What are the folk customs in Guangxi?

Guangxi folk resources are divided into six categories:

1, singing and dancing entertainment

All ethnic minorities in Guangxi are famous for their love of singing and good at singing folk songs. The folk songs are loud and unrestrained; The content is simple and healthy, narrative and lyrical, and the subject matter is extensive; Bixing rhymes, parallelism overlaps, and the expression techniques are flexible and diverse, which has high artistry. You can improvise, sing along with the editing, use local materials and render the atmosphere, which has a strong life breath and entertainment appreciation function. Folk songs are widely used, and people of all ethnic groups in Guangxi cannot do without them. Festive celebrations, courtship and entertainment etiquette are mostly accompanied by songs. In particular, Bao Zhuang Mountain Township gave birth to the singer Liu Sanjie, who is known as the "sea of songs". There are songs of different sizes everywhere in Zhuangxiang. Every year on March 3rd, every song will hold a grand ceremony. Dong Township is also known as "the hometown of poetry and the ocean of songs". Dong people's love songs are beautiful, sincere and enthusiastic, and the narrative songs are euphemistic and tortuous, with profound implications. Pipa Music is accompanied by pipa or gage with piano, and the tune is cheerful and smooth. "Da Song" is a multi-voice chorus with a loud voice and great momentum. Others, such as Luohai and Huange of Maonan nationality, Zoupo duet of Songlao nationality, Hage and Haige of Jing nationality, loud songs of Yao nationality and Li Xiangge of Chashan Yao nationality, all have strong national characteristics.

The ethnic minorities in Bagui can not only sing, but also dance well. Most of the dance contents reflect the production, life and religious beliefs of people of all ethnic groups. Lusheng dance, popular among Miao, Zhuang, Dong, Shui, Yao and other ethnic groups, holds Lusheng and dances while playing. Dance moves focus on the feet, with small steps, fast kicking, bright and smooth rhythm, showing high dance skills. Bronze drums or long drums are also loved by Yao, Zhuang, Shui, Miao and Yi nationalities. Every holiday celebration, we often jump up to boost morale. Drummers dance to the beat, while dancers sing and dance. The rhythm is lively and the atmosphere is warm. Others, such as master dance, snail dance, spring dance, shoulder pole dance, tea dance and hydrangea dance of Zhuang nationality, hunting dance and tile dance of Yao nationality, lantern dance, music dance and stick dance of Jing nationality, Wu Ye dance of Dong nationality, bench dance of Miao nationality and beef tendon dance of Yi nationality, all have different styles and customs.

Colorful folk entertainment and drama have also added a lot of fun to people of all ethnic groups in Guangxi. The Dong people's bullfighting is soul-stirring, and the Miao race in Touma is also fierce. In the Song Dynasty, the old man plays, the phoenix protects the eggs, and the Dong people compete for fireworks. Zhuang, Dong, Miao and Yao bird fighting clubs are full of fun, and Luocheng Song and Lao cockfighting competitions are unique. Zhuang Opera, Dong Opera and Maonan Opera have different costumes, diverse vocals and strong national characteristics. Such entertainment activities are hard to count. They are entertaining, competitive and participatory, and can entertain people as well as themselves.

Song and dance entertainment custom is the essence of folk tourism resources in Guangxi, which has high cultural taste and tourism development value. This is because: first of all, song and dance itself is art, which can give people beautiful enjoyment. At the same time, they are full of rich ethnic customs and deep life breath, which can give tourists a fresh and strange feeling. Secondly, most song and dance entertainment activities are not strict with the time and space requirements for performances, and they can be performed regularly, which is convenient for centralized development and makes it a regular folk performance project. Thirdly, song and dance entertainment is characterized by openness, which allows tourists to participate in activities, chorus, dance with actors and experience the novel feelings brought by different cultures.

2. Old season customs

Almost every ethnic minority has its own unique national festivals. Most ethnic festivals focus on many folk customs, with large scenes, many participants and strong ethnic customs. Especially leisure festivals, such as "Geng Festival on March 3rd" of Zhuang nationality, "Huahuo Festival" of Dong nationality, "Lusheng Festival" of Miao nationality and 1} "Slope Festival" of Laos, have a warm atmosphere, and tourists can enjoy, sing and dance on the day of the festival, which has the greatest potential for tourism development. Religious festivals such as Yao's Festival, Zhuang's Festival, Yi's Tree Worship Festival and Jing's Ha's Festival have unique atmosphere, spectacular scenes, many entertainment performances and strong original ecological meaning. As long as it is properly developed and utilized, it can satisfy the psychology of folk tourists seeking the ancient and the different, and make this folk resource have unique charm.

