There are so many non-legacy projects in Hunan, how many do you know?

Everyone's first thought is

Jinxiu Xiaoxiang, the hometown of great men

Hot Hunan cuisine, amorous Hunan women

in fact

Our great Hunan

Besides beautiful scenery, delicious food and beautiful women.

It also has a long history and culture.

How much do you know about Hunan's colorful intangible cultural heritage projects?

Come and learn about Hunan's intangible cultural heritage projects with Xiaoyue.

I promise to open your eyes.

According to the definition of UNESCO's Convention for the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage, intangible cultural heritage refers to various customs, performances, forms of expression, knowledge systems and skills and related tools, articles, handicrafts and cultural sites that are regarded as their cultural heritage by various groups, groups and sometimes individuals.

According to the Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on Intangible Cultural Heritage, intangible cultural heritage refers to various traditional cultural expressions handed down from generation to generation by people of all ethnic groups and regarded as part of their cultural heritage, as well as articles and places related to traditional cultural expressions.

Including:

(1) traditional oral literature and the language as its carrier;

(2) Traditional arts, calligraphy, music, dance, drama, folk art and acrobatics;

(3) Traditional skills, medicine and calendars; (4) Traditional etiquette, festivals and other folk customs;

(5) Traditional sports and entertainment; (6) Other intangible cultural heritage.

Tongdao Dong Lusheng is a widely spread traditional folk musical instrument in Tongdao Dong Autonomous County. It is developed from an ancient reed instrument with a history of more than 2000 years.

Yueyang Dongting fishing song is a traditional folk song in Yueyang. Fishermen call it "Yakou" (that is, they can sing with their mouths open and fishermen can express their feelings freely), which forms the unique flavor of fishing songs in Dongting Lake area. Like other folk songs, it was produced and developed by Dongting fishermen in long-term social practice.

Jingzhou Miao songs are an important carrier of their living conditions, interpersonal emotional communication and national cultural inheritance, and an indispensable part of their daily life.

Other folk music: Soviet area ballads, Yanling Hakka folk songs, Pingjiang folk songs, Guiyang Yao songs, Dong throat Lu songs, Jiang labor songs, Xiangxi Tujia folk songs, Liuyang Confucian temple ancient music, etc.

Other folk dances: Dragon Dance (Xiangxi Miao Dragon Dance, Chengbu Dragon Dance, Xuefeng Broken Neck Dragon Dance, Zhijiang Nie Dragon Dance, Hengnan Qiao Qi Dragon Dance, Dongjing Dragon Dance), Silkworm Lantern Dance, String Spring Dance, Xiangxi Tujia Tongling Dance, Qijiang Charcoal Dance, Sangzhi Bai People's War Encouragement, etc.

Hunan shadow play has a long history and is widely spread all over Hunan. Most of its shadow figures are "paper dolls", and the essence of folk art such as paper-cutting, painting and sculpture has been absorbed in the shadow production. The carving techniques are rich, the combination of reality and reality, the complexity and simplicity set each other off, and the shape is beautiful and vivid.

Huaihua Xinhuang

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The Dong Nuo Opera in Xinhuang, Huaihua, got its name because it jumped in the sound of drums (drums) and pushes (small gongs with convex sounds in the middle).

Shaoyang puppet show is taught by word of mouth. The performance methods and skills are as follows: an artist has a pair of shoulders, whether it is a big drama, a small drama, a literary drama or a martial arts drama, it depends entirely on the artist's hands, feet, mouth and tongue, and his ten fingers are flexible. Most of them are martial arts dramas, ghost dramas and burlesque dramas. The music is mainly based on Qi Opera singing, with a fresh, simple and pure style, which is unique.

Chenhe High-pitched Opera and Chenhe High-pitched Opera in Luxi, western Hunan are local operas with high-pitched operas, including high-pitched operas, tanqiang operas and a few Kunqu operas, among which "Mulian Opera" has the reputation of "a living fossil of drama".

Other traditional operas: Hunan Lantern Opera (Golden Harvest Lantern Opera, Mayang Lantern Opera, Sangzhi Lantern Opera), Qi Opera, Nuo Opera (Linwu Nuo Opera, Sangzhi Nuo Opera, Meishan Nuo Opera, Xupu Nuo Opera), Opera (Changsha Opera

There are four kinds of Hunan Quyi: Sixian, Fishing Drum, Tanci and Minor. In the long-term development, different rap styles have been formed in central Hunan, southern Hunan, northern Hunan and western Hunan.

Other Quyi: Qiyang Minor, Yiyang Tanci, Qidong Fishing Drum, Xiangxi Sanbang Drum, etc.

Yuanling Dragon Boat Race is a traditional entertainment and sports event in western Hunan, which integrates folklore and competition. The main features are long race schedule, more boat races, more rowers, more spectators and more tricks.

Other traditional sports, entertainment and acrobatics: Dachengquan, Ghost Valley in Zhangjiajie, Meishan Wushu, and Shrimp Arch in Yiyang.

Flower picking by Huayao in Longhui, Shaoyang is a unique handicraft for Yao women in Longhui. Flower waist embroidery is made of dark blue or white homespun and colored silk thread. When embroidering, artists don't need to describe the design, and they don't need molds to make embroidery frames. He just followed the warp and weft of the homespun and picked it by hand. The craft is unique and has great cultural connotation.

The traditional producing areas of Xiang embroidery in Changsha are mainly distributed in Changsha and dozens of towns and villages in Changsha County, Wangcheng County and Kaifu District under its jurisdiction. In the past century, Xiang embroidery was widely regarded as one of the four famous embroideries in China.

