What are the dosage forms of traditional Chinese medicine?

Being sick is no stranger to us. Usually some small headaches and colds are actually very common. Every day, we find that there are always many people in the hospital. Of course, many people will not choose to go to the hospital when their illness is not very serious, but will buy medicine and Chinese medicine, because Chinese medicine has fewer side effects. What are the dosage forms of traditional Chinese medicine? How to choose the appropriate dosage form of traditional Chinese medicine?

1, Chinese medicine dosage form

(1) decoction: it is the most primitive and oldest dosage form. The most prominent feature of decoction is that it can be used in large quantities and comprehensively. Can be compatible with a variety of traditional Chinese medicines, and a large bowl of traditional Chinese medicine can be boiled into a large bowl of soup, which can be drunk at one time. As the saying goes, medicine is better than vegetables, and vegetables are better than water. People can't eat when they have a bad appetite and indigestion, so they can only drink soup because it is the easiest to digest and absorb. If all these medicines are ground into powder to eat, it is a problem whether they can be eaten at first. Moreover, even if you eat it, whether it can be digested is still a problem. If the condition is complicated and you want to get quick results, you can only use decoction.

(2) Powder: it is made by evaporating the water in the decoction and drying it. After melting, the texture is also delicate, which is easier to absorb and more convenient to store and transport.

(3) Oral liquid: filtering solid particles, honey, edible essence, etc. It is added to improve the taste and is suitable for children and people who can't bear bitter medicine. Because there are many people with diabetes now, and some oral liquids are sugar-free. Oral liquid and powder are both fixed prescriptions, which are inconvenient and flexible to be compatible. They are mainly used to treat simple diseases. Oral liquid also has the characteristics of easy absorption, but the dosage is small, and the curative effect is worse than that of decoction, but due to the increase of processing procedures, the cost is higher and the price is more expensive.

(4) Honey pill: It is made by crushing, soaking and cooking Chinese medicines, extracting concentrated juice and small particles, and adding honey. Honey pills are more refined than ground powder, but rougher than liquid medicine, and sometimes taste bad.

(5) Injection: not absorbed by digestive tract, suitable for people with poor appetite, poor digestion and coma who can't eat.

2. Choose your own situation

(1) decoction: fast absorption, good effect and convenient addition and subtraction.

Decoction is the most widely used dosage form in clinic. Decoction has the characteristics of quick absorption, quick action, flexible addition and subtraction and strong pertinence. For example, Mahuang decoction can treat exogenous wind-cold, Chengqi decoction can purge excess heat, and Shen Du decoction can tonify deficiency and dissipate stagnation.

Decoct the decoction pieces in water for a certain period of time, then take the juice and take it, and it becomes a decoction. Can be decocted with a single Chinese medicine, or can be decocted with a combination of several, a dozen or even dozens of Chinese medicines.

Generally decocted once a day, twice in the morning and evening. Drink less tea and eat less radish after taking the medicine, because tea and radish will reduce the effect of tonic drugs, especially ginseng drugs.

(2) Chinese patent medicine: low toxicity, accurate dosage and easy to carry.

After processing, Chinese herbal medicines can not only be made into decoction according to the requirements of doctors' prescriptions, but also be processed into pills, powders, ointments, pills and other dosage forms.

Pills release drugs slowly, but have long efficacy, reducing toxicity and irritation, and weakening adverse reactions. Common ones are water pills, honey pills, ointment pills and wax pills. Concentrated pills and dropping pills developed in recent years have the characteristics of fast absorption and high bioavailability.

Powder is powder. Because of its large surface area, it is easy to disperse and absorb, and has quick effect, such as Huoxue Zhitong Powder and guilin watermelon frost.

Ointment can be divided into oral and external use. Oral administration is often said to be ointment, which has nourishing effect, such as Shiquan Dabu ointment. External use is a plaster, which is mostly suitable for the treatment of surgical sores or wind-cold arthralgia, such as joint analgesic ointment, burn ointment, dog skin ointment, etc.

The tablet is accurate in dosage, stable in quality, convenient to take and carry, and rich in variety. However, due to the need to add adhesive into tablets, the surface area of drugs is greatly reduced, which affects the disintegration and absorption in the stomach, such as Acanthopanax senticosus tablets, Yinqiao Jiedu tablets, compound Caoshanhu buccal tablets and so on.

The capsule has smooth appearance, can cover up the bad smell of medicine, and is convenient to take. The dosage form has good water solubility, and the drug can be quickly dispersed and released in the stomach, and it takes effect quickly, such as quick-acting cold capsule and Shidishui soft capsule.

Granule refers to a dry granular dosage form made of medicinal material extract and appropriate auxiliary materials or fine powder of medicinal materials, which can be taken with boiled water, which is more convenient, such as Jingfukang Granule, Su Wei Granule and Shuanghuanglian Granule.

(3) dosage form selection: it is best to suit yourself.

Because people's physique is virtual and real, their illness is acute and slow, their age is big or small, and the seasons are cold and hot, so the dosage forms of traditional Chinese medicine are different. Choosing a dosage form should be considered comprehensively, and it is the big principle to suit yourself.

If people suffering from new diseases, acute diseases or serious diseases can choose decoction, this is because drugs are evenly dispersed in liquid in molecular or ionic state, which is more convenient for absorption. Injection can be used for emergency rescue. Injection enters the human body through muscles and veins, with quick absorption and rapid action. Pills are suitable for chronic diseases and aftercare. Commonly used honey pills and water pills are absorbed slowly in gastrointestinal tract, with mild and lasting effects and convenient to carry and take. For chronic and persistent diseases, you can choose oral ointment, such as Sydney ointment. Rheumatalgia, traumatic injury, skin sores and other diseases can be treated with plaster for external use, or medicated wine for dredging channels and activating collaterals.

Granules and syrups are suitable for children. It can be dissolved in boiling water, absorbed quickly after taking it, and some are sweet.