Ignition system common failure phenomenon and causes

Ignition system common failure phenomena and causes

Ignition system common failure phenomena and causes, we will inevitably encounter some car trouble when driving a car, leading to car trouble for a number of reasons, so we need to find out the corresponding faults in order to solve the problem of the car, the following share the ignition system common failure phenomena and causes.

Engine ignition system using non-contact ignition system, the main faults of the ignition system are as follows:

1, spark plug failure, failure phenomenon: spark plug carbon, oil and overheating phenomena; causes of the failure: spark plug carbon: insulator ends, electrodes, and the spark plug shell is often covered with a layer of thick black gray powder, which is often used in the car, but also in the car. With a layer of fairly thick black and gray powdery soft scale.

Spark plug oil: Failure phenomenon: insulator end, electrode and spark plug shell covered with a layer of oil. Spark plug overheating: the center electrode melting, insulator top loose, floppy, insulator end most of the gray-white crust;

2, ignition is too late, fault phenomenon: muffler sound heavy, sharp acceleration carburetor backfire, engine coolant temperature is high, the car driving powerless; fault causes: ignition angle is not correct, you can adjust the ignition angle to the specified value;

3, ignition Time too early, fault phenomenon: idling is not stable, easy to stall; acceleration, the engine has a serious burst of sound; fault causes: the fault is mainly ignition timing adjustment is inaccurate or ignition angle assembly misalignment caused by the ignition can be connected to the ignition tester, adjust the ignition advance angle to the specified value.

Low-voltage circuit common faults, the battery is not enough power; line connection is bad or messy; battery lap is bad; distributor or Hall sensor damage; ignition switch damage or poor wiring; transistorized ignition control unit is damaged or poor wiring. Most of the diagnostic methods for low-voltage circuit faults use an ammeter or voltmeter to check line by line to eliminate the point of failure.

Common faults in the high-voltage circuit:

1, high-voltage wire off or leakage; distributor cap rupture breakdown; distributor distributor head ablation rupture breakdown; spark plug electrode gap is too large or too small; spark plug too much carbon; spark plug insulator is damaged; ignition coil is damaged or wiring off;

2, the high-voltage circuit Failure of most of the high-pressure ignition method, that is, the distributor center high-pressure line or a cylinder high-pressure line unplugged, will be placed at a distance of 3 to 6mm from the cylinder, start the engine test fire, sparks and sparks are strong, indicating that the ignition system is working properly.

Failures of the ignition system include low-voltage circuit failures and high-voltage circuit failures.

1. Low-voltage circuit failure

Low-voltage circuit breakage or short-circuit failure will lead to the inability to generate high-voltage electricity, so that the engine can not start. If the sensor fails, it will affect the ignition timing, which will cause the engine to consume more fuel and emit more emissions.

Low-voltage circuits are often faulty parts and causes are: poor battery ride, poor connection or wiring miswiring of the terminals, ignition switch damage or poor wiring, ignition signal sensor damage, ignition damage or lifting the bad.

Low-voltage circuit troubleshooting using simple experimental method of checking the line by line to rule out the point of failure, for the computer control system sensors and electronic devices can be read fault code to determine the fault location.

2. high voltage circuit failure

The common faults of the high voltage circuit are high voltage no fire, high voltage fire weak, ignition timing is bad. High-voltage circuit failure parts and causes are: poor insulation of high-voltage lines; poor contact with high-voltage lines; ignition coil internal short-circuit, disconnection; distributor cover rupture, dirt, damage to the distributor head; spark plugs dirty, carbon, oil, rupture and improper gap adjustment.

3. Common failure analysis

(1) The engine can not start.

1) Failure phenomenon: when the starter starts, the starter runs normally, after checking the fuel supply system, starting system, power supply system is good, so it is the ignition system causes the car can not run normally.

2) Failure causes: low voltage line short circuit or disconnection; ignition coil primary winding and secondary winding disconnection or short circuit; ignition controller, ignition signal generator damage; distributor center electrode fracture or spring damage; ignition head breakdown; high-voltage bus disconnection; high pressure distribution line or spark plug damage to the cylinders; ignition time is too early or too late.

3)Methods of elimination: poor connection and then connect, replace the damaged parts, improper timing adjustment timing.

(2) engine high speed operation is poor.

1) Failure phenomenon: the engine idling normal, high-speed operation is unstable.

2) Reasons for failure: individual cylinder spark plug electrode gap is too large, ignition coil aging to reduce the secondary voltage.

3)Methods of elimination: find the abnormal cylinder spark plug, adjust the gap or replace the spark plug; find the abnormal ignition coil and replace it.

(3) Individual cylinders do not work.

1) The phenomenon of the failure: the engine working process has obvious shaking phenomenon, black smoke from the exhaust pipe, and issued a rhythmic ``butt'' sound, and even discharge, power decline, high fuel consumption.

2) Failure causes: individual cylinder spark plugs too much carbon, electrode gap or insulation rupture; individual cylinder of the cylinder high-voltage line off, leakage, resistance is too large; distributor cover individual jack rupture, leakage; ignition coil aging leads to a reduction in the secondary voltage; distributor triggering rotor positioning pin is loose; poor contact within the electronic controller.

3)Methods of elimination: poor connection connection, replacement of damaged parts.

(4)Ignition sequence is wrong.

1) Failure phenomenon: engine start difficulty; start after the unstable operation; exhaust pipe has a "cannon" phenomenon.

2) Failure causes: distributor cover breakdown leakage; sub-cylinder high-voltage wire connection error; ignition signal generator rotor positioning pin off; ignition head wear loose; ignition timing adjustment.

3)Methods of elimination: poor connection connection, replacement of damaged parts, improper timing adjustment timing, reconnecting the correct high-voltage lead to the cylinder.

Ignition system common failure phenomena and causes 3

Ignition system failure causes:

1, low-voltage circuits common failures, insufficient battery storage, wire connection is bad or messy, poor battery lap, distributor or Hall sensor damage, ignition switch damage or wiring is bad, the transistorized ignition control unit damage or wiring is bad. p>

3, high-pressure circuit faults are mostly high-pressure ignition method, that is, the center of the distributor high-pressure line or a cylinder high-pressure line unplugged, will be placed at a distance of 3-6mm from the cylinder, start the engine test fire, sparks and sparks are strong, indicating that the ignition system is working properly.

Start the engine, check whether the warning light is on, if it is on, you should use the fault decoder to read the fault code, and according to the content of the fault code to diagnose the fault of the low-voltage circuit, the warning light is normal, then you should check the high-voltage circuit of the ignition system.

Turn off the ignition switch, test the ignition coil is normal or not, there is a fault, then replace it. Unplug the engine crankshaft position sensor, use a multimeter to measure the resistance between the corresponding socket terminals, if the measured value is not in line with the provisions, the engine crankshaft position sensor should be replaced.