The Origin of Cold Food Festival

Cold Food Festival: 105 Summer to the future, one or two days before Tomb-Sweeping Day. When the first day of the day is a holiday, smoking is forbidden and only cold food is eaten. In the development of later generations, the customs of sweeping, climbing, swinging, cuju, crochet and cockfighting were gradually increased. The Cold Food Festival lasted for more than 2,000 years and was once called the largest folk festival in China. Cold Food Festival is the only traditional festival named after food customs in China.

According to historical records, the origin of the Cold Food Festival: During the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhong Er, the son of the State of Jin, lived in exile in other countries for 19 years, and the minister Jiezitui followed him all the time. Zhong Er tried to become a famous monarch. However, Jiexiu didn't want Li Lu and his mother to retire to Mianshan, and Jin Wengong ordered Yamakaji to be released to force them to meet. Jie tui was eventually burned to death. Jin Wengong remembered his loyalty, buried him in Mianshan, built a shrine and a temple, and ordered the prohibition of cold food on the day of Jiexiu to express his grief. This is the origin of the "Cold Food Festival".

The origin of the Cold Food Festival is Mianshan, Jiexiu, Shanxi, with a history of 2640 years (358 years earlier than the Dragon Boat Festival). According to the definition of "Cold Food Festival" in Ci Yuan and Ci Hai, in the Spring and Autumn Period, Jie Zhitui went through hardships, assisted Zhong Er, the son of Jin Dynasty, to restore the country and lived in seclusion in Mianshan, Jiexiu. Forcing him out of the burnt mountain, Zi pushed the mother and son out of sight and burned us. In order to mourn him, Jin Wengong ordered that fire and cold food should be banned on the anniversary of his death (after the winter of November 150), thus forming a cold food festival.

The Cold Food Festival originated from the record of the burning of Mianshan in Jiexiu, which was first seen in Huan Tan's new volume Xi Li Xi Shi, and then in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, the Biography of Zhou Ju, the Criminal Order of Cao Caoming, the Book of Jin, the Biography of Xerox, and Li Daoyuan's Notes on Water Mirror Fen.

Extended data:

Cold Food Festival, also known as "No Smoking Festival", "Cold Food Festival" and "Hundred Five Days Festival", follows the ancient habit of changing fire. In early spring every year, the climate is dry, not only the kindling preserved by people is easy to cause fire, but also the occurrence of spring thunder is easy to cause mountain fires. In this season, the ancients held a grand sacrificial ceremony to put out all the kindling handed down from the previous year, that is, "forbidding fire", and then drilled a new fire as the starting point of production and life in the new year, which was called "changing fire" or "inviting new fire".

When the fire is changed, a grand ritual activity is held to burn the symbol of millet, the god of cereal, which is called human sacrifice. After the custom was passed down, it formed the later No Fire Festival. There is an interval between banning fire and changing fire. Historical materials have different opinions such as three days, five days and seven days. In this period when there is no fire, people must prepare enough cooked food and live on cold food. This is the so-called "cold food", hence the name "Cold Food Festival". The Cold Food Festival has lasted for more than 2,000 years and is called the largest folk festival.

During the Han Dynasty, Shanxi folks banned fire for one month to commemorate it. During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao, Emperor Wu of Wei, ordered the cancellation of this custom. There is a sentence in Yin Penalty Order that "people in Taiyuan, Shangdang and Yanmen are forbidden to eat cold food for 150 days after the winter solstice, which makes people not eat cold food." If the offender's parents are sentenced to half a year's imprisonment, and the chief judge is sentenced to 100 days, he can win one month's salary. "After the Three Kingdoms returned to Jin, they paid special attention to their stories in Jin because they were homophonic with Jin in the Spring and Autumn Period, and the custom of banning fire and cold food in memory of mesons resumed.

But the time was shortened to three days. At the same time, the idea of commemorating the meson of the Cold Food Festival was spread to all parts of the country, so the Cold Food Festival became a national festival, and the prohibition of fire and cold food during the Cold Food Festival became the unchangeable custom of the Chinese nation.

References:

Tomb-Sweeping Day has a "dual personality"? Tomb-Sweeping Day said cold food before-People's Network