Urgent for an answer! What are the main manifestations of China Quyi? Briefly describe its main artistic features

say

Speak clearly and vividly. Northern Quyi actors once said: "storytelling is full of energy, singing a love, every sentence is alarming, and the listener will automatically tolerate it." It is said that to "alert people", it is necessary to be clear, vivid and fascinating from beginning to end in introducing places, describing the environment, explaining the ins and outs of stories, portraying characters, imitating their dialogues, analyzing their psychological activities and making comments.

Of course, the basis is that the words in the book should meet the above requirements. Comrade Zhao Shuli's ballad "Registration" has this feature. It begins with: ... if this story was written 30 years ago, there is no need to explain the thing "arahant money"; It's a pity that the story I'm going to tell is a new story. More than half of my friends who listen to books are young people, so ... you have to explain the thing "arhat money" first.

sing

Good singing. Quyi often sings long narrative poems or lyric poems, requiring actors to sing loudly in combination with the story and the thoughts and feelings of the characters. In a lyric, there should be one or two core aria, and beautiful vocals should be designed to infect the audience. There are six carols at the end of Autumn Shao Yun on Xihe Drum: the stars in the sky are always shining, and the clear spring on the ground is always clear. Rivers and streams never flow, and pines and cypresses in the mountains are evergreen. Our hero Qiu, you will live in the hearts of the people forever.

When Ma Zengfen, a famous actor, designed music, the first four sentences ended with a deep, euphemistic, passionate and powerful melody "Double Height", and finally ended with a melodious melody "Fishing for the Moon at Sea", which fully expressed his reverence and nostalgia for the hero. It sounds lingering and memorable.

action

Play, pay attention to the expression. Quyi is a kind of short-bladed Qingqi. One or two actors often sing for thousands of people in factories, fields, construction sites and outposts. During the performance, actors are required to express their thoughts and feelings by changing their tones, emotions and facial expressions, while the use of body movements and props (such as waking wood, folding fans, handkerchiefs, etc.). ) is auxiliary.

Before the performance, the position of the characters should be designed, the eyes should have a purpose, and the facial expression should be explained to the audience mainly by the change of eyes. This is called "hard eyes, unfamiliar faces." Sometimes, the combination of language and performance brings words together. Quyi performance pays attention to spirit likeness, and imitation action should not be too much.

criticize

Comment, have a clear view. In Song Dynasty, Ye Luo had two words: "You can only know the depth of the world with a three-inch golden tongue." It is said that in the middle of singing, actors should have a clear point of view when commenting and introducing things in the book, praise the main positive characters in the book, and criticize and belittle some negative characters. There are three common techniques: prose, rhyme and lyrics. Comments on prose, such as the storytelling "Little Technicians Fight for Immortal Hands": Ladies and gentlemen, it is absurd to say that this book is not better than The Three Kingdoms and The Water Margin. Although those books are very lively, they are too far away from today, and there are not many lessons to learn from them, nor are they as full of toxins as Wild River Girl and History of the Deep Palace. The ideological struggle of this new word is tit for tat, and the story is tortuous and complicated. It is not only interesting, but also exciting. Listen carefully and make sure you benefit a lot.

Bai Yun's comments, such as the ballad "Yi Hai Qun Ying", are about 30 years old, with heavy eyebrows, big eyes and thin mouth. The edge of a semi-old hat is broken, the button of clothes is half off, a single mattress is swaying in the wind, and cloth shoes are barefoot. Because I am afraid of the cold, I sit at an empty table, but I dare not drink tea. Really, the buskers in the Jianghu are running around and suffering! Lyrics comments, such as Allegro "De": Mr. Jin Lao, wearing the sunset glow is even more magnificent. Heroic deeds are celebrated and the mountains stand tall. Comments, sometimes narrative comments, are called "people praise" in traditional bibliography. It uses a few strokes to shape the appearance and appearance of the characters, leaving a deep impression on people.

laugh out loud (LOL)

Hey, be interesting and meaningful. Quyi should be interesting and entertaining. Cross talk is funny, and other kinds of music besides cross talk also need appropriate "gimmicks" and "baggage" to make the audience feel relaxed and happy. "sensuality" is vivid, closely combined with the content of the story, and has a aftertaste after listening. "External flower arrangement" is a gag of active atmosphere, and crosstalk performers call it "seasoning package", which is indispensable and should not be too much. And the kind of performance that laughs for fun and blindly plays will have the opposite effect. What should be advocated is a "gimmick" with noble taste and endurance. For example, stand-up comedy "Chasing Cars" refers to the inflation before liberation. When my uncle spent a lot of money on a broken car, he wrote very funny: "... he had to tighten his belt to buy a bike." How much did you spend on the gold certificate? Let's put it this way: two and a half pounds! I bought an old car in a consignment shop. This car rings everywhere except when it doesn't ring ... "With two and a half pounds of money, it is conceivable that the gold certificate will depreciate and will soon become waste paper. If the bell doesn't ring, it will ring elsewhere. You can imagine how serious the car is. This should be said.

