Introducing Fujian

The origin of the name of the province Fujian is abbreviated as Min. The word "Min" first appeared in the Zhou Dynasty, Min and eight Min, are the abbreviation and alias of Fujian Province.

"Min" is the most primitive name. Min is a kind of barbarian, which is the general name of the seven tribes living in Fujian at that time. Eight Min as the nickname of Fujian, is through the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming gradually evolved.

The name "Fujian" originated in the Tang Dynasty. In 733, the Tang government strengthened its border defense forces by taking a word from each of Fuzhou and Jianzhou (now Jianou City) and setting up the "Fujian Province Strategy Envoy" (the title of the military governor), which coexisted with the Fuzhou Governor's Office. This was the first time in history that the name "Fujian" appeared.

This data is derived from Baidu Maps and the final results are based on Baidu Maps data.

Another recognized theory for the abbreviation of Fujian is that the ancient Min people worshipped the snake as a totem, and often worshipped the snake in their homes, and the character for "Min" is a sound, and the character for "worm" is pronounced as "huǐ" (viper), which means "snake". Snake was the totem of the ancient Min people. Therefore, when the name of the place was reported to the court, the character "Min" was created, i.e., "门": inside the house; "虫": snake; "闽": to offer the snake to the people. Min" means to keep snakes at home. In recent years, in the Xiamen area, the word "worm" has been translated as dragon, and there is also a large stone sculpture of the word "Min" in Bailuzhou Park on the island of Xiamen, in which the word "worm" is translated as "dragon".

Edit this section of the history and culture Fujian has a long history of human activity in primitive society, belonging to a branch of the ancient Yue ethnic group, known as the "East Yue". During the Warring States period, the Yue state was defeated by the Chu army; some of the Yue kings fled south to Fujian and southern Zhejiang, and their descendants merged with the Min people in Fujian, becoming the "Min-Yue people". After the unification of China by Emperor Qin Shi Huang in 221 B.C., the county of Minzhong was established in Fujian, and appeared on the map of China for the first time as an administrative unit.

In the middle of the Tang Dynasty, five states were established, namely Fu, Jian, Quan, Zhang and

Hakka Culture - Tulou Ting. Tang Kaiyuan twenty-one years (733 AD) to strengthen the border defense; set up "Fujian by the Secretary". Beginning of the word "Fujian". During the Five Dynasties period, the king of Fujian, Wang Shenzhi, established the state of Fujian, which basically laid down the boundaries of the province. Fujian and the "eight Min", the Southern Song Dynasty, Fu construction of l Fu 5 state 2 army, Fu, state, army for the same level of administrative institutions, *** counting 8, so it is called "eight Min". After the Song Dynasty, the basic inheritance of the old system. Qing Kangxi 23 years (AD 1684) added Taiwan Province, Guangxu 12 years (AD 1886) set up a separate province. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Fujian **** had 9 provinces and 2 states, 58 counties and 6 halls. After the 1911 Revolution, the Republic of China two years (AD 1913) abolished the government, state system, set up provinces, provinces, counties, three-tier system, after several adjustments, to the liberation of the end, the province set up 2 cities, 7 administrative inspectorates, * * * 67 counties. 1949 after the liberation of fujian, the province set up 2 cities, 8 prefectural areas, * * * * there are 67 counties. 1951, the addition of quanzhou, zhangzhou, 2 cities, entrusted to the leadership of the special administrative department. Since then, over the past 20 years, the administrative division has been adjusted several times. Since the revolution and opening up, Fujian has adjusted its administrative division according to its own characteristics, and the area has been changed to prefecture-level city, forming a city with county system. By the end of 2000, the province set up 9 provincial municipalities, *** there are 14 county-level cities, 25 municipal districts, 46 counties (including Kinmen County).

