plains is a crucial factor in forming the cohesion of the Chinese nation. The Han nationality naturally becomes the core of cohesion, which also proves the irrefutable truth of Marx's assertion that "barbaric conquerors are always conquered by their conquered nation, Gao Wenming". In the political and cultural history, the Central Plains has long been a big stage for political competition, regime change and regime evolution. Numerous major political events and activities have taken place, accumulated a lot of political wisdom and experience, and formed a very rich political culture. Huangdi is recognized as the ancestor, who created the initial regime and established the embryonic form of state governance. From Yao Shunyu's abdication system to Xia, Shang and Zhou's hereditary system, the tribal alliance was transformed into a slave country. After that, political behaviors such as disputes, exchanges and alliances between countries constantly promoted the development of political power, opened the precedent of feudal society and formed a relatively perfect feudal system. For more than 3,000 years from the summer to the Song Dynasty, Henan has always been the political, economic and cultural center of our country, and more than 200 emperors have established or moved their capitals here, forming several peaks and glories of political civilization. Of the eight ancient capitals in China, four are in Henan: Kaifeng, Luoyang, Anyang and Zhengzhou. China's "competing for the Central Plains", "winning the Central Plains" and "winning the Central Plains will win the world" came from this.