Liuyang chrysanthemum stone carving is a traditional stone carving art with chrysanthemum stone as raw material.

Chrysanthemum stone carving techniques include flat carving, relief carving, round carving, line carving, hollow carving, three-dimensional carving and comprehensive carving. Because it is modeled according to materials, every chrysanthemum stone carving handicraft is a unique treasure.

Shaoyang Baoqing bamboo carving is a folk craft, based on practical bamboo craft, which integrates ornamental and practicality. There are various carving techniques, rich themes and unique techniques, and there are more than 20 kinds of knife techniques alone. Bamboo spring carving is ivory in color and elegant in style.

Shaoyang Beach Woodblock New Year Picture is the only hand-made woodblock watermark New Year Picture in Hunan Province, which has strong local characteristics in southern Chu. There are more than forty kinds of traditional beachhead woodblock New Year pictures, which are divided into three categories: portraits of door gods, auspicious meanings and operas. In the process of making beachhead woodblock New Year pictures, traditional techniques such as steaming paper, holding glue and brushing powder are unique to beachhead, and "opening face" is also a unique skill different from other New Year pictures.

Miao painting in Baojing, Xiangxi is an independent painting developed on the basis of traditional monochromatic embroidery patterns. Miao paintings are rich in themes, which mostly reflect the historical and realistic situation of Miao culture, production and life, commodity trade, folk beliefs and so on.

Xiangxi Phoenix Paper Post is mainly popular in Fenghuang area of Hunan Province, with a long history of development. Phoenix paper is bound with bamboo strips, covered with leather paper and painted, showing a high artistic level. "Nie's paper-binding" is unique. The images of people, animals, flowers, insects and fish are vivid.

Other folk arts: Xiangxi Miao costume painting, Pushi Xunziwu architectural art, Tujia turret architectural art, wood carving (Xiangxi wood carving, Dongkou wood carving), stone carving (Tawo stone carving, Liu Yang stone carving, Chrysanthemum stone carving, Dongkou crystal stone carving), Tujia bamboo carving, Xiangxi Miao Xiu, Xiangxi Miao flower picking, Luxi Nuo mask, Shaoyang feather painting, folk paper cutting, etc.

The forging technique of silver ornaments of Fenghuang Miao nationality in western Hunan is unique to Miao nationality, and all ornaments are handmade. The style and structure of silver ornaments have been carefully designed by craftsmen, and there are 30 processes from drawing to carving, including casting, beating, welding, weaving and washing. , with a high level of technology.

The production technology of Anhua Liangqian tea in Yiyang The production of Anhua Liangqian tea is divided into two stages: black tea production and deep processing. The production process of black tea is complicated. After 55 days of sun exposure, the finished black tea is made.

Other traditional handcraft skills: Miao flower ribbon skills, Xiangxi earthenware making skills, bamboo weaving skills, Cai Lun paper making skills, smoke-loving making skills, Yuezhou fan making skills, Changsha kiln bronze pottery making skills, traditional biscuit making skills, Guzhang Maojian making skills, Wugang stewed vegetables making skills, carved candied fruit making skills, alcoholic liquor making skills, Yongfeng hot sauce making skills, Baojing flower preserved eggs making skills, etc.

The legend of Meng Jiangnu, Jiashan Meng Jiangnu, is a folk love story mainly spread in Lishui River basin in northwest Hunan. In the northwest of Hunan Province, a unique Nuo culture of Meng Jiangnv has been formed with the Lishui River basin as the center, and activities such as Nuo tour, Nuo sacrifice and Nuo opera have been circulated among the people.

Other traditional handcraft skills: Miao flower ribbon skills, Xiangxi earthenware making skills, bamboo weaving skills, Cai Lun paper making skills, smoke-loving making skills, Yuezhou fan making skills, Changsha kiln bronze pottery making skills, traditional biscuit making skills, Guzhang Maojian making skills, Wugang stewed vegetables making skills, carved candied fruit making skills, alcoholic liquor making skills, Yongfeng hot sauce making skills, Baojing flower preserved eggs making skills, etc.

? Yueyang Miluo Changle Taige Story Club

Yueyang Miluo Changle Pavilion-lifting Story Meeting is a pavilion-lifting performance form reserved in traditional festivals and folk activities in Changle Town, Miluo City.

? Yongzhou Jiangyong Nvshu Custom

The custom of Jiangyong women's script in Yongzhou Jiangyong women's script is the only gender character in the world-a female-only character. Its development, inheritance and cultural information constitute the custom of female calligraphy.

Other folk customs: Miao Mid-Autumn Festival, April 8th, Guzhang Horse Jumping Festival, Miao Xiangtiao Festival, Yao people sitting in karaoke bars, the custom of smashing tea, the custom of camellia oleifera, the custom of "begging for the bride's return" of Huayao people, the custom of worshipping the gods of Sangzhi Bai people, the custom of splashing water dragons in Zhangjiajie, the story of tying (the story of bamboo plum bearing a lotus source, the story of an appropriate chapter night) and white stilts.

These projects are just the tip of the iceberg of Hunan intangible culture! Up to now, there are 4 non-legacy human projects in Hunan, including 1 18 national projects and 324 provincial projects, among which 12 1 person was selected as the national inheritor and 202 provincial inheritors, ranking the upper reaches of the country.

This article is edited by Tencent Daxiang.com Yueyang Guan Wei-Hello Yueyang WeChat official account, ID: tengxunyuyang. Pay attention to Hello Yueyang for more information.