Fujian has a long history, science and culture were once flourishing. 5000 years ago, the ancestors lived and prospered here, creating a culture comparable to the Yangshao culture, Hemudu culture of the Tanshishan culture. During the Three Kingdoms period, Fujian became a naval base for Sun Wu and a port for foreign trade because of its advanced shipbuilding and navigation technology. During the Southern Song and Yuan Dynasties, Quanzhou became one of the largest commercial ports in the world and had commercial relations with more than 100 countries and regions, forming the famous "Maritime Silk Road". During the Ming Dynasty, Zheng He made seven trips to the West China Sea and stayed in Fujian many times, recruiting sailors, repairing ships and sailing from Fujian. During the five years of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty, the Fuzhou Shipping Bureau and China's first naval school were founded in Mawei, which became the cradle of China's modern navy and shipbuilding industry. The history of Fujian is full of talents, and a number of outstanding figures with influence in Chinese history have emerged, such as the astronomer Su Song, the originator of the world's forensic medicine Song Ci, the thinker and writer Li Zhi, the phonetician Chen Di, the scholars and calligraphers Cai Xiang and Huang Daozhou, the literati Yan Yu, Yang Yi, and Liu Yong, the historians Zheng Qiao and Yuan Shuju, the national heroes Zheng Cheng Chenggong, Lin Zexu and Yu Dayou, and the thinkers and interpreters Yan Fu and Lin Shu, who have been recognized for their boldness and dedication to the cause of Chinese culture. their courage and dedication, they have made indelible contributions to the development and prosperity of the Chinese nation. Historically, the people of Fujian have fought countless heroic struggles against oppression and invasion, and have a glorious revolutionary tradition. Under the leadership of the Chinese ****anufacturing Party, the people of Fujian have contributed thousands of outstanding sons and daughters and made remarkable contributions to the cause of liberation of the Chinese people. Fujian is one of the country's key provinces in the old areas, the distribution of old areas throughout the 62 counties (cities); of which there are 46 old counties (cities), 518 old townships (towns), 7,772 old administrative villages, 2,919 base villages in the old revolutionary areas.

In the late Warring States period, Wuju claimed the throne in Fujian. Later, in the 33rd year of Qin Shihuang (214 years ago), Qin Shihuang removed Wuju's royal title, demoted him to be the head of the government, and set up Minzhong County in the hometown of Minyue, but did not appoint any official, and it was still under Wuju's jurisdiction. After Liu Bang raised an army, Wuju led his troops to follow him. In the fifth year of Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty (202 BC), the state of Min Yue was re-established and Wuju was appointed as the king of Min Yue. During the reign of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, Yu Shan, the king of Min Yue, rebelled against the Han Dynasty and was crushed by the Han army, resulting in the demise of the Min Yue State. The Han court set up the Eastern Waiting Officer and sent troops to guard the area, which was subordinate to the Eastern Lieutenant of Huiji County. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was changed to the southern part of the province, and the chief of the waiting officials was set up. During the Three Kingdoms period, Fujian was under the state of Wu, and successively belonged to the county of Huiji and the county of Jian'an, where the county of Huiguan was set up.

During the Jin Dynasty, Fujian first belonged to Yangzhou, and then to Jiangzhou, where Jian'an County and Jin'an County were set up under the jurisdiction of a governor. During the Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties, Jinping County was added and a governor was appointed; during the Qi Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties, Jinping County was withdrawn; during the Chen Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties, the assassins of Minzhou were set up, but they were soon abolished, and Fujian came under the jurisdiction of the assassins of East Yangzhou and Fengzhou. Later, Jian'an County and Jin'an County were still established under the jurisdiction of the governor.

During the Sui Dynasty, Jin'an County was abolished and replaced by Quanzhou, which was later changed to Minzhou under the jurisdiction of an assassin. Later, it was changed to Jian'an County under the jurisdiction of the governor.

