Classification and basic knowledge of supermarket industry?

Traditional food supermarket

It started from traditional food and took the first step to realize the demand of consumers to buy enough goods at one time. The business area of traditional food is generally 300 ~ 500 square meters, and the types of goods are generally food and daily necessities. Among them, food accounts for about 70% of all commodities, but the fresh ingredients in food are less than 30%.

Its function concentrates the single function of traditional shops such as food store, grocery store, small department store, grain store, north and south goods store, and makes it comprehensive. The main target customers of traditional food are housewives, who are substitutes for traditional small shops and the original model. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, China first developed about 500m2 of traditional food.

Because traditional food is only a substitute for traditional small shops, its comprehensive degree of commodity management is not high. The biggest defect is that it can't really meet the demand of one-time purchase, which is reflected in the inability to comprehensively manage fresh food. When new business models such as standard food and large-scale synthesis enter the market one after another, traditional food faces enormous competitive pressure and is at a disadvantage.

Standard food is also called fresh food, and its business area is generally around 1000 square meters. Different from traditional food, it mainly deals in fresh food, and more than 50% ~ 70% of its business area is used to sell fresh food.

It can be said that standard food actually strengthens the operation of fresh food on the basis of traditional food. Therefore, it is a relatively complete modern substitute for traditional shops in content and form, creating a preliminary and relatively complete condition for ensuring consumers to buy enough basic daily necessities at one time.

Large comprehensive supermarket

Generalmerchandisestore (GMS) is a combination of standard food and discount stores, with complete clothing, food and supplies, which can fully meet the basic needs of consumers.

Its business area can be divided into two categories: large-scale comprehensive business area is 2500 ~ 6000 square meters; The super-large comprehensive business area is over 6000- 10000 square meters. For super-large-scale integration, it is also necessary to equip a parking lot suitable for the business area, and the general ratio is 1: 1. Two basic characteristics of large-scale synthesis are:

First, the popularization and integration of business content have adapted to the change of consumers' purchase mode-one-time purchase;

Second, the flexibility of business mode and the combination of business contents. It can freely choose the size of stores, combine different business contents and implement different business forms according to the size of business area and the characteristics of consumer demand. Low cost, low gross profit and large flow are the characteristics of large-scale integrated management.

We don't deal in branded goods and precious goods, but generally deal in daily consumer goods. Gross profit is determined by the market, so the price will not be high. In this case, large-scale integration can only be operated at low cost if it wants to be profitable.

For example, the number of employees is less than that of department stores, and the service items cannot be more than that of department stores; No shopping guide; No door-to-door service, etc. For example, Carrefour has been promoting the concept of "great integration" in China, that is, "one-time purchase, ultra-low price, free parking, self-service and fresh quality". Its storefront area is about 10000m2, with 500 ~ 600 employees.

The average daily purchase times are 6.5438+0.5 million person-times, and 6.5438+0.8 million kinds of commodities are handled, realizing more and more local purchases. This brand-new business model has been successful in Beijing and Shanghai. 200 1, Beijing's single store sales exceeded 600 million yuan, 6 stores have been opened in Shanghai and 2 in Hefei, and will continue to open stores in the future.

Extended data

I. Current Situation and Development Trend of Retail Industry

At present, China's retail industry is undergoing earth-shaking changes under the impetus of foreign retail giants!

Since 1995, French Carrefour, American Wal-Mart, German Metro and other international retail giants have successively landed in China, arousing a thousand waves in the domestic retail industry.

At the same time, domestic retail giants such as Lianhua, Hualian, Agriculture, Industry and Commerce, which represent the development level of domestic retail industry, are also blooming everywhere. (There are 390 national hypermarkets, not counting local hypermarkets. At present, there are more than 55,000 CD supermarkets in China. )

Concept, classification and terminology of shopping malls and supermarkets

The classification of supermarkets is classified according to the operating modes and characteristics of various supermarkets:

1, department store shopping center: small and medium-sized department stores are supermarkets. In a large-scale building, according to the sales areas set up by different sales departments, their own procurement, management and operation are carried out, which mainly meets the customers' diversified choice of retail formats for fashion goods.

2. Supermarket: the modern "vegetable market" in the future. Refers to the retail format which mainly sells food, fresh food, non-staple food and daily necessities and mainly meets the daily needs of customers.

3. Hypermarkets: the main format of retail industry. Refers to the retail format that adopts the optional sales method and mainly sells popular and practical products to meet customers' one-time purchase needs.

4. Stores and membership stores: the main force of wholesale distribution. On the basis of operating goods in hypermarkets, select popular and practical goods for sale, implement the integration of storage and sales, and provide limited services and low-priced goods as the main features of retail formats (some of them take the form of membership and only serve members).

5. Convenience store: the most potential retail format. Refers to the retail format whose main purpose is to meet the convenience needs of customers.

6. Specialty store: a model of specialization. Mainly engaged in large categories of goods, and has a wealth of professional knowledge of sales staff and provide corresponding after-sales service retail format.

Baidu encyclopedia-supermarket