China folk art paper-cut clay sculpture Chinese knot

Since the Republic of China, due to a large number of western ideas such as science and technology, China's original social form and lifestyle have undergone major changes, and many inherent cultural heritages have not been well preserved and disseminated, resulting in low practical value, while time-consuming and laborious traditional culture and skills have gradually declined and even disappeared in the society that is constantly transforming into modernization. China's traditional knitting technology is the best example. Another reason for the decline of weaving art is that the materials it uses, whether animal fibers or ropes made of plants, are limited by innate conditions and cannot withstand various physical and chemical erosion of the years, so they cannot be passed down to future generations for a long time. The oldest knot attached to utensils can only be found in the Qing Dynasty.

Clay sculpture art is an ancient and common folk art in China. It takes soil as raw material and is shaped by hand. Or plain or colorful, mainly people and animals.

Tianjin clay figurine Zhang developed in Daoguang period of Qing Dynasty. It was initiated by Mr. Zhang Mingshan and has been circulating for 180 years.

Wuxi colored sculpture has a history of 400 years. After generations of artistic practice, artists created the world-famous Huishan clay figurines. In the Qing Dynasty, clay sculptures formed two famous schools in the north and south: Tianjin clay fighter Zhang in the north and Wuxi Huishan clay figurines in the south. "Clay figurine Zhang" refers to Tianjin clay figurine Zhang Changlin, a family of sculptors. His works are characterized by realism, character modeling, voice and smile, and color decoration, all of which emphasize the word "elephant". His sons, Zhang and Sun, Zhang Jingju, inherited their ancestral business and made contributions to China's color plastic arts. Huishan clay figurines can be divided into two categories: one is "clay wants goods" for children to play with, and "Daafu" is the most typical work. Its shape is plump, lively, vigorous and concise, with bright and warm colors and strong local flavor. The other kind is "hand-kneading drama", which mainly shapes opera characters. This kind of clay figurine pays great attention to the description of species, with exaggerated and decent shapes, concise expression techniques, simple and profound colors and local characteristics of Jiangnan. Modern famous artists include Hu Xinming, Wang Zhongfu and Yu Qingcheng. In addition, Fengxiang in Shaanxi, Baigou River in Hebei, Huqiu in Suzhou and other places are also important producing areas of famous folk clay sculptures.

The state attaches great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage. On May 20th, 2006, this heritage was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

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