How is iron ore made into iron?

Iron and steel comes from the original iron ore, and after continuous sintering, smelting, rolling, heat treatment and mechanical processing, the finished product is finally obtained. Let's look at the production process of steel:

I steel production process-steelmaking

1 coking production process

Coking production process: Coking operation is a process of mixing and crushing coking coal, adding it into a coking furnace, and then dry distilling to produce hot coke and crude coke oven gas.

2 sintering production process

Sintering production process: Sintering operation is to mix and granulate fine iron ore, various fluxes and fine coke, add them into the sintering machine through the distribution system, ignite the fine coke by the ignition furnace, and discharge the fine coke from the exhaust windmill to complete the sintering reaction. After being crushed, cooled and screened, the high-temperature sinter is sent to the blast furnace as the main raw material for smelting molten iron.

3 Blast furnace production process

Blast furnace production process: Blast furnace operation is an ironmaking process in which iron ore, coke and flux are added into the furnace from the top of the blast furnace, and then high-temperature hot air is blown into the furnace from the blower nozzle at the lower part of the furnace to generate reducing gas, reduce iron ore and generate molten iron and slag.

4 converter production process

Converter production process: the steel mill first sends the melting and grinding to the pretreatment station for desulfurization and dephosphorization, and then sends it to the secondary refining treatment station (RH vacuum degassing treatment station and ladle) according to the characteristics and quality requirements of the steel grade ordered after converter blowing.

Blowing tank blowing treatment station, VOD vacuum oxygen blowing decarbonization treatment station, STN mixing station, etc. ), adjust the composition of molten steel, and finally send it to the big billet and flat billet continuous caster to be cast into red-hot billet semi-finished products, and remove surface defects after inspection, grinding or incineration, or directly send it downstream to be rolled into bars, wires, steel plates, coils, sheets and other finished products.

Second, the steel production process-steel rolling

1 continuous casting production process

Continuous casting production process: continuous casting operation is the process of transforming molten steel into billet. The molten steel after upstream treatment is transported to the turntable in the ladle, divided into several strands by the molten steel distributor, and injected into the crystallizer with specific shapes respectively, and then cooled and solidified to form a cast billet solidified outside the shell and containing molten steel, and then the cast billet is drawn into an arc-shaped runner and continues to solidify until it is completely solidified after secondary cooling. After straightening, it is cut into pieces according to the order length. The square is a big billet and the shape is a flat billet. This semi-finished product is subjected to billet surface treatment as required, and then sent to a rolling mill for rolling.

2 billet production process

Production technology of small billet: after heating, derusting, burning, rough rolling, finishing rolling and shearing, the large billet is produced into a small billet with a cross section of118 mm *1/8 mm, and 60% of the small billet is inspected and polished to remove surface defects.

3 hot rolled steel production process

Hot rolling means that materials need to be heated during or before rolling. Generally, it should be heated to above recrystallization temperature before rolling. Features of hot-rolled products: Hot-rolled products have excellent properties such as high strength, good toughness, easy processing and molding, and good weldability, so they are widely used in shipbuilding, automobiles, bridges, construction, machinery, pressure vessels and other manufacturing industries.

Third, the steel production process-excellent talents

Production technology of 1 wire rod

Wire rod production process: The production operation of wire rod workshop is that the billet is heated by heating furnace, rolled by roughing mill, intermediate mill, finishing mill and reducing forming machine, coiled by coiler, conveyed by cooling conveyor belt and sent to finishing area for finishing. Some need to be reprocessed, and then pickled, coated, drawn and annealed.

Four, steel production process-plate

Production technology of 1 steel plate

Production technology of steel plate: The flat billet is used as raw material, heated to 1200℃ by heating furnace, and then rolled, cooled, leveled and cut into finished products.