In the early Tang Dynasty, Fujian was still governed by the prefects of various states and counties. Since Fujian was a remote area, a central governor's office was set up and a governor was appointed to supervise the area. In the middle of the Tang Dynasty, the Fujian Province was established, and the military governors of the province were: the Secretary of Fujian Province, the Secretary of Fujian Province, the Secretary of Fujian Province, the Secretary of Fujian Province, and the Secretary of Fujian Province, the Secretary of Fujian Province. In fact, the Fujian Observation Minister became the administrator in charge of the military, civil affairs, finance and justice of Fujian Province. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, when the clans and towns were divided up, the power of the festival ministers was expanded, and they became the actual military and political governors. After Wang Chao occupied Fujian, the Tang court elevated Fujian Road to the Weiwu Army and appointed Wang Chao as the Weiwu Army Sectional Minister. During the Fifth Dynasty, the province was still under the jurisdiction of the provincial governor; during the Later Tang Dynasty, Wang Yanhan established the state of Min.

At the beginning of the Song Dynasty, the military governor of Fujian was still the Sectional Minister. During the reign of Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty, the Fujian Road was set up, and the highest military governor was the Fujian Pacification Envoy. In addition, there was the Fujian Transportation Envoy, who was in charge of finances and taxes; the Fujian Tipi, who was in charge of justice; and the Fujian Tiju, who was in charge of famine relief. In addition, the central government officials assigned to Fujian and its affiliated states and armies are the Festival Minister, Cheng Xuan Envoy, Observation Envoy, Control Envoy, Xuanfu Envoy, Governor, Recruitment Envoy, Fudu Oracle Envoy, Shipping Envoy and so on, most of them are temporary officials, or officials without the title of the title of the virtual officials. In the Song Dynasty, the military and government were separated, and the military governors of Fujian included the governor, insomniac, and commander, etc. In the Yuan Dynasty, the military governor of Fujian was the chief of Fujian.

During the Yuan Dynasty, the administrative division of Fujian changed frequently. To Yuan 15 years (1278), set up the Fujian Xingzhongshu Province; the next year, changed to Xuanwu Envoy Division; to Yuan 20 years (1283), re-established the Xingzhongshu Province; to Yuan 24 years (1287), changed to the Xingshangshu Province; to Yuan 28 years (1291), changed to the Xuanwu Envoy Division, merged with the Jiangxi Xingzhongshu Province. To Yuan twenty-ninth year (1292), reset the Fujian Xingzhongshu Province. In the first year of Dade (1297), it was changed to Fujian Pinghai Xingzhongshu Province, and its seat was moved from Fuzhou to Quanzhou. In the third year of Dade (1299), it was changed to Xuanwuzhi (宣慰使司), and its seat was moved back to Fuzhou. In the sixteenth year of the reign of Emperor Zhengzheng (1356), the Fujian Province was reset. The governors of Fujian Province were the Minister of Justice, the Right Minister, the Left Minister, the Counselor of Government, and the Minister of Justice; and when it was reorganized as the Xuanwuzhi (宣慰使司), the highest governor was the Xuanwuzhi (宣慰使使). There was also the Minister of Suzheng and Lianxiang, who was in charge of supervision. The highest military officer is the marshal.

In the early Ming Dynasty, Fujian remained a province. In the ninth year of the Hongwu era (1376), the government of Fujian constructed a Buzhengweiwei (government minister) department and appointed the Buzhengwei (government minister) as the highest administrator of the province. The main officials of the Buzhengzhi Division are: the left and right Buzhengzhi, the left and right Senzheng. Also set up the Department of criminal investigation, set up by the province in charge of the criminal prison. Military Department of the Commanding General, the main officials are: Commanding General, Commanding General, Commanding General Commander. Parallel to this, there is also a town guard and town guard general military officer. In order to strengthen the supervision of the local authorities, the central government of the Ming Dynasty often sent officials to the local offices and inspections and supervision. The main officials sent by the central government are: the governor, the town guard eunuch, the governor, the brush roll inspection of the imperial history, clean up the military and political inspection of the imperial history, the governor of the silver course of the imperial history and so on.