3. Ritual activities

Folk tourism is different from landscape tourism. The latter is the blending and coordination between man (tourist) and nature, while the former is the communication and tuning between man (tourist) and man (as the host of folk custom carrier). The host's speech etiquette and code of conduct will directly affect tourists. Novel, independent and enthusiastic hospitality etiquette will leave a deep impression on tourists and build a bridge between tourists and their hosts. Therefore, to carry out folk tourism, we must attach importance to the development of national etiquette. Most ethnic minorities in Guangxi are simple and hospitable, and the development of national etiquette is guaranteed by profound life foundation and cultural tradition. For example, Yao people in Dayaoshan fired a gun to see off the guests and welcomed them with a "ritual song meeting"; Dong people entertain guests with "Camellia oleifera", while Miao people welcome guests with road blocking wine, each with its own characteristics, which can be used for reference. However, these ceremonies are casual and irregular. To develop tourism, we should pay attention to standardization on the basis of maintaining national characteristics and traditions.

Wedding etiquette is also worth developing. People can take those wonderful fragments of marriage and love customs as performance items for tourists to enjoy. Secondly, we can provide special services for some tourists and experience the marriage customs of ethnic minorities. Bagui's marriage customs are varied and have profound national and local colors. Liujiang Zhuang people want to sing Hari songs, pick up relatives with ox carts and scatter grains at home. The wedding of the Zhuang nationality in Xiangzhou should be given by my uncle, opening tea, burning mother and honoring mother. These wedding customs are interesting and worth developing and utilizing.

4. Eating habits

"Eating" is one of the six elements of tourism activities. Guangxi is rich in products, with fragrant fruits and vegetables all year round, and unique flavors of tea, wine and rice. Sour taste and waxy taste are the dietary characteristics of Guangxi people. There are many kinds of sour food. Dong and Maonan people have almost no taste without acid. Dong family sour fish, sour duck, Maonan sour Fan Luo, Fuxing and urn are all sour delicacies. There are many staple foods and snacks of glutinous rice, such as Zhuang's five-color rice, magnetic handle sand cake and Dong's hand glutinous rice, which are all very distinctive. Camellia oleifera, which is deeply loved by Miao, Dong, Zhuang and Yao people, is sweet and delicious, and can help digestion and greasy. Yao never leaves the fresh. Yao cells in Dayao Mountain are pickled with snow birds and peeled frogs into bird frogs, which are crisp and sweet. Maonan beef is tender and delicious. If these foods with strong national characteristics are developed into flavor snacks for tourists to taste, they will certainly be full and add a lot of fun.

5. Clothing and architecture

National costumes and architecture are the most intuitive things in folk customs. The emergence of ethnic customs with clothing and architecture as the main structure can leave a deep and strong impression on tourists who have just arrived in the country. Therefore, we should attach importance to the utilization and development of national costumes and buildings. Most of the national costumes in Guangxi are simple and elegant, but the women's costumes of Yao, Miao and Dong are quite decorative. Yao costumes have strong regional characteristics, and women's dresses are rich in colors, with as many as 100 styles. Miao and Dong women like to wear gold and silver, and their costumes are mostly short skirts and long skirts. All parts of the clothes are equipped with lace and ribbons, and pleated skirts are layered, which looks beautiful and colorful.

Zhuang, Dong, Miao, Yao and other ethnic dwellings are mostly dry-column buildings. Generally, wood is used as raw material, and nails are rarely used, but they are durable and have strong adaptability to the warm and humid environment in Guangxi, which lives by the mountain and has a sloping terrain. Most other ethnic buildings are also wooden structures. Sanjiang Chengyang Fengyu Bridge and Dong caravan drum tower are outstanding representatives of this kind of wood structure building system.

6. Ethnic handicrafts

"Purchase" is also one of the elements of tourism activities. Attaching importance to the development of traditional handicrafts can not only promote the economic development in ethnic areas, but also enrich the tourist commodity market and provide more souvenirs with ethnic characteristics for tourists. People of all ethnic groups in Guangxi are skillful in weaving, dyeing, embroidering, weaving and carving. Zhuang brocade and Dong brocade have bright colors and unique patterns, and have enjoyed a certain reputation at home and abroad. Miao embroidery works exquisitely and meticulously, with colorful colors. Yao's embroidery combines embroidery with embroidery, and the pattern is beautiful and vivid. The weaving and carving of Maonan nationality have a unique national style; The "flower bamboo hat" is exquisite in craftsmanship and very beautiful; The woodcarving mask is lifelike, lifelike. If these handicrafts can be developed into tourist commodities, they will be loved by tourists.

Source: Journal of Guangxi University for Nationalities (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition) No.2, 1996.

Development of Folk Tourism Resources in Guo Lixin/Guangxi