What are the current food safety problems in China? Analyze the reasons for the occurrence

1. Food safety problems arising from the agricultural production process

(1) agricultural production process caused by product contamination

Agricultural production process requires the use of a large number of fertilizers, pesticides and veterinary drugs, and fertilizers, pesticides and veterinary drugs and other means of production due to its quality and use of inappropriate will lead to agricultural products, fertilizer, pesticides and veterinary drug residues, exceeding the standard or other product safety issues. More serious is the fertilizer, pesticide and veterinary drug residues can survive for a long time, not only cause the season product safety problems, but also will seriously pollute the agro-ecological environment, resulting in subsequent product pollution.

(2) agricultural production environment is polluted by product pollution

Agricultural products from planting to harvesting need to go through the natural growth process, which depends on the survival of the environment consists of soil, water and climate and other elements. With the accelerated industrialization process in China and the rapid development of the extractive industry, coupled with the agricultural production process itself formed by fertilizers, pesticides, veterinary drug residue pollution, China's agro-ecological environment is increasingly serious, part of the production of environmental pollution of agricultural products to the safety of the threat has reached a serious level. For example, in 2010, Hainan hydramine phosphorus pollution has seriously affected the local agricultural irrigation water. Pollution of rivers, lakes and coastal seas has become an important factor leading to food insecurity. Currently there are numerous rivers, lakes and offshore areas in the country that are polluted to varying degrees, including 51 lakes with algae pollution and eutrophication. According to the recently released data show that China's heavy metal contaminated arable land area has reached 20 million hectares, accounting for 1 / 6 of the country's total arable land area, these contaminated water and soil in the persistent organic pollutants and heavy metals degree of severity, and will be in the agricultural, livestock, aquatic products in the enrichment, and thus pose a serious threat to human health. The recent emergence of "tainted rice" is also mainly due to the pollution of the production environment. Foodborne diseases caused by microorganisms and their toxin contamination will result from contaminated food, and food poisoning caused by pathogenic microorganisms and their toxins exists in large numbers. For example, salmonellosis, vibriosis, enterohemorrhagic E. coli, and so on. Chemical fertilizers, pesticide residues, exceeding the standard, veterinary drugs, biological hormones and growth promoters, such as improper use, as well as pollution of the breeding environment, this source of pollution will result in a large number of grains containing hazardous substances, vegetables, fruits, meat and meat products, milk and dairy products and other substandard products flooded the market, and it will be a serious danger to human health.

2. Pollution caused by food processing

With the acceleration of the pace of life and the development of agricultural and sideline products processing industry, people's habits of food consumption gradually from the primary agricultural and sideline products to the transition to the processed food, the current consumption of processed food accounted for the proportion of the total amount of food consumption is growing. In the process of food processing, due to the backwardness of processing equipment, processing procedures and processing technology, as well as the production and processing enterprises failed to operate in strict accordance with the process requirements and food safety standards (e.g., incomplete microbial killing leading to the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms, overuse, abuse of food additives, or the illegal use of non-food additives in food, etc.), the use of irrational and illegal pigments, additives, and the environmental impacts of the processing site, such as serious pollution will produce a processing process. Serious pollution and so on will produce pollution of the processing process, affecting food safety, serious will form toxic food.

3. Illegal production and operation of food safety problems

Currently unlicensed, unlicensed illegal production and operation of food is still a serious problem, the food fraud is repeated. These illegal production and management enterprises have little awareness of the law, focusing on management, production and health, this phenomenon if not eliminated will bring great food safety hazards.

(B) the circulation process of pollution

Food from the origin to the consumer table needs to be harvested, processing, packaging, storage and transportation and other procedures, in the process, due to harvesting, processing time to grasp the bad and encountered bad weather, or the use of unqualified packaging materials, or storage is not appropriate, or irrational transportation, as well as harvesting, processing, packaging, storage and transportation equipment and technology, and many other factors. Many factors such as harvesting, processing, packaging, storage and transportation equipment and technology, will cause the product to rot and spoilage or contamination or damage and other product safety problems.　Analysis of the causes of food safety problems

(1) Analysis of the legal system and regulatory level

1. Inadequate legal system of food safety

There are many shortcomings and problems in China's legal system of food safety, which provide room for many problematic food products to survive. China's food safety laws and regulations are too general and difficult to operate, and these laws and regulations and standards system is seriously lagging behind. Some of the existing standard level of food safety regulations are low, many indicators are far below international standards, many important standards have not yet been developed, some of the existing standards are not uniform, which provides an opportunity for those unscrupulous manufacturers, enterprises illegal production of ultra-low standards, food does not meet the standards.

2. Food safety regulatory system is flawed

China's food supervision has been to take the segment management as the main, varieties of management as a complementary approach, in the actual process of operation, due to unclear responsibilities, the various functional departments will be competing to regulate and duplication of law enforcement phenomenon, or competing to not care about the phenomenon of each other to shirk their responsibilities. These phenomena will lead to ineffective supervision and lax law enforcement, thus giving certain food production and management enterprises illegal production and sale of substandard food provides the space for gaming.

3. Dereliction of duty and corruption of regulators

Food safety problems, in addition to the criminal behavior of illegal business enterprises and black-hearted businessmen, are also closely related to the irresponsibility and inaction of administrative officials with regulatory responsibilities, or abuse of power, dereliction of duty, or acceptance of bribes, money and power transactions, or dereliction of duty. These various behaviors are intertwined, so that the food safety problem is more complicated, the investigation and handling of the difficulties, resistance is very large.