In the early Qing Dynasty, Fujian's highest military and political officials for the town guard and governor. After the "three feuds", the abolition of the town of Geng Jingzhong, and later not set up. Fujian and zhejiang for a large area, set up the governor of minzhejiang and zhejiang to control the military and government of the two provinces. Governor for the province's highest military governor, set up under the Buzhengzhi, specifically responsible for administrative affairs. Buzhengzhi rank and the governor of the same, for from the second grade, but the authority is limited to the control of civil affairs and finance. There is also a minister of justice in charge of the province. Because of the flag soldiers stationed in fujian, the qing dynasty set up in fujian province minister (fujian general) in charge of, for from the first grade, and the governor of the same grade, but the authority is far less than the governor. Han soldiers for the Green Battalion, the province's highest military officer for the Governor. Fujian Province, first set up Governor, and then set up land Governor and water Governor, in charge of the land and water divisions. Guangxu thirty years (1904) withdrew the water division governor, set up a governor in charge of the whole army.

Edit this section of the introduction of the eight Fujian Fujian is located in the East China Sea, belonging to China's East China or China

South China. Fujian is China's famous hometown of overseas Chinese, residing in the world of Fujian Chinese overseas Chinese 10.88 million people. Among them, the Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia have the largest number of overseas Chinese of Fujian nationality. Fujian and Taiwan have a long history and the closest relationship, 80% of Taiwan compatriots are from Fujian. Fujian is located in the transportation hub of the East China Sea and the South China Sea, and is one of the closest provinces in China to Southeast Asia, West Asia, East Africa and Oceania.

Fujian was established in the first year of the Tang Dynasty, with the jurisdiction of five prefectures, namely Fu, Jian, Quan, Zhang and Ting. Fujian was named after the first two of the five prefectures. Ming set up Fujian Province. Tang Kaiyuan 21 years (733 years) set up "Fujian Province Secretary", began to call "Fujian". In the Southern Song Dynasty, there were 1 province, 5 states and 2 armies, so it was also called "Eight Min".

On the origin of the eight Min, there are two ways of saying, one is: Fujian ancient Min land, the Northern Song Dynasty began to be divided into eight states, the army, the Southern Song Dynasty was divided into eight provinces, states, the army, the Yuan divided into eight roads, due to the name of the eight Min; the other is the "Dictionary" of the statement: Fujian Province in the Yuan Dynasty divided into Fuzhou, Xinghua, Jianning, Yanping, Tingzhou, Shaowu, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, eight roads, the Ming Dynasty was changed to the eight provinces, so the name of the eight Min. Jian, Yan, Shao, Ting, for the upper four provinces; Fu, Xing, Zhang, Quan, for the lower four provinces. **** eight provinces, known as "eight Min".

Historically, Fujian is the "Maritime Silk Road", "Zheng He went to the West", Islam and other important cultural origins and trade distribution center, Fuzhou, Xiamen was opened as one of the country's five ports of commerce. Quanzhou was the largest port in the world in ancient times, and it was also the starting point of the Maritime Silk Road. The port of Mawei at the mouth of the Minjiang River was the pioneer of China's modern shipbuilding industry and the cradle of training scientific and technological talents.

China's earliest class kiln for firing porcelain - the class kiln developed on the basis of the compartmentalized dragon kiln in Dehua County, Quanzhou City, Fujian Province.

Fujian province *** set up nine prefecture-level cities: Quanzhou, Sanming, Nanping, Longyan, Zhangzhou, Ningde, Putian, Fuzhou (the provincial capital city). In addition, the sub-provincial city - Xiamen

Fuzhou City: jurisdiction over five municipal districts, six counties, in charge of two county-level cities. The municipal people's government is located in Gulou District. License plate: Min A

Gulou District (Dongjie Street) Taijiang District (Houzhou Street) Kuanshan District (Jinshan Street) Mawei District (Luoxing Street)

Jin'an District (Yuefeng Township) Fuqing City (Yuping Street) Changle City (Wuhang Street) Minhou County (sugarcane street)

Lianjiang County (Fengcheng Street) Luoyuan County (Fenshan Street) Fujian Qing County (Meicheng Township) Yongtai County (Zhan Township) )

Pingtan County (Tan Township)

