When and in which country or region did the folk sport of "kicking shuttlecock" first originate?

Kicking shuttlecock is also called "beating chicken". Originated in the Han Dynasty, it prevailed in the Southern and Northern Dynasties and the Sui and Tang Dynasties, and has a history of more than two thousand years. It is one of the traditional folk sports and entertainment projects in the border area of Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing and Guizhou, and is deeply loved by children, especially young women in this area.

The skill of kicking shuttlecock in Qing Dynasty was quite high, which was also loved by ancient women in China. Chen Weisong, a famous poet in the early Qing Dynasty, once praised women's shuttlecock kicking, saying that women's shuttlecock kicking is smarter than playing football and more interesting than playing chess.

At the beginning of the 20th century, after modern European and American sports were introduced to China, kicking shuttlecock was still a favorite sport for young people in China. Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Hebei, Hunan, Fujian, Shandong and other provinces and cities have held large-scale shuttlecock kicking competitions. 1935, kicking shuttlecock was listed as a national Wushu competition in the 6th National Games in old China. The champion of women's volleyball is Cheng from Zhejiang, the champion of men's volleyball is Zhou Keyang from Shanghai (with nearly 5,000 pairs), and the champion of women's volleyball is Dai Jinyao from Nanjing (with scores of 140 pairs). Cheng's total score is 1494 double kicks and 36 positive kicks.

Equipment-

In ancient times, it was usually made of feathers and metal coins. So far, there are many ways to make shuttlecock, and there are generally three ways to get rid of ancient times. First, use the metal sheet as the bottom, and cut the paper into paper badminton of various colors. Secondly, the cloth shuttlecock takes various colored stripes as tassels and big buttons as the bottom. Third, all kinds of plastic badminton.

Location-

Relatively simple, it can be done indoors and outdoors. The venue is not limited, as long as it is flat, mainly depending on the number and level of participants. For example, the border region of Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing and Guizhou is rich in tung oil and camellia oleifera, and people with high shuttlecock kicking level stand on dead cakes to compete or perform.

Basic movements-

The basic movements of kicking shuttlecock in the border areas of Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing and Guizhou are: turning, knocking and jumping.

Dish: kick with the inside of the foot, commonly known as "disc shuttlecock"

Turn around: kick back with the outside of the limb, commonly known as "turn around and turn your feet."

Knock: bounce the badminton with your knees.

Jump: Kick the shuttlecock with your toes, commonly known as "Ding-Ding cat hits the dart chicken".

Besides, there are many other kicking methods.

Competition-

Shuttlecock kicking competition includes individual competition and team competition. Singles are judged by the number of times each person kicks shuttlecock; One point in team competition

People are grouped according to their technical level, and winning or losing is judged by the total number of kicks. A skilled person won't land after kicking thousands of times. There is also a group of kicking, that is, a group of people kicking shuttlecocks. When the shuttlecock falls in front of anyone, whoever can choose to kick it back will still kick it to anyone, and whoever falls in front of it will lose.

Kicking shuttlecock mainly depends on the coordinated movement of lower limb muscles, and kung fu is on the feet. Split, knock, turn, turn, turn steadily, take off and cheat your legs, lean forward and lean back. In others' eyes, it's like enjoying dancing. Hip, knee, ankle, etc. Swing around the longitudinal axis to drive the most difficult part of the distal end to supply blood and exercise, and enhance the muscle strength and flexibility of the corresponding joints. Spinning, turning, winding and other actions make the leg muscles such as sartorius muscle, hamstring muscle and thigh muscle get exercise; However, the back muscles and plantar muscles of the foot are essential for heavy blows, knocks and falls. As for some difficult movements of the shuttlecock, such as "seeing flowers in the fog", "Su Qin holding a sword", "purple and gold crown hanging upside down", "knocking on the dragon's back" and "smelling incense in the air", the shuttlecock rolls up and down and turns around. At this time, the psoas muscles, gluteus muscles, and even chest muscles and abdominal muscles should be involved. The short-circuit branches of skeletal muscle artery and vein are widely opened to maintain the dynamic balance of blood flow in lower limbs. It can not only enhance the motor function of muscles and bones, but also effectively prevent some blood reflux disorders, especially the "deep vein thrombosis" disease of lower limbs suffered by office workers.

Long-term bow at the desk, cervical spine leaning forward, neglecting activities, easy to get cervical spondylosis; The physiological curvature of the spine in the chest, waist and other parts is abnormal, and over time, it bends over and hunches, becoming the so-called "office posture". When the shuttlecock is kicked, the joints of the spine are flexed and stretched to a certain extent with the lifting of the shuttlecock, and the muscles of the vertebral body and the front and back of the neck are relaxed, thus avoiding the stiffness of the spine joints, enhancing the stability of the joints, preventing cervical spondylosis and trimming the posture of the waist. When kicking shuttlecock, the upper limbs swing rhythmically, which exercises the muscles and joints of shoulder and back, and also has a good preventive and therapeutic effect on scapulohumeral periarthritis suffered by middle-aged and elderly people.

Shuttlecock kicking can also prevent and treat "sub-health". Kicking shuttlecock requires a high degree of concentration. Kicking can be completed in an instant, the technique is in place, the action is accurate, and the shuttlecock can also be satisfied. The cerebral cortex will inevitably establish a new focus of excitement, divert thinking and "change the brain". It is very beneficial to regulate higher nervous activity and relieve psychological pressure. Although the shuttlecock is small, it has all the functions of entertainment and art and is full of charm. Heart, eyes and feet; Quick response, quick action, and mutual cooperation to transmit information. Many people call kicking shuttlecock "walking shuttlecock". Everyone gathered together, and the flying shuttlecock touched everyone's eyes, mobilized everyone's sense of responsibility and inspired everyone's spirit of unity and enterprising; A little carelessness will lead to the rise and fall of shuttlecock. In the meantime, there were talking and laughing, shouting and calling, teasing and letting, and the atmosphere was harmonious and warm; Once it landed, it was an uproar and a pity. The adjustment of mentality lies in the rise and fall of shuttlecock. Effectively prevent the "sub-health" state.