Solve? What do the four leaders of historians mean? Specific point

Historiography is a university question, which advocates that historians should have all talents, knowledge and morality. Thinking often is one of the fine traditions of China's historiography.

Liu Zhiji, a historian in the Tang Dynasty, put forward the theory of "talent, learning and knowledge".

Historical ability refers to the narration of historical events and the organization of historical materials, which is logical, vivid and concise.

Historiography refers to historians' extensive historical knowledge, rich mastery of materials and rigorous textual research on historical materials.

Historical knowledge refers to the ideas and positions held, that is, how to recognize and judge history.

On this basis, Zhang Xuecheng, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, put forward the theory of "real virtue", arguing that "Confucianism in literature and history strives for talent, learning and knowledge, but does not know how to judge real virtue by heart. Is it wonderful? " Shi De is the requirement of the historian's quality, morality and cultivation, that is, "the author's heart".

Any successful history book that can be handed down from generation to generation is permeated with the talents, knowledge, knowledge and morality of historians, especially the latter two, namely the editors' historical thoughts and moral standards.

Historical revision is a cognitive activity to explore the way of historical evolution, so historians must "know before literature and art" and have a correct understanding; At the same time, we should be clear about good and evil, praise evil and hate each other, have a strong sense of historical responsibility, be loyal to historical facts, adhere to the book of good and evil, and be straightforward in writing.