study

Learn to draw sounds and shapes. Actors often imitate dialects and dialects to imitate different characters according to the needs of narrative stories and characterization. Imitate street hawking and opera singing to describe the specific environment; Sometimes, we also use cock crow, dog bark, horse neigh, horn sound, gunfire, train sound, plane sound and other vocal skills to make the audience feel realistic from the sound image. This technology is simple and powerful. Zhang Cixi pointed out in "Overpass in the People's Capital": "Whenever the ancients confronted each other, and the problem of pronunciation, it is especially necessary to use the mouth instead. ..... learning style, it is necessary to say: whoops, the wind is blowing hard. When it rains, you must say: it rains like a splash. When you shoot, you must say: three shots, light, light. When learning thunder, you must say: Gollum, thunder shakes mountains and rivers. ..... I am afraid of catching up with the snow, and I can't do it with my mouth open. " When talking about the "learning" of performing cross talk, I often said "learn something that flies in the sky, runs underground, grows crops in the river and jumps in the grass". This shows that there were traces of performing ventriloquism in the cross talk at that time. There are few people performing now. The six artistic skills of speaking, singing, acting, commenting, listening and learning are extracted from most kinds of music. Some kinds of music, such as Tanci, also emphasize that actors should master musical instruments (pipa and sanxian) when performing, so it adds another "Tanci" to artistic techniques. This is just a small difference in the same.

Although many kinds of songs have their own development process, they all have distinct folk and mass characteristics and have the same artistic characteristics. Its performance is as follows:

(1) takes "rap" as the main artistic expression means. Talking about cross talk, storytelling, storytelling and the like; Singing drums such as Jingyun Drum, Danxian Paizi Song, Yangzhou Qingqu, Northeast Drum, Wenzhou Drum, Jiaodong Drum, Hubei Drum, etc. I like rap (also known as rhyming style), such as Shandong Kuaishu, Allegro, Gong and Drum Book, Pingxiang Spring Gong, Sichuan Qianban, etc. Qin Shu, Xuzhou, Qin Shu, Enshi Yangqin, Wuxiang, Qin Shu, Anhui, Qin Shu, Guizhou, Qin Shu, Yunnan Yangqin and other rap (accompanied by music) can talk, sing and dance, such as duet, ten long lotus drops, Ningbo walking books, Fengyang flower drums, car lights, still flower drums and so on. It is precisely because Quyi mainly narrates and expresses emotion by speaking, singing, or singing, or speaking and singing, so its language must be suitable for speaking or singing, lively, refined and easy to catchy.

(2) Quyi is not performed by an actor dressed as a fixed role like a drama, but by an actor who does not dress as a role, telling the audience various roles and stories through rap in the way of "one person can imitate multiple roles". Therefore, Quyi performance is simpler and easier than drama. As long as there are one or two people, one or two accompaniment instruments, or one person with a wake-up call, a fan (for storytellers), a pair of bamboo boards (for allegro artists), or even nothing (such as crosstalk artists), it is more direct to communicate with the audience wherever they go and rap.

(3) The simplicity of Quyi performance enables it to quickly reflect life. Most of the tracks and bibliographies are short and pithy, and Quyi actors can generally write, direct and perform themselves. Compared with drama actors, Quyi actors have more obvious directing functions. For example, a track, a bibliography, or a comic dialogue, in the process of performance, the story structure, scene arrangement, scene change, atmosphere rendering, appearance and appearance of characters, psychological description of characters, language arrangement, tone mastery, rhythm speed and so on. , are arranged, arranged and directed by Quyi actors according to the needs of narration or lyricism and the judgment of the best reception effect for the audience.

(4) Quyi takes speaking and singing as the main artistic expression means, so it is an art that appeals to people's hearing. In other words, Quyi is to stimulate the audience's hearing through speaking and singing, to drive the audience's thinking in images, and to complete artistic creation with the actors in the image formed by the audience's thinking in images. Quyi performance can be performed on the stage or anywhere, so the thinking of Quyi audience is not limited by the stage framework compared with that of drama audience, and Quyi is more free than drama in time and space. In order to standardize the audience's imaginative thinking into the artistic world created by talking and singing, Quyi actors are more urgent and meticulous in listening to the audience's reactions, so their relationship with the audience is closer than that of drama actors.

(5) In order to make the audience enjoy the artistic beauty of listening to their voices, observing their people and being there, Quyi actors must have a solid foundation in speaking, singing and doing, and must have superb imitation. Quyi actors should have lively and moving skills, describe the joys and sorrows of the characters vividly and describe the events fascinating, so as to win the appreciation of the audience. The above solid foundation comes from Quyi actors' observation, experience and accumulation of real life, as well as analysis, research and understanding of historical life. This is especially important for a quyi actor.