Xiamen City 6 municipal districts under the jurisdiction of Xiamen. The Municipal People's Government is located in Siming District. License plate: Min D

Siming District (Xiagang Street) Haicang District (Haicang Street) Huli District (Heshang Street) Jimei District (Jimei Street)

Tong'an District (Xiangping Street) Xiang'an District (Xindian Town)

Quanzhou City has 4 municipal districts, 5 counties, and 3 county-level cities under its administration. The municipal people's government is located in Fengze District. License plate: Min C

Li Cheng District (Jiangnan Street) Fengze District (Fengze Street) Luo Jiang District (Wan'an Street) Quan Gang District (Hillside Street)

Shi Shi City (Hubin Street) Jinjiang City (Luoshan Street) Nan'an City (Ximei Street) Hui'an County (Luocheng Township)

Anxi County (Fengcheng Township) Yongchun County (Taocheng Township) Dehua County (Jhunzhong Township) Jinguen County (Jincheng Township)< /p>

Taiwan Investment Zone (Dongyuan, Zhangzaka, Baizaki, Luoyang)

Putian City, under the jurisdiction of four municipal districts, one county. The Municipal People's Government is located in Chenggang District. License plate: Min B

Chengwang District (Xialin Street) 涵江区(涵东街道) 荔城区(镇海街道) 秀屿区(笏石镇)

仙游县(鲤城街道)

三明市(Sanming Municipality) has 2 municipal districts and 9 counties, and administers 1 county-level city. The municipal people's government is located in Meilei District. License plate: Min G

Meilei District (Lixi Street) Sanyuan District (Chengguan Street) Yongan City (Yanxi Street) Mingxi County (Xuefeng Town)

Qingliu County (Longjin Town) Ninghua County (Cuijiang Town) Daitian County (Junxi Town) Youxi County (Chengguan Town)

Shaxian County (Fenggang Street) Juele County (Guyong Town) Taining County (Sugi Town) Jianning County (Suichen Town)

p>Zhangzhou City 2 municipal districts, 8 counties, in charge of a county-level city. The municipal people's government is located in Xiangcheng District. License plate: Min E

Xiangcheng District (Dongpu Tou Street) Longwen District (Buwen Township) Longhai City (Shiyi Street) Yunxiao County (Yunling Township)

Zhangpu County (Sui'an Township) Zhao'an County (Nanzhao Township) Changtai County (Wu'an Township) Dongshan County (Xipu Township)

Nanjing County (Shancheng Township) Pinghe County (Xiaoxi Township) Hua'an County (Huafeng Township)

Nanping Municipality under the jurisdiction of 1 Municipal districts, 5 counties, and is in charge of 4 county-level cities. The municipal people's government is located in Yanping District. License plate: Min H

Yanping District (Ziyun Street) Shaowu City (Zhaoyang Street) Wuyishan City (Chong'an Street) Jian'ou City (Ou'ning Street)

Jianyang City (Tancheng Street) Shunchang County (Shuangxi Street) Pucheng County (Nampu Street) Glossy County (Hangchuan Town)

Songxi County (Songyuan Street) Zhenghe County (Xiongshan Street)

Longyan City, under the jurisdiction of 1 Municipal districts, 5 counties, in charge of 1 county-level city. The municipal people's government is located in Xinluo District. License plate: Min F

Xinluo District (Dongcheng Street) Zhangping City (Jingcheng Street) Changting County (Tingzhou Town) Yongding County (Fengcheng Town)

Shanghanghang County (Linjiang Town) Wuping County (Pingchuan Town) Liancheng County (Lianfeng Town)

Ningde City, under the jurisdiction of 1 municipal district, 6 counties, and in charge of 2 county-level cities. The municipal people's government is located in Jiaocheng District. License plate: Min J

Jiaocheng District (Jiaobei Street) Fuan City (Chengbei Street) Fuding City (Tongshan Street) Xiapu County (Songcheng Street)

Gutian County (Chengdong Street) Pingnan County (Gufeng Township) Shouning County (Aoyang Township) Zhouning County (Shicheng Township)

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