What is the connection between Buddhism and China traditional culture?

Buddhism originated in ancient India in the 6th-5th century BC, but it is difficult to determine the exact time and age when it was introduced to China. It is said that in the second year BC, the emissary of Dayue (a country established after a powerful minority originally living in northern China moved westward to Central Asia) went to Chang 'an, now Xi 'an, China, and dictated Buddhist scriptures to a doctoral disciple named Lu Jing. This is the earliest record of Buddhism's introduction into China in China's history books. Since Buddhism was introduced into China, it will inevitably conflict with the traditional culture of China, and the relationship between them can also be described in three stages: conflict, gradual compatibility and mutual supplement. In this process, many monks and ruling classes of past dynasties played a major role. The first stage is the conflict between Buddhism and China traditional culture. According to historical records, after Buddhism was introduced into China, it was bound to conflict with the traditional culture of China. The relationship between the two can also be expounded from three stages: conflict, gradual compatibility and mutual supplement. In this process, many monks and ruling classes of past dynasties played a major role. When Buddhism was introduced, Confucianism, Taoism and many traditional religious and cultural systems were already very complete. As a foreign religion, Buddhism is obviously different from China's traditional culture. For example, according to the orthodox view of Buddhism at that time, monks should not be respectful to the king and do not need to be filial to their adoptive parents, which is always contrary to China's traditional Confucianism. But Buddhism adheres to the doctrine of patience in all things, happiness in the afterlife and practice in this life. For the working people in dire straits, it is very tempting to endure and be blessed in the next life; For the ruling class, patience in Buddhist teachings has played a very good role in maintaining feudal rule, because China's traditional culture adheres to the idea of loyalty to the monarch, but sometimes it also insists that the people should carry the Tao and can overturn the boat. It is under this consideration that the ruling class began to recognize Buddhism. The first recorded emperor who began to promote Buddhism was Emperor Han Ming. In the seventh year of Yongping, Emperor Hanming sent 12 envoys to the western regions to seek Buddha. It was because the theory of Buddhism in the Han Dynasty was incomplete at that time that the ruling class began to actively extend a hand of friendship to Buddhism in order to use Buddhism to maintain feudal rule. In the second stage, Buddhism began to be compatible with traditional culture. From the Han Dynasty to the Northern Wei Dynasty, although Buddhism had a growing influence in China at that time, many of its viewpoints always went against the traditional culture of China, and these differences have been debated for a long time. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, in order to make Buddhism more conducive to the maintenance of feudal rule, the ruling class began to encourage Buddhist leaders to improve their orthodox views on Buddhism that were contrary to China's traditional culture, so as to achieve unity. For example, during this period, the concept of loyalty to the monarch and filial piety, which conflicted with Confucianism, was solved for the first time. In the later ruling class, in order to consolidate the feudal rule, some changes were made to the relevant Buddhist views in time, and some commandments were formed at this stage. In the Tang Dynasty, and since the Tang Dynasty, Buddhist exchanges with foreign countries have increased, and a large number of outstanding monks have translated foreign inscriptions into local dialects of Buddhist culture, further integrating Buddhism with Chinese traditional culture. Later, during the period of Liang Wudi, although there was a fierce debate among Taoism, Confucianism and Buddhism, it did not stop the integration of Buddhism and China traditional culture. On the contrary, it has strengthened the connection between them to a certain extent. In the third stage, Buddhism and traditional culture complemented each other, and gradually formed a localized Buddhism in China. Through Buddhism's increasing influence on people's lives, Buddhism has largely supplemented the shortcomings of China's traditional culture, and Buddhism has also formed a "China" Buddhism with the help of China's traditional culture. Since then, Buddhism and China traditional culture have complemented and promoted each other and become an indispensable part of people's daily culture. (To be continued)

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