Why the concerto "Liang Zhu" will become a classic

"Liang Zhu" is a folk tale that has been passed down in China for thousands of years and is known to women and children, and has been adapted into a variety of operas staged all over the world. 1959, when Chen Gang and He Zhanhao were still students at the Shanghai Conservatory of Music, they wrote a violin concerto based on the main plot of Yueju Opera's "Liang Zhu" and the beautiful singing, combining Chinese melodies and some special techniques of opera music with Western styles. They combined Chinese melodies and some special techniques of opera music with Western styles to compose a violin concerto. The violin performance also absorbed some of the playing techniques of the erhu and pipa, which was colorful and charming. In that year's "Shanghai Spring" Music and Dance Concert after the first performance that is a sensation in China and abroad, the record created by the record distribution of China's highest record. Only a few years, "Liang Zhu" in the world are very popular, not only is considered to be "Chinese orchestral music", more known as "butterfly love concerto".

A concerto is a large-scale piece of music with a high degree of technicality played by a solo instrument in collaboration with an orchestra. There are generally three movements: the first movement is fast, sonata style; the second movement is slow, trio style; and the third movement is fast, iambic pentameter style. Liang Zhu is a one-movement concerto, written in sonata form. The main structure is as follows:

Presentation Expansion Reproduction

Introduction Main Part Continuous Subpart Conclusion (Subpart Omitted)

(Three-Part Form) Connection (Rondo Form) Finale

Part A+B+A Part A+B+A+C+A Part

Jiang Ai Cao Main Self-Engineered Three *** Ten Long Forced Buildings Weeping and Crying

Southern Love Bridge Title by the Terrace Containing Readings Baji Ting Wedding Terrace Spirit Butterfly

Spring main knot again Hua 遐 同 *** 相 惜 抗相投 双

色 题 拜現 彩想窗 嬉 送別 婚會 坟飛

第一部分相爱(呈示部)

1(1)空旷悠远的几声弹拨, seems to be the beginning of the "storytelling": "Once upon a time, a long, long time ago ......" and then, on the background of the gentle string vibraphone comes the beautiful flute and oboe and the orchestra intertwined with the beautiful melody, presenting a windy and sunny, the birds and flowers of the Jiangnan spring:

(2) in the harp's Under the light accompaniment of the harp, the solo violin plays a pure, beautiful love theme: this elegant and soft melody reminds people of the beautiful image of Zhu Yingtai;

3) The thick and dashing male style melody of the human violin and the violin ask a question and answer, comparing the scene of Liang and Zhu meeting at the Caoqiao Pavilion on the way to Hangzhou and becoming sworn brothers; and then the orchestra plays Then, the orchestra plays the theme of "love", which seems to praise them in unison;

(4) After a free florid piece of music on the violin, the music enters into the lively Allegro, which is a rondo played by the violin and the orchestra alternately, depicting the pure friendship of the two people who were in the same classroom for three years, and who ***read*** and played together:

(5) The slow, regretful theme of changing love foreshadows the change of the love theme of Liang and Zhu, which is the most important part of their relationship. The changing love theme foreshadows the change of the plot, the dialogue between violin and cello, telling the "long pavilion farewell" of the reluctance to part with the love:

Part II Resistance to Marriage (Expanded)

(6) the somber bass and continuous sound of the sound of gongs playing ominous signs, brass blowing out the ferocious feudal forces:

The theme:

Part II Resistance to Marriage (Expanded)

The theme of the "Long Pavilion" is the most important part of the piece.

(7) The solo violin plays in the stanza the excited mood of Zhu Yingtai's fear and grief when she learns that her father has betrothed her to the son of a powerful family. Then, with strong syncopated chords played her indignation and protest;

(8) the tone of resistance to marriage alternates with the theme of the feudal forces, showing the dramatic development of the story, in the gradually intensifying contradictions to form a fierce climax of the struggle against marriage;

(9) slow movement. Once again heard the violin and cello answer, painful, sad, depicting the Liang Zhu reunion "platform meeting" when the pain of the moving scene:

(10) the music took a sharp turn to flash plate, fast plate to show the death of Liang Shanbo grief and indignation, Zhu Yingtai weeping graves when the pain of the accusation. The music draws on the special performance techniques of the inverted plate in Beijing opera and the clamor plate in Yueju opera, gradually forming the second development climax:

(11) The gongs and drums and the strings sound in unison, and in the music of the earth shaking the mountains, the grave cracks open, and Zhu Yingtai resolutely throws herself into the grave, and the whole song reaches the highest climax.

Part Three: The Transformation of the Butterfly (Repertoire)

(12) The flute and the harp play a light and ethereal fairyland-like music;

(13) The violin reproduces the theme of love with a muted voice, which seems to be regretful, contemplative and sympathetic;

(14) The orchestra plays in unison, which is not only a paean to love, but also people's good hope and **** with wishes;

(15) The ending of the violin and the flute is a beautiful and beautiful song, and the whole song is at its climax. The ending of the violin and flute, as if accompanied by the figures of the two pairs of colorful butterflies flying high and far away, the legend and song of thousands of years, still lingering, lingering:

"A thousand years and ten thousand years will not be separated